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PMM 8030 - MEASURING SYSTEM
FOR
RADIATED INTERFERENCES 30MHz - 1GHz
PMM 8030 - SIGNAL ANALYZER
USER MANUAL
PMM8030/E/02
J
Ormh<Zljg6rdvej 16 8700 Horsens
TIt.75643366 Kbh.47100150
NOTES AND SAFETY WARNINGS
1 - PMM 8030 Signal Analyzer has been designed and manufactured in Italy
according to the national standards and regulations for industrial electronic products,
paying particular attention to all safety recommendations.
2 - PMM 8030 has internal parts working at high voltage. We recommend to avoid
any usage of the equipment when the external
case has been removed.
3 - If evident damages have been caused to the external case, or if you even suspect
that internal damages have occured to the equipment due to improper storage,
transportation or utilization, we recommend to avoid any further usage and to contact
your National Authorized Assistance Centre or your National Distributor.
4- - The cover of PMM 8030 should never be removed or unscrewed. Any inspection,
internal check or repair shall be conducted exclusively by trained and authorized
personnel at the Manufacturer's Service Centre or at your National Authorized
Assistance Centre.
5 - In case of electric shock,urgently refer to the "FIRST AID" table, at the end of this
manual.
- I -
I
, I
FIRST AID
FIRST AID in case of Electric Shock
1. Lay the victim on his back.
2. Clear victim's mouth and throat.
3. Tilt victim's head back as far as possible
and rise his head.
4. Pinch victim's nostrils.
5. Take a deep breath.
6. Cover the victim's mouth with yours and
blow, watching his chest rise.
NOTE: blow forcefully into adults, but gently
into children.
7. Move your face away to allow victim to
breathe out, watching his chest fall.
8. Repeat first five to ten breaths at a rapid
rate; thereafter, take one breath every three
to five seconds.
9. Keep victim's head back as far as possible
all the time .
. Have someone else send for a Doctor .
. Keep patient warm and loosen his clothing.
- II -
DO NOT Give liquids until
patient is inconscious.
PMM 8030 SIGNAL ANALYZER - HARDWARE MANUAL
1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
1 .1 Forewords
1.2 Technical specifications,
1.3 Front and Rear panel features
1.4 Basic requirements
1.5 The ideal environment for radiated interference measurement
2. OPERATING PMM 8030 SIGNAL ANALYZER
2.1 Mains supply input
2.2 Battery input.
2.3 Connection to the PC
2.4 Connection to the antenna set.
2.5 Test set-up.
2.6 Starting measurement session ..
3. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
4. SERVICE
4.1 Calibration check.
- 1 -
1. GENERAL DESCR!PTION
1.1 FOREWORDS
PMM 8030 is an accurate, easy-to-use, low-cost measuring system for radiated EMI in
the frequency range from 30 MHz to 1 GHz.
PMM 8030 is the'firstPC,-basedmeasuring system for radiated interferences and can
be used in conjunction with any PC, IBM AT compatible, with VGA, EGA or CGA
graphics.
All measurements are performed according to the requirements of the major
standards and recommandations concerning Electromagnetic Emission and
Interference: CISPR, VDE, FCC, EN (EURONORMS).
PMM 8030 has been conceived, designed and manufactered to offer an instrument
for the daily process of design, more precisely an instrument for DESIGN
DEBUGGING, but thanks to its accuracy, it may also be used for final a.A. tests,
certification, or for tests on the production lines.
Fig. 1: PMM 8030 SYSTEM
- 2 -
PMM 8030 system is composed by:
o 8030 signal analyzer in range 30MHz to 1 GHz.
o a complete set of antennas, to cover the whole frequency range
o plug-inboard JorAT-Gompatible .personal computers
o 8030 software
o Power supply, Data and RF connecting cables
It can be fully assembled in an easy way, to allow the customer for immediate
utilization.
Only a screwdriver is required to open the PC cover to plug-in the interface card for
AT - compatible computer.
- 3 -
1.2 TECNICAL SPECiFICATIONS
According to CISPR recommandations, PMM 8030 measuring system performs
measurements of radiated interferences in range 30 MHz - 1 GHz.
Frequency range
Frequency setting
Display
Resolution
Setting error
RF input
VSWR
30 MHz to 1 GHz
Manual. mode:.1 0 kHz
Sweep mode: 2:. 50 kHz
Numerical keyboard entry
Automatic scanning between START - STOP freq.
6 digit
Manual: 10kHz - Sweep 2:. 50 kHz
< 10 kHz
Z'n = 50 ohm, N conn..ector, female
< 1.2 with 2:. 10 dB RF attenuation
< 2 with 0 dB RF attenuation
Oscillator reradiation at RF input < 50 dBuV
Preselector eight bandpass folters
30 MHz to < 45 MHz
45 MHz to < 75 MHz
75 MHz to < 125 MHz
125 MHz to < 210 MHz
210 MHz to < 350 MHz
350 MHz to < 500 MHz
500 MHz to < 720 MHz
720 MHz to 1000 MHz
Maximum input level (Xwithout equipment damage)
Sinewave AC voltage 127 dBuV
Pulse spectral density 90 dBuV IMHz
Interference rejection
I F rejection
RF shielding
> 50 dB
No additional measuring error
at a field strength of 3 Vim
(tested according to IEC 801 - 3)
- 4 -
1.2 TECNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
According to CISPR recommandations, PMM 8030 measuring system performs
measurements of radiated interferences in range 30 MHz - 1 GHz.
Frequency range
Frequency setting
Display
Reso!ution
Setting error
RF input
VSWR
30 MHz to 1 GHz
Manual. mode: 10kHz
Sweep mode: ~ 50 kHz
Numerical keyboard entry
Automatic scanning between START - STOP freq.
