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LESSON 2.8 .
Analysing forces in
Forces in Equilibrium
The principle of the forces in
equilibrium states,
“ When forces act upon an object , the Weight = Tension
object is said to be in a state of (c)
equilibrium when the resulting force
acting on the object is zero ( no net
force acting upon it) ”
When the equilibrium is reached, then
the object is in two states, that is
(i) remains stationary (if the object is
stationary)
(ii) moves at a constant velocity ( if
the object is moving)
Based on , F = ma atau a =
F Buoyant force =
Weight
m
When the equilibrium of forces (d)
is achieved, then, F = 0 ,
hence a =0
Thus a = 0 , it means the
object remains stationary or
moves at a constant velocity.
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Pulling force = Frictional Two Forces in Equilibrium
force
(f)
P + Q=0
P =-Q
Example 1
Figure shows a stationary wooden
block of mass 2 kg resting on a table.
Weight = Lifting force
Driving force = Dragging
force
(g)
Calculate
(a) the weight of the wooden block
(b) the normal reaction
Solution
Three Forces in
Equilibrium
Weight = Normal reaction
Engine thrust = Air
resistance +
Frictional
force
(h)
P + Q +R=0
Example 2
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In this method the tail of the first
vector is joined to the tail of second
vector and then draw a parallelogram.
The diagonal represents the resultant
force.
Triangle method:
In this method the tip of the first
vector is joined to the tail of second
vector and then draw a line to
(a) Draw a triangle of forces. complete the triangle.
(b) Calculate the value of The third side represents the resultant
(i) M force.
(ii) N
Terdapat dua kaedah menentukan
Solution
Example 3
Resultant force
Find the resultant force for the
Force is a vector quantity and hence following figure:-
it has magnitude and direction.
Two or more forces which act on an
object can be combined into a single
force called the resultant force.
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Example 4
Example 5
Solution:
Resolution of forces
A = W sin θ
A force can be resolved into two
components, that is, B = W kos θ
(i) the horizontal component, Fx and
(ii) the vertical component , Fy
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Example 6
TUTORIAL
2.8
1 When the equilibrium is reached
an object
A remains stationary
B moves at a constant velocity
C remains stationary or moves at
a
constant velocity
Example 7
Solution
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3 Figure shows three forces F1 , F2 What is the tension , L?
and F3 acting at a point.
A 40 N B 30 N
C 20 N D 10 N
E 5N
A 5 kg B 10 kg
C 15 kg D 20 kg
E 30 kg
A 5.0 N B 6.4 N
C 8.7 N D 10.0 N
E 12.7 N
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11 Figure shows two forces 9 N and
12 N act at a point O.
A 0.86 N B 1.00 N
C 1.74 N D 2.00 N
E 3.48 N
A 53.1o B 48.8o
C 42.0o D 36.9o
E 23.5o
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13 Figure shows two forces 5 N and 4
N act at a point and make an angle
of 60o with each other.
A 9.5 N B 10.2 N
C 10.6 N D 11.8 N
E 12.4 N
What is the resultant force?
A ¼FN B ½FN 17
C FN D ¾FN
E 2F N
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18 Which of the following figures What is the vertical component of
give the largest resultant force the force?
of three forces.
A 27.5 N B 12. 5 N
C 9.5 N D 7.5 N
E 4.5 N
A 5N B 6N
C 8N D 10 N
E 13 N
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A 5.14 ms-2 B 6.13
-2
ms C 6.42 ms-2 D
7.66 ms-2 E 8.00 ms-2
………………………………
…..
(c) Based on your answers in (b)(i)
What is acceleration experienced and (b)(ii) also the
by the toy car informations in Figure(a) and
Figure(b), relate the situations
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to deduce a relevant physics ………………………………………
concept and hence name the ………………
concept. (c) What will happen when the
forward thrust is increased?
………………………………………
………… ……………………………………………
…………
……………………………….…… (d) Why the cyclist thrown forward
…………... when
(d) (i) What will happen to the bicycle runs over a stone.?
the motion of the car if F3
is 8 000N ? ……………………………………………
…………
………………………………… (e) Explain why the cyclist can
……….. gets serious injuries if he falls
(ii) Give one reason for into the road which the surface
your answer in is very hard.
(d)(i).
………………………………………
………………………………… ………………
………..
……………………………………………
26 Figure shows a cyclist is riding …………
along a road at a constant velocity.
The total of downward force acting ……………………………………………
on the bicycle and the cyclist is …………
650 N. The normal reaction of the
front tyre is 300 N and forward
thrust is 200 N.
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(a) Draw a vector diagram to
show the action of the forces.
(b) Determine
(i) the value of T
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(a) What is
(i) the horizontal component
of the pulling force?
…………………………………
………..
…………………………………
………..
…………………………………
………..
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…………………………………
………..
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