DRUG

DOSAGE

MECHANISM OF ACTION
Inhibits cell-wall synthesis, promoting osmotic instability.

INDICATIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE EFFECTS

CV: phlebitis, thrombophlebitis GI: diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting, anorexia SKIN: maculopapular, rashes, increase temperature

NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
- Before giving drug, ask patient if he is allergy penicillins or cephalosporins. - Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity test before giving 1st dose. - Monitor patient for signs and symptoms of superinfection.

Generic Name: Cefuroxime Axetil Brand Name: Cefuroxime Functional Class: Secondgeneration cephalosporin, anti-infectives

750 mg TIV q8

INDICATIONS: Moderate to severe infections, including those of skin, bone, and joints. CONTRAINDICATIONS: - Hypersensitive to drug or other cephalosporins. - Hypersensitive to penicillin because of possibility of cross-sensitivity with other betalactam antibiotics. - Breast-feeding women and with history of colitis/renal insufficiency.

DRUG

DOSAGE

MECHANISM OF ACTION
Its thought to enter the cells of microorganisms that contain nitroreductase forming unstable compounds that bind to DNA and inhibit synthesis, causing cell death.

INDICATIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE EFFECTS

CNS: Headache, seizures, fever, vertigo, ataxia, dizziness, irritability, confusion, weakness, and insomnia CV: Edema, flushing, thrombophlebitis after IV infusion EENT: Rhinitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis

NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
- Monitor liver function test results - Give medication with meals - Observe patient for edema - Record number and character of stools

Generic Name: Metronidazole Hydrochloride Brand Name: Metronidazole Functional Class: Anti-protozoal, anti-infectives

500 g TIV q8

INDICATIONS: Intestinal Amoebiasis CONTRAINDICATIONS: - Hypersensitive to drug or other nitroimidazole derivatives. - In women, first trimester of pregnancy. - With history of blood dyscrasia CNS disorder or retinal or visual field changes. - Patients who take hepatotoxic drugs or have hepatic disease of alcoholism.

GI: Nausea, abdominal pain, stomatitis, diarrhea, constipation, dry mouth and metallic taste GU: Darkened urine, polyuria, dysuria, cystitis SKIN: Rashes

DRUG

DOSAGE

MECHANISM OF ACTION
May inhibit prostaglandin synthesis to produce antiinflammatory analgesics and anti-pyretic effects.

INDICATIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE EFFECTS

CNS: Dizziness, headache, drowsiness, and sedation CV: Arrhythmias, edema, hyperternsion, and palpitations SKIN: diaphoresis, pruritus, rashes GI: Dyspepsia, GI pain, nausea, stomatitis