6 digit
Manual: 10kHz - Sweep 50 kHz
< 10 kHz
lin = 50 ohm, N conrwctor, female
< 1.2 with ~ 10 dB RF attenuation
< 2 with 0 dB RF attenuation
Oscillator reradiation at RF input < 50 dBuV
Preselector eight bandpass folters
30 MHz to < 45 MHz
45 MHz to < 75 MHz
75 MHz to < 125 MHz
125 MHz to < 210 MHz
210 MHz to < 350 MHz
350 MHz to < 500 MHz
500 MHz to < 720 MHz
720 MHz to 1000 MHz
Maximum input level (Xwithout equipment damage)
Sinewave AC voltage 127 dBuV
Pulse spectral density 90 dBuV IMHz
Interterence rejection
IF rejection
RF shielding
> 50 dB
No additional measuring error
at a field strength of 3 Vim
(tested according to IEC 801 - 3)
- 4 -
Intermediate freouencies
.
1st IF
2nd IF
3rd IF
IF Bandwidths (- 6dB)
310.7 or 760.7 MHz
139.3 MHz
10.7 MHz
120 kHz (CISPR tolerances)
Noise indication (prior to receiver response linearization)
Typical values Guaranteed values
Peak value
Quasi - peak value
Average value
Voltage measurement range
< 5 dbuV < 7 dBuV
< 2 dbuV < 5 dBuV
< 0 dbuV < 3 dBuV
Lower limit (additional error caused by inherent noise < 3 dB)
Peak value < 12 dBuV
Quasi - peak value
Average value
Upper limit (P, QP, AV)
Inherent spurious response
< 9 dBuV
< 7dBuV
120 dBuV
5 dB max exceeding noise level
Level measuring time (keyboard entry)
Peak detector 100 ms to 3000 ms
Quasi - peak detector 1 s to 30 s
Measuring error (after calibration) (*)
From 30 to 200 MHz + 1.5 dB max
From 200 to 500 MHz + 1.5 / - 3 dB max
From 500 to 1000 MHz + 1.5/ - 5 dB max
Internal calibration pulse generator (100 Hz rating)
(*) Measuring error can be improved by individual response linearization (Xsupplied
on request) of the receiver
Demodulation modes
Input / Output connections
Front panel
Rear panel
AM / FM / buit - in loudspeaker
IF Output, 50 ohm, BNC, female
RF Input, 50 ohm, N, female
50 pins, PC data connector (parallel dedicated
interface)
- 5 -
Power supply
AC supply.
DC supply
General data
Rated temperature range
Storage temperature range
EMI receiver RFI suppression
Dimension 0N x H x D)
Weight:
100 / 120 / 220 / 240 V + 10%
47 to 440 Hz
Available on request
from 0 to + 45 C
from - 25 to + 75 C
compliance with CISPR22, VDE0871 and FCC 15J
265 mm x 170 mm x 290 mm.
8.5 kg.
- 6 -
1.3 FRONT AND REAR PANEL FEATURES
o [fiii!!!] I,"cvm"h Oi,.
8ms SIGNAL IINALIlYlER 30-IOOOHHz
o
PLL @
@ @
1
~
Over raNS! Z,ro 48 .tI.
DolaiH@

IF OUT 50 KF IN 50
lRIin!
@J @J
llHe
10.7 MHz 127 dBjJV
0 0
1
3 4 5
o
o
o
o
o o
B
FIG.2: Front and rear panel features
- 7 -
I I
With reference to fig. 2, the PMM 8030 signal analyzer is provided with the following
front and rear panel features:
1) Indication LEDs
2) Loudspeaker
3) Volume control
4) IF (10.7 MHz) output
5) RF input (from Rx Antenna)
6) POWER-ON switch
7) Mains input
8) Vdc Input
9) Data Connector (to PC )
- 8 -
1.4 BASIC'REQUIREMENTS
No particular EM I-expertise is required to use PMM 8030: all the difficult operations
and calculations are automatically performed by the software itself, so allowing the
operator to concentrate on the results of the measurements and not on how to get
them.
The hardware has also. been conceived. .in.. order to minimize the problems of
installation and measurements. An'AT-compatible PC, with eGA, EGA or VGA
graphics is the only requirement to drive the system.
The scope of the measurement is to identify and to calculate the highest radiated
emission level for each frequency in the range from 30 MHz to 1 GHz.
This can be acheived providing the test site with some facilities, among wich:
o an antenna mast, to vary antenna's height above ground from 1 up to 4
meter to obtain the maximum signal strength,
o a rotating platform, to identify the azimuthal angle of maximum Signal
emission,
o a metal ground plane.
The DUT (Device Under Test) must be installed and operated according to its
standard conditions.
The maximum signal strength is searched:
o rotating the OUT to find azimuthal angle of maximum emission,
o varying the antenna height from 1 to 4 meters to measure the maximum
emission level (reflection phenomenes affect measured values), in case of
horizontal polarization,
or
o placing the vertical polarized antenna at the same height of the OUT.
- 9 -
i I
The measured value is recorded and displayed an a logaritmic graphic chart. This
operation is repeated for all the frequencies from 30 MHz to 1 GHz.
The following figure summarizes all the requirements to perform radiated emission
measurements.
Laborator!j
1
1
1
1
1
Low noise
:
11+4 III I
1
1
1

I ill
I "
I _____ ____ ... I
Fig. 3: Typical configuration for radiated emission measurements.
- 10 -
1.5 - THE IDEAL ENVIRONMENT FOR RADIATED INTERFERENCE MEASURES
Any electrical, electromechanical or electronic device is both a potential source or a
receptor of Electromagnetic Interferences (EMI).
The term Radiated EMI refers to the interferences that are coupled between circuits,
equipment or systems via electromagnetic fields.
Radiated interferenc,esdnclude.jsituations, imwhich remission could interfere, entering
via a receiving antenna system, penetrating a shielded housing or coupling into
various signal, command or power leads of a receptor, via radiated paths.
