Introduction to Wireless and Mobile Communication

Course Tile : Course code: Course Instructor: Pre-requisite:

Wireless and Mobile Communication EE+472 Zeeshan Asim 1) Communication System 2) Elementary Mathematics

Quizzes : Attendance:

There will be Five Surprise quizzes As per University rule 70% attendance is required to appear in final examination

Quizzes +Assignment +Attendance : Mid-term Examination: Final Examination : 05 Marks 15 Marks 80 Marks

Aim and Objective : The goal of this course is to provide an in-depth understanding blocks of modern digital mobile and wireless communication system

Recommended Textbooks
Theodore Rappaport, Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice, Second Edition, Prentice Hall, December 2001. Yi-Bing Lin, Imrich Chlamtac, Wireless and Mobile Network Architectures, John Wiles & Sohns, 1st edition, 2000.

Communication
Telecommunication is the exchange of information over significant distances by electronic means

Communication System
Transmission, reception and processing of information through a communication link between two or more locations using electronics means is called communication system

Channel
The channel is a medium, through which the transmitter output is sent, such as wire, coaxial cable, waveguide, optical fiber, or a radio-link.

What is Wireless
The free-space transmission and reception of data by means of electromagnetic fields is called wireless

Example
Wireless transmission has evolved greatly since Guglielmo Marconi successfully initiated the first wireless telegraph transmission in 1895. Wireless communication is the transfer of information between two or more points that are physically not connected mobile, and portable two way radios, cellular telephones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and wireless networking Other examples of wireless technology include GPS units, garage door openers or garage doors, wireless computer mice, keyboards and headsets, satellite television, paging systems and cordless telephone systems

Paging Systems

Microwave transmission
Microwave transmission refers to the technology of transmitting information by the use of radio waves whose wavelengths are conveniently measured in small numbers of centimeters; these are called microwaves.

 Microwaves are widely used for point-to-point communications This allows nearby microwave equipment to use the same frequencies without interfering with each other The microwave band a very large information-carrying capacity; the microwave band has a bandwidth 30 times that of all the rest of the radio spectrum A disadvantage is that microwaves are limited to line of sight propagation Microwave radio transmission is commonly used by communication systems on the surface of the Earth, in satellite communications, and in deep space radio communications Parts of the microwave radio band are used for radars, radio navigation systems, sensor systems Suitable over line-of-sight transmission links without obstacles Provides large useful bandwidth when compared to lower frequencies (HF, VHF, UHF)

Mobile radio

Simplex: Communication is possible in only one direction. Paging systems, in which messages are received but not acknowledged, are simplex systems. Half duplex: Radio systems allow two way communications, but use the same radio channel for both transmission and reception. This means that at any given time, a user can only transmit or receive information like walkie talkie. Full duplex: Allow simultaneous radio transmission and reception between a user and base station, by providing two simultaneous but separate channels like mobile phones.

Difference between Synchronous and Asynchronous Communication

Asynchronous communications is the method of communications most widely
used for PC communication and is commonly used for e-mail applications, Internet access, and asynchronous PC-to-PC communications Through asynchronous communications, data is transmitted one byte at a time with each byte containing one start bit, eight data bits, and one stop bit, thus yielding a total of ten bits. With asynchronous communications, there is a high amount of overhead because every byte sent contains two extra bits (the start and stop bits)

synchronous communications, data is transmitted as frames of large data blocks

rather than bulky individual bytes. One advantage of synchronous is that control information is easily inserted at the beginning and end of each block to ensure constant timing, or synchronization

Modulation: Usually, the signal that we want to transmit, say a speech signal with 4000 Hz frequency, will require a very big antenna. Therefore to send the signal over long distance a base signal superimposed with high frequency carrier Multiplexing There is no difference between them in terms of algorithm both shared the medium but the only difference is multiplexing for wired and multiple access for wireless domain Multiple access refers to the remote sharing of a communication channel such as a satellite or radio channel by users in highly dispersed locations