Answer Scheme TEST 1 BUM2133

Question 1

Standard form of linear equations
2
4;
10 2
2
( ) ; ( ) 4 1 1
10 2
dQ
Q
dt t
p t q t B B
t
| |
+ =
|
+
\ .
| |
= =
|
+
\ .

The integrating factor is
2
( )
ln[10 2 ]
10 2
2
2
( ) 10 2 M1B1
( ) ( ) ( )
(10 2 ) (10 2 )(4)
(10 2 ) 40 4 1 1
40 4
( ) ( ) 1
10 2
dt
p t dt
t
t
t e e e t
t Q t q t dt
t Q t dt
t Q t t C M M
t t C
Q t general solutions B
t

+
+
}
}
= = = = +
=
+ = +
+ = + +
+ +
=
+
}
}

Applying the initial conditions, we have
2
40(2) 4(2)
100 1
10 2(2)
1304 1
C
M
C B
+ +
=
+
=

Thus,
2
40 4 1304
( ) ( ) 1
10 2
t t
Q t particular solutions B
t
+ +
=
+


















Question 2

2
2
2
(3 sin ) sin 0
( , ) 3 sin ( , ) sin
cos sin cos sin
cos sin
Thus, it is an exact equation.
Now, there is a function ( , ), such that
( , ) 3 sin
x y xy dx x xy dy
M x y x y xy N x y x xy
M N
xy xy xy xy xy xy
y x
M N
xy xy xy
y x
F x y
F
M x y x y xy
x
=
= =
c c
= =
c c
c c
= =
c c
c
= =
c
2
3
and ( , ) sin
Then, integrate ( , ) wrt ,
( , ) ( , ) ( )
(3 sin ) ( )
cos ( )
F
N x y x xy
y
M x y x
F x y M x y dx y
x y xy dx y
x xy y
|
|
|
c
= =
c
= +
= +
= + +
}
}


















3
Then, differentiate it wrt , and equate with ( , ), we get
sin ( ) sin
( ) 0
integrate it, we get
( ) 0
Therefore, the solution is
( , )
cos
y N x y
F
x xy y x xy
y
y
y
F x y C
x xy C
|
|
|
c
' = + =
c
' =
=
=
+ =

Question 3


































Answer

( )
3
2
3
3
3
3
3 3
3
3 3
3
6 10
For :
6 10 0
3
( cos sin )
( )
new ( )
3 ( )
( 3 3 )
3 ( 3 3 ) ( 3 )
(9 9 6 )
Subs
t
c
t
c
t
r t
p
t
p
t t
p
t
t t
p
t
x x x te
y
m m
m i
x e A t B t
f t te
x t e Dt E
x e Dt E
x e Dt E e D
e Dt E D
x e Dt E D e D
e Dt E D

'' ' + + =
+ + =
=
= +
=
= +
= +
'
= + +
= +
''
= + +
= +
( )
3 3 3 3
3 3 3
3
3
3
3 3
titute into original equation
(9 9 6 ) 6 ( 3 3 ) 10 ( )
(9 18 10 ) (9 18 10 6 6 )
: 1
: 0
( cos sin )
t t t t
t t t
t
t
t
p
t t
e Dt E D e Dt E D e Dt E te
te D D D e E E E D D te
te D
e E
x te
x t e A t B t te

+ + + + + =
+ + + + =
=
=
=
= + +

Question 4

i m m
m
= =
= +
1
0 1
2

x B x A y sin cos + =
Let x y x y sin and cos
2 1
= =
Wronskian, w =
1 sin cos
cos sin
sin cos
2 2
= + =

= x x
x x
x x
w
( )
A
x
A
u
A du
u
A dx
x
x
A dx
x x
u
+ =
+ =
+ =
+ =
+ =
}
}
}
2
2
3
3
3
cos
1

1

1
2

cos
sin
2
) 1 )( 1 (
sec 2 sin

A
x
u + =
2
cos
1


( )
B x
B xdx
B dx
x
x
B dx
x x
v
+ =
+ =
+ =
+ =
}
}
}
tan 2
sec 2

cos
cos 2

) 1 )( 1 (
sec 2 cos
2
3
3


Therefore
2 1
) ( vy uy x y + =

( )
x x x x B x A
x B x x A
x
y
sin tan 2 sec sin cos
sin tan 2 cos
cos
1
2
+ + =
+ +
|
.
|

\
|
+ =






Let x u cos =

xdx du sin =