The values of radiated EMI are generally investigated in the frequency range between
30 MHz and 1 GHz, that is in the frequency range where the effect is most relevant.
International and National Standardization Bodies define regulations and maximum
allowed limits in matter of radited EM!. Manufacturers are forced to perform
compliance tests and measurements before selling their devices.
The basic philosophy of PMM 8030 Measuring System for radiated Interferences is to
provide technicians with a reliable and easy-to-use instrument to perform quick and
repeated verifications on electrical and electronic products, since the earliest stages
of prototyping.
With the new regulations on EMI, PMM 8030 will become a necessary
as much as an oscilloscope or a
multimeter.
Nevertheless, PMM 8030 may be used also to perform EMI tests for certifications,
Q.A. validation and type-approval, i.e. very accurate and precise tests.
Whenever performing an EMI measurement, for design debugging or in particular for
final certification it is necessary to be aware of the fact that the accuracy of any EMI
measurement depends not only on the measuring instrument itself, but also on the
conditions and the environmet in which the measure is performed.
This is the reason why all EMI regulations and recommendations, such as CISPR,
VDE and FCC, pay much attention in defining precisely the proper environment and
set-up for a measuring session.
- 11 -
The environment plays an important role in the measure for two main reasons: first, a
correct set-up in a "clean" environment prevents the measuring instrument from
picking up external noise ,which is not generated by the Device Under Test; secondly
the use of the correct environment guarantees the repeteability of the measure.
Depending on the type of radiated test to be performed, there are different types of
environments which may be used.
For Commercial testing, the regulations generally indicate the Open Area Test Site
(OATS) as the radiated EMI tests may
also be performed in anechioc or semianechoic rooms, althrough these solutions are
only approximations of the Open Field Site and generally very expensive.
A typical set-up for the measurement of radiated EMI is the following:
Fig. 4: Typical measurement set-up.
- 12 -
where:
o OUT is the device to be tested (Device Under Test)
o RX ANTENNA is the antenna which actually takes the signal (LOG
PERIODIC or BICONICAL)
o SIGNALANALVZER'is the measuring instrument, typically a RF receiver in
the range 30 MHz 1 GHz.
Tests performed in a non-proper environment, such as offices or laboratories with
high EM-pollution, should only be considered as indicative, and should not be used
for certification or for any official use.
- 13 -
2. OPERATING PMM 8030 SIGNAL ANAL VZER
2.1 CONNECTION TO THE PC
The connection between PC and the Signal Analyzer is realized with the flat cable, 50
PINs connector.
The PC must be equipped with the proprietary parallel interface, plugged within one of
the spare slots of the PC mother board. The interface unit is part of the PMM 8030
Measuring System for Radiated Interferences.
2.2 POWER SUPPLY INPUT.
The PMM 8030 Signal Analyzer can be supplied from different voltages sources:
o 220 Vac .. 10%, 50 Hz (when the equipment is used in european
countries).
o 110 Vac.. 10%, 60 Hz (for north american countries).
Selection between the two different AC voltages is hardware realized by means of
internal presetting. The power cable, to connect mains input to the plug, is provided
with the set of cords.
NOTE: the change of the AC voltage value can be done exlusively by trained and
authorized personnel at the Manufacturer's Service Centre or at your National
Authorized Assistance Centre.
- 14 -
2.2 Voc INPUT.
To allow the operator to perform measurement sessions also in external environment,
such as an open field test site, the PMM 8030 Signal Analyzer has been provided with
optional Vdc power input.
Vdc input voltage shall be in the range from 18 Vdc to 24 Vdc, such as the supply
provided by a small DC/DC converter. Connection between rear - side DC input and
battery is realized by means of dedicated cord.
The right Pin connection on the rear panel of the equipment is shown in the following
figure.
Pin 1 Ground
Pin 3 + !,Ide
o
o
Pin 6 - !,Ide
3 4
All the other pins
7 are not COTIJl6Cted.
o
Fig. 5: Vdc connector pin-out.
2.4 CONNECTION TO THE ANTENNA SET.
The PMM 8030 Signal Analyzer, is connected to the receiving antenna, Log Periodic
or Biconical, through N connectorized coaxial cable.
The cable shall be adequately long to avoid the PC and The PMM 8030 from
interfering on the antenna. At the same time, the cable shall be of very good quality,
with well defined attenuation characteristics.
Such cable is not provided with the equipment.
- 15 -
2.5 SOFTWARE PROGRAM
The program to run PMM 8030 is provided with the system on a 3
1
/
2
" or a 5" diskette.
The diskette also contains a linearization standard file and a number of data files
representing the most common EMllimits.
We suggest to copy all files on a dedicated sub-directory of your PC's hard disk, in
order to have better access and storage capabilities.
2.5 TEST SET - UP.
Once power supplied and connected in the right way the PMM8030 signal analyzer to
your PC and to the receiving antenna (LOG - PERIODIC or BICONICAL), before
starting with the measurement session, it is necessary to realize a TEST SET - UP in
accordance with the reference standard.
The scope of the set-up is to define a standard configuration in order to make
measures repeteable and correlatable.
All regulations require that the OUT should be configured in normal operating
conditions, with all its parts and cabling, if any, connected. All cables in excess must
be draped and bounded if necessary.
Desk top equipment must be placed on a non-conductive table 1 meter high.
It is often valuable ... to."perform preliminary radiated..measurements at a closer distance
than 3 meters of the OUT.
At near distances it is easier to determine the spectrum signature of the OUT and, if
applicable, the DUT configuration that produces the maximum level of emission.
A site other than an open field may be used for this purpose, but the operator should
be aware that alternate sites may not produce precisely correlatable results.
In this case it is racommended to use the PMM 8030 signal analyzer loudspeaker as
an aid to detect ambient signals and to find frequencies of significant emission from
the OUT.
Care must be taken not to miss any significant RF emission during these preliminary
tests.
- 16 -
2.6 STARTING MEASUREMENT SESSION.
Before starting your measurement session, with the command "8030" from DOS
operating system, please check the type of terminal interface with whom your PC is
equipped and the DOS release.
Infact if you want to get "hard-copy" printout of your measure, you need a CGA
configured terminal or a PC with at least DOS 5.0 relase . In this case you have first to
run the DOS program GRAPHIC.EXE and then the 8030 software.
The software release 'isdisplaied on the' screen once entered running command
(Le.:PMM 8030 - Release X.X).
Further details concernig this topic can be found in the relevant section of the
Software Manual.
- 17 -
3. TECHNICAL DESCAIPTUON
PMM 8030 Signal Analyzer is a convertion receiver with continous coverage in the
range 30 MHz - 1 GHz.
Conversion process is realized in four different steps. It must be noted that the first
step, that is the first IF filter, is varied according to the different frequency range
currently operated:
o lower frequency range (30 MHz - 500 MHz): IF = 310.7 MHz
o upper frequency range (500 MHz - 1 GHz): IF = 760.7 MHz
The following figure shows the block diagram of the instrument.
114
Fig. 6: PMM 8030 block diagram
- 18 -
With reference to the schematic, the first module found following the Input is the
Attenuator Module (M1), whose function is to take the input signal to an adequate
level. Inside this same module, the pulse generator has been allocated also for the
calibration check of the instrument ("AUTOCAL" process).
The second and the third modules (M2 and M3) are the pre-selectors, which employ
four band-pass filters each in order to achieve low inter-modulation and good
sensitivity .
Module M3 aliocates::all',,the::'freqLJency::convertions, and the 56 MHz master clock
quartz generator. All the timings to all the modules are derived from this master clock.
Module M4 contains the PLL , which is locked to a 15 MHz timing signal derived from
the 150 MHz master clock signal divided by ten. Inside this same module M4, the
VCO has been also allocated; it is used to generate the frequency utilized for the first
conversion, in the lower band (790.7 - 1260.7 MHz, minimum step 10 kHz) and in the
upper band (810.7 - 1310.7 MHz, minimum step 10 kHz).
Module M5 generates the clock timing signals. This module contains the
foundamental clock quartz generator at 150 MHz from which 15 Mz, 450 MHz and 900
MHz timing signals are derived.
Module M6 performs the two first (IF 310.7 MHz and IF 760.7 MHz) and the second
(IF 139.3 MHz) frequency conversion steps.
Within module M7 the third (IF 10.7 MHz) and the fourth (IF 455 kHz) frequency
conversion steps '.1he.' 'last conversion is derived from
the timing signal generated by the 11.155 MHz quartz oscillator, also allocated within
this module.
It must be noted that the signal is amplified and filtered by one of these two IF filters
respectively with BW of 120 kHz, as required by almost all the regulations to perform
standard measurements, and BW of 10kHz, for radiomonitoring purposes.
In the last module M8, it has been allocated the logarithmic amplifier with the
Analog-to-Digital conveter. This module also includes the peak, quasi-peak and
average detectors.
Module M8 outputs the digital signals which are available on the 50 pins rear
connector of PMM 8030. These are taken as inputs by the I/O board inserted in the
Personal Computer and properly processed by the 8030 software to provide displays
of the performed measures.
- 19 -
4. SERVICE
WARNING
INTERNAL HARDWARE CHECK AND REPAIRS SHALL BE PERFORMED
ONLY BY AUTHORIZED ASSISTANCE AND SERVICE CENTRES.
THE MANUFACTURER, THE WORLDWIDE DISTRIBUTORS AND THE
NATIONAL DISTR!BUTORS OR AGENTS SHALL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE
AND KEPT LIABLE FOR DAMAGES TO GOODS, INSTRUMENTS OR
PERSONS CAUSED DURING UNAUTHORIZED OPERATIONS ON THE
INSTRUMENTS, OR BY MANOMISSED INSTRUMENTS.
4.1 CALIBRATION CHECK.
In order to check the calibration of PMM 8030 Signal Analyzer, it is necessary to utilize
a synthetized frequen:cy'generatorwithAT'LEAST'thefollowing characteristics:
o frequency range 30 MHz - 1 GHz
o accuracy 1 kHz
o output level settable at 60 dBuV with accuracy of 1 dB.
The calibration check is performed according to the following steps:
A) Take out the bottom and top covers of PMM 8030 Signal Analyzer;
B) Switch on 8030 and run the software;
- 20 -
C) enter the MANUAL MODE menu and set the parameters as follow:
o FREQUENCY 150 MHz
o REF. LEVEL 60 dBuV
o BW IF 120 kHz
o DETECTOR PEAK
D) Set the RF generator output at frequency of 150 MHz with 60dBuV level, and
connect it to PMM 8030 RF input (front panel, the RF input normally used to connect
the antenna).
E) Adjust the trimmer R25 of module IF (M7) until the readout on the PC screen is
60dBuV.
F) Set the parameter BW IF to 10 kHz and adjust trimmer R50 of module IF (M7) until
readout is 60 dBuV.
G) Set the RF generator output at 650 MHz, and set the parameter FREQUENCY of
PMM 8030 at 650 MHz as well.
H) Adjust trimmer R9 of the Frequency Converter Module (M9) until readout is
60dBuV.
It is possible to checktheDETECTORS(PEAK, CISPR or AVERAGE) after having
done step F) or H): switch from PEAK to CISPR (Q-PEAK) and AVERAGE and ensure
that the readout should not vary more than 0.5 dB.
- 21 -
PMM's 8030 SYSTEM - SOFTWARE MANUAL (ReI. 3 - 9/92)
To operate the system in a simple and user-frendly way, a menu-based software has
been adopted. To allow the user to operate the system in different environments, a
number of ootion have been orovided to run the PMM 8030 software:
, ,
o 8030: normal program execution;
o S030/eGA: to configure a VGA/EGA monitor as CGA monitor;
o 8030/U: program running without 8030 signal analyzer (e.g. for training)
Once started the program, a main menu of i 0 options is displayed on the screen.
Options can be selected simply depressing the keypad letter corresponding to the
different color letter (red) of the chosen option (EGA/VGA color monitor) or the capitol
letter (eGA b/w monitor).
The selected option generally displays a window containing a number of commands,
selectable as defined above or moving through the window by means of the
UP/DOWN choice has been dons.
Some commands, while active, block the system until the function chosen is
terminated or the ESC key is depressed. In this case the letters in different color turn
from red to blu.
- 22 -
The main menu options are the following:
+ FILE: file handling and exit to DOS
SWEEP: performs automatic measurements
SPECTRUM: operates the equipment as a Spectrum Analyzer
+ MANUAL: operates the equipment in manual mode
+ LIMIT: alloW5,to 10adstandardJimitsorJo.create new ones
ANTENNAS: defines and select ANTENNAS or PROBES
PRINT: generates printout and reports of the measurements
TAB: tables handling for special measurement session
AUTOCAL: starts the autocalibration procedure
HELP: displays the on-line help
A further menu is available and can be displayed entering the" / " key. Within this
menu it is possible to change the following system detault values:
o increase the duration of a PEAK measure for each frequency from the default
value of 100. of a QPEAK measure for
each frequency-from 'the default value of 1 s up to 30 s.
o change the holding time of the MAX HOLD bar of the manual mode from the
default value of 3 s to indefinite time.
o define some plotter parameters as: 1 or 3 pen, connection to port COM 1 or
COM2, figure ratation of 0 or 90 degrees.
The syntax of these commands is the following:
o Peakdelay n (n from 100 to 3000)
o QPeakde!ay n (n from 1 to 5)
o TimeHold = ON / OFF (ON indefinite time, OFF for 3 s. holding)
- 23 -
o PEN1/ PEN3
o COM1/COM2
< default PEN 1 >
<default COM1 >
o ROO/R090 <default ROO>
Before starting to examine in details all the command in the following sections, a short
explanation of the way the system operates is given.
PMM8030 is a computer operated measuring system for radiated interferences and
therefore a mass memory.: (har.d;disk1 . .or:,:rfloppy: disk) , where all executable files and
other program generated files (limits, measurements, etc.) are stored, and a working
volatile memory are available.
The volatile memory permits to store files temporarely, once a time.
In case a second file is loaded, this is dispalied directly on the screen and is available
to be compared with the previous stared one.
When the "refresh screen" command is used, only the first file, loaded from the mass
memory and allocated within the working memory, is dispalyed on the screen.
The following figure represents a typical dispaly of a measure realized by means of the
PMM8030 system.
P M Ii 0 {) 3 II
VI Ie
."' .. p
Gpao tru .. "'anual
LiR.\:
ANtcsonnaJl Print nutoo.a.l H
31;1 100 1
i.
- - - . : - - - - - - - ~ - - -
!
!
,
: : :
,
, , :
.1 1 J J
; ;
-
;
, ; ;
: ;
f-+-, , , ,
.11 "
'.Il'Ii. . It.. i III L il .Ml
I ~ f'W"
,.,.....-
1
, I :
6(;1
,
;
!
, . .,
Fig. 7: Graphic report of a measurement
- 24 -
1. FILE
The FILE menu contains all the commands required for the manipulation of
measurement files and the command to leave the measuring session.
Access to the menu is through keyboard letter F; two windows containing all FILE
commands are displayed on the screen:
Save Save
Load Show & Compare
Erase Erase
Unload Unload
Refresh screen Refresh screen
DOS Shell DOS Shell
Exit Exit
The first is displayed when the working memory is unloaded while the sacon is
displayed if a measurement file has already been loaded in the working memory.
1.1 SAVE
This command saves in a file the last "sweep" measure and all its parameters.
It is possible to add a line of text to save further informations concerning the
performed measure.
- 25 -
1.2 (a) LOAD
Retrieves and loads a previously-stored graphic file, and displays it on the screen. Up
and down arrows are used to select among all the stored files, within U"'Je
measurement files directory.
i.2 (b) SHOW & COMPARE
Allows to show on the screen a file, without loading it in the working memory.
If file measure paralXleters,{start-and(stop;frequency;Jrequency step) are equal to the
parameters of the file loaded in the working memory, all the differences are
automatically displayed within a dedicated screen window.
1.3 ERASE
Saved files can be deleted using this command. File selection is made by means of up
and down arrows. To minimize accidental or unwanted operation, it is required to the
to confirm the erase command.
1.4 UNLOAD
Unloads all data currently stored in the working memory.
1.5 REfRESH SCREEN
Refreshes the screen with the first stored graphic report, that is the file stored in the
working memory. The vertical scale is expanded from 0 dBuV to 80 dBuV if the stored
measure does not exceed 80 dBuV level for any frequency in the measurement range.
1.6 DOS SHEll
Using this option it is possible to leave temporarely the measurement session and to
access to DOS operating system and its commands. Typing "EXIT" from DOS line, the
control return to the measurements program.
1.7 EXIT
Quits measurement session and return to DOS.
- 26 -
2. SWEEP
The SWEEP menu allows the user to make an automatic measure, the result of which
will be displayed on the screen as a graphic chart in real time.
Before starting the measure, some parameters can be set using the following
commands provided within this menu:
o Sweep Start
o Sweep Stop
o Freq. step
o Detector
o Demodulator
o Antenna
o Minim.att.
o ZOOMS
o ZOOML
o GO (Go through table)
o Worst case
30 MHz
1000 MHz
100 kHz
Peak (CISPR, Peak + CISPR, AVERAGE)
Off (FM, AM)
NONE (H, V, H + V)
10 dB (0 dB)
The following f i g u ~ e shows the SWEEP Menu overlapped on a measurement
performed in the frequency range from 30 MHz to 1 GHz.
Fig. 8: Sweep menu options
- 27 -
2.1 SWEEP START
Defines sweep start frequency; default value is 30 MHz. A different value can be
entered typing any integer number in the range from 30 to 999.
2.2 SWEEP STOP
Defines sweep stop frequency. Default value is 1000 MHz; different values can be
entered typing any integer number in the range from 31 to 1000.
2.3 FREQ. STEP
Allows to define frequency stepping of adjacent samples.
The default values (100 kHz) is defined to make a measurement in accordance to
CISPR requirements.
Other values can be entered in the range from 50 kHz to 1 MHz; this facility is useful to
get more informations from the measure or to speed up measurements when just a
IIsurvey" is desired.
Note that when the stepping value is lower than 100 kHz, it is necessary to reduce the
frequency range of the measure.
2.4 DETECTOR
Selects the detector to"be used durrng the"measure among the following:
CISPA
PEAK
PEAK + CISPR
AVERAGE
In this way it is possible to make the measurerements on PEAK (instantaneous),
CISPR (quasi-peak) or AVERAGE (weighted) values.
- 28 -
PEAK + CISPR option has been provided to speed up checks; in fact the software
first runs a peak sweep and only at these frequencies where the peak values are really
close, at least 3 dB lower, or above the chosen limit (VDE A or 8, FCC-A ecc.), a
CISPR detection is carried on.
PEAK + CiSPR option shall be used only after selecting or defining a limit.
2.5 DEMODULATOR
Switches off or inserts .. ,AM .... / FMdemodulator, to allow the operator an easy
identification of noise origin in the'relevantfrequency band.
2.6 ANTENNAS
This optin allows the operator to:
o load an antenna k-factor or a probe attenuation table among the stored ones;
or
o select antenna polarization (H, Vor H + V).
When the H + V option is selected, the measuring system records and display for
each frequency only:, ,thg;!,highesL, levehof/Ah'Sc..two .. measurements, performed with
horizontal and vertical antenna polarization.
2.7 M ~ N I M . ATT.
Defines attenuator's value at the RF input. The choice is between 0 dB and 10 dB
(default value).
2.8 ZOOMS
After the sweep measure is completed and the result is displayed on the screen, this
command opens a window 4 MHz wide, with central frequency selectable through a
marker. If a limit is displayed on the screen, its center frequency value is shown within
the window. The marker is moved by means of left and right arrows (step 100 kHz).
- 29 -
To be noted that the speed in the movements of the cursor may be increased by
using the arrow key together with the SHIFT (step 1 MHz) key or the CONTROL key
(step 5 MHz).
To display the zoom picture, press ENTER when the marker is in the desired position.
Zoom window can be shifted leftward and rightward by means of arrow keys; central
frequency is consequently modified.
2.9 ZOOML
An 8 MHz window is open.
2.10 GO (GO THROUGH TABLE)
Starts the measure, according to the selected parameters; if a table has been loaded,
an automatic measure is performed only at the frequencies specified within the table.
In this case, when the Quasi - peak detector time is set to a value greater than 1 s, a
visual indication of the measured emission is displaied on the screen; this option is
particulary useful when radiated power measurement is performed. Moving the
absorbing clamp along the cable it is possible to localize the max emission value;
depressing the space bar the measure at the relevant frequency is done and the
system automatically moves to the following frequency.
In any case the measurement can be aborted by means of ESC key. To temporarely
stop a measure use the ".H, P or H": keyes.
P Ii M B II 3 0
.'
nIl! sw.,,,p
'-.otl'U"
!'(an ..... !
LiRJ.:
IIHt"nn",. Print. Auto" .. !
311 1m!
T
I
!
;.--- ---
j
i
--.-- --.- ------i-.
- -
+-
.. f
i i
90
i i
; .
i
,

60
i-----_h
i
II-

,
1, J A!AI'\ ,IL film 'L !'i Mli..
i
I"'''''''" ."!"'" '!
I ...........
... :
,
!
,
L _L
_! 30
L
I _. ____ L_. ___ l. ___ ;.. ___ __ L __ j
g
Li .. it: VDI:B3Pl Antenna DI cr.o<;
Fig.9: Radiated emission against VDE 0871 B limit.
- 30 -
2.11 WORST CASE
This option' performs an indefinite number of recursive sweep measures and
represents all of them on the graphic chart.
The "ESC" key stops the actual measure.
While saving, only the highest values for each frequency are kept into account; the
result is a single representation of the worst case among all the measured values for
each frequency.
- 31 -
3. SPECTRUM
The PMM 8030 System for Radiated Interferences can provide graphic display as a
Spectrum Analyzer, in the frequency range from 30 MHz to 1 GHz.
The Spectrum mode option allows the operator to detect any change at a defined
frequency while the measure is in progress.
To operate in a correct way the spectrum, it is necessary to set the frequency
stepping (SWEEP the measure.
Entering the SPECTRUM menu, through S key, it is possible to set the parameters
and to start the measure.
The commands available are:
o Center frequency
o Ref. level
o GOS
o GOl
3.1 CENTER FREQUENCY
Defines the center frequency with a resolution up to 10kHz, entering a value from 30
to 1000.
3.2 REfERENCE lEVEL
Defines input reference level, from 50 dBuV to 120 dBuV (which is equivalent to define
the input attenuation from a to 70 dB).
The level is adjustable in step of 10 dB.
- 32 -
3.3 GO S and GO L
Start the recursive sweep. When one of the commands is entered, a window is
opened showing the selected central frequency and its related measured level.
1'111'1 0030
..-.---------,------ - --_._-- -------- - -... _---_.- - .
, ,
-----+--------i
L _______ _____ ___ __ ___ ___ __ . _____________ . _________ L ____ ________ ______ __ ____ ._,Q
Fig. 10: Spectrum mode, center frequency selection.
A marker on the graphic chart can be moved along all the frequency range, by means
of the arrow keys (step of 50 kHz), to select a new center frequency. To be noted that
the speed in the movements of the cursor may be increased by using the arrow key
together with the SHIFT key (step of 500 kHz) or the CONTROL key (step 2.5 MHz).
Pressing ENTER, a new window with the spectral analysis is opened; to stop the
analysis and modify pqrameters pr.essiESGo"'" ... ; .. ,.
PNItI 11039 I
30 ,..--------.1<. I'UIh: fBVI!
(c--=- _____ ._, _____ .,j E. :'j@
L
r
-------.---;-----.-11 gro .. 1----------------------,-----------,,---------r-.- __ -_-.-.::.J. 2'"
r,L-. go L j._ _:
! -------; 9 Q
'- !' Span 4,W"liz
l .t : , .
, .! ----of--. j H--------+------;
t. ;----------f-------: 6Q
.L .J . m [::::::E:::::i:::::::t';:::::::::l . """ ;
""'" 1 ..... ""
i ' i i !::::::::i::::::::l:::::::::L:::J e
os .15 I'IHz
Fig. 11: Spectrum mode, recursive sweep within dedicated window.
- 33 -
Selected values are then accepted with the ENTER key and spectral analyse is
automatically restarted around the new selected center frequency.
When the spectrum window is opened, it is possible to move the centrel frequency
(Le. the whole window) left or right by using the arrow keys as explained above.
GO S opens a window 2 MHz width while GO L opens a window 4 MHz width.
4. MANUAL
With the commands of the MAN UAL menu the operator is able to set the parameters
for an accurate inspection about a particular frequency: it is also possible to create a
table containing critical frequencies (Xsee also T AS command).
A digital display and an analog indication, with max hold facility, indicate the frequency
level.
After entering the Manual menu, pressing the M key, the following is displayed on the
screen:
P H M !) El :3 "
t-------jJ
3B.9
dllplJ
AIT. Iil dB
Fig. 12: Manual mode display.
The parameters, selectable moving up and down the arrow keys and pressing ENTER
key, can be changed. In the following sections parameters selection and setting is
discussed in details.
- 34 -
It is also possible to modify some of the parameters value or options just using left
(decrease) and right (increase) arrow keys.
NOTE: the measured value is more accurate (accuracy better than 0.5 dB) when
the level indicator is within the green 01GA/EGA) or thin (CGA) dBuV 1m values scale.
4.1 FREQUENCY
Allows to enter tune frequency value, expressed in MHz as an integer or two decimal
number, between 30 MHz,.and.,1.GHz;Ahe,defauILvalue,is 30 MHz.
A different value can be entered typing any integer number in the range from 30 to
1000. Fine tuning of frequency is then allowed by means of arrow keys.
Using the "INS or INSERT' key the current frequency is added to the table of
frequencies that the operator is going to create. The frequency ca be removed using
the "DEL" key. The "CTRL -- >" and "CTRL < --" commands scroll onward and
backward the loaded frequency table., while "HOME" and "END" keys jump to the first
or the last frequency of the table. Once left the MANUAL option, with the "ESC" key,
the program automatically enter the TAB menu to allow the operator to manage the
frequency able (save, unload, etc.).
4.2 REFERENCE LEVEL
It is possible to set the receiver input reference level from 50 dBuV to 120 dBuV; by
default it is initially. set:at'an"highvalue:::(100:. dBuV) to: avoid accidental damages; for
this reason it should be carefully decreased, avoiding that the analog indication stays
permanently in the upper part of the scale (OVERLOAD). The AUTO option
automatically sets the best reference value according to the measured level.
4.3 FREQUENCY STEP
The default value is 100 kHz. Other values can be entered in the range from 50 kHz to
1 MHz; this facility is useful to get more informations from the measure or to speed up
measurements when just a "survey" is desired.
4.4 BW IF
It is possible to set two different values: 120 kHz (default value) for standard
measurements and 10kHz, for radiomonitoring purposes.
- 35 -
4.5 DETECTOR
A choice among PEAK, CISPR and AVERAGE detector is available.
In this way measurements on PEAK (instantaneous), CISPR (quasi-peak) and
AVERAGE (weighted) values will be performed.
It is pointed out that a peak measure gives generally pessimistic result in respect of
CISPR or average measure.
4.6 DEMODULATOR
Inserting the AM or FM demodulator, it is possible to listen through the loudspeaker to
listen to the noise modulating a certain carrier. This enables the operator for an easier
identification of the noise origin, external or internal to the Device Under Test (DTU).
4.7 ANTENNAS
When an antenna factor or probe attenuation table is loaded, this line indicates the
antenna factor or the attenuation concerning the actual working frequency.
5, LIMIT
The LIMIT menu allows the user,' by means of its commands:
o Create
o Save
o Load
o Delete
to handle limits masks, defined accordingly to the relevant national/international
regulations or particular customer's requirements.
- 36 -
5.1 CREATE
The command enables the operator to draw a new limit mask moving the UP/DOWN
(step 0.5 dBuV) and LEFT/RIGHT (step 1 MHz) arrows on the screen and pressing
ENTER to change direction. Creating mode is left depressing the ESC key. To be
noted that the speed in the horizontal movements of the cursor may be increased by
using the arrow key together with the SHIFT key (5 dBuV /m and 10 MHz) or the
CONTROL key (50 MHz only).
5.2 SAVE
Saves a limit mask created with the above explained command. New limit is stored in
a file.
5.3 LOAD
Loads the file containing the desired limit mask and display it on the screen graphic
chart, to ease the check of the. OUT.
A new loaded limit substitutes on the screen the old one, if any.
5.4 DELETE
Deletes the limit displayed on the screen.
- 37 -
6, ANTENNAS
ANTENNAS menu contains the commands to define the antenna and probes
parameters, in order to get field values (dBuV 1m) from input voltages (dBuV).
The commands are:
o Load
o Unload
o Freq. Switch
o Save
o Create K
6.1 LOAD
Loads a "FILE.KAN" from the directory, that is a table containing the K factor of the
antennas or of the probes used to perform the measurements in the whole frequency
range from 30 MHz to 1 GHz.
6.2 UNLOAD
Unloads a K-factor table (e.g. to measure the level of a signal from a Signal
Generator). In this case displayed values are in voltages (dBuV) and not in field
intensity (d8uV 1m).
6.3 FREQUENCY W ~ T C H l
Th:s command enter the frequency value at which the measure sweep is automatically
stopped to allow the operator to change antenna (e.g. from biconical to log-periodic).
During the measure a warning is given to the operator when the switching frequency
is reached; after having changed the antenna press ENTER to restart the measure.
- 38 -
6.4 SAVE
Once creted a K-factor table, it is possible to save it using this command.
6.5 CREATE K
Allows the operator to create a k-factor table for each different set of antennas. The
table consists of frequency and relevant K-factor value.
7. PRINT
The PRINT option allows the operator to get special written warnings while performing
the measurement or hard-copy printout, as final report of a measurement session.
The commands available within the PRINT menu are the following:
o Plot
o Plot on file
o Write
o Hard Copy
NOTE: to plot a measurement report (Plot and Plot on file commands) with three
different color pens, run PMM 8030 software with the option 8030/P.
7.1 PLOT
This command is used to print out a measurement report by means of a plotter
connected to the PC/AT, where the 8030 software is run. This command allows to
add a text line of notes, etc. to the measurement report.
- 39 -
Before starting to plot, it is better to check the connection between computer and
plotter. The. correct wiring diagram is shown in the following figure. The interface is
standard RS232 , with 25 PIN connector.
PC PL077D!
Fig. 12: PC - Plotter wiring diagram.
Should any difficulties still arise, please use the DOS MODE command, to configure
in the correct way the serial channel (for example: "COM: 9600, N, 8, 1, P"). Further
details can be found in any DOS manual, under the asynchronous communication
section.
7.2 PLOT FilE
Creates a file (FILE.PL T) of a measurement report. This command allows to add a text
line of notes as above. The file can be plotted directly from DOS, using the DOS plot
utilities.
7.3 WRITE
This command provides warning messages on a printer whenever the signal level is
close-to or over the selected limit.
This command allows written reports both during the SWEEP process and "off-line",
when a measure file is reloaded to the display.
- 40 -
When chosing the WRITE option, the program asks the operator to enter an offset
value (in dB) from the limit.
o If 0 is entered, the program will write messages every time the measured
levels is over the limit.
o If a non-zero value is entered, the message will be written only when the value
trespasses this offset from the limit (to be noted that - for istance - if the
operator enter - 5 dB, the program will warn about all the points whose value
is over the limit or, while still below, are closer than 5 dB to the limit).
When a measure in real-time, without any
measurement interruption. Warning print-out has the following format:
ELECTROMAGNETIC E MIS S ION T EST
For ........ (1) ........ . mm/dd/yy (2)
Limit ..... (3) ........ .
FREQ (MHz)
(4)
LEVEL (dBuV)
(5)
LIMIT (dBuV) LIMIT DIS (dS)
(6) (7)
The meaning of the messagS':parts:is:the following:
(1) is the name of the file where the measure has been saved or "Untitled" if the
measure is still running (to be noted that it is intact possible to have this kind ot print
option also on stored files, when compared to limits).
(2) is the date (month/day/year).
(3) is the name ot the selected limit.
(4) is the frequency value whose level has exceeded minimal limit distance value
(5) signal level
(6) limit value
(7) difference between limit and signal level.
- 41 -
7.4 HARDCOPY
This command, equivalent to DOS "Print Screen", is available only when a CGA
configured monitor is used or the PC uses a DOS release from 5.0.
If the PC is equipped with EGA/VGA monitor interface and DOS 5.0 is not available, it
is possible to use the command running the 8030 software with the command:
sOaO/CGA.
In both cases, before running PMM8030 software, it is necessary to run DOS utility
GRAPHIC.EXE.
8. TAB
Using this option the operator can create a table with up to 100 critical frequencies;
during the measurement session the system automatically goes through this table
giving the response in a very short time.
The commands available within this menu are the following:
Create
Save
load
Unload
8.1 CREATE
Entering the appropriate values, a frequency table is created.
8.2 SAVE
Allows the operator to save a file with ".STP" extension, cantaining the frequency table.
- 42 -
8.3 LOAD
This command loads a previously saved frequency table. The list of available tables is
displayed on the screen.
8.4 UNLOAD
Unload the actual frequency table, to allow the operator for a new table loading or for
standard sweep during the measurement session.
8. AUTOCAL
An automatic calibration procedure has been inserted in order to allow:
- testing 8030 Signal Analyzer;
- adjusting correction values for the measure.
When the procedure is run, by selecting the option AUTOCAL of the main menu
(enter the A key), the input preselector, is. connected to an internal high-precision
pulse generator ,working'atthe:'frequency :ot1 00 Hz ...
This test signal is analyzed in the frequency domain and the result are compared with
the expected values, stored in the software sub-process.
In case of major differences, the system will warn the operator by means of a "beep"
sound and a star "*" displayed on the screen. The 8030 Signal Analyzer shall be taken
to tile assistance centre for repairs.
In case of minor differences (less than 1 dB) between the measured and the aspected
values, this difference will be taken into account by the software program, when
displaying the results (self-adjustment).
Due to the importance of havir.g a well-calibrated instruments, we recommend to run
the AUTOCAL routine at the beginning of each measuring session (I.e. once a day,
allowing a 5 - 10 minutes period for warm-up, after switch-on).
- 43 -
9. HELP
The Help command displays a text file, containing a brief explanations of each
command and option.
- 44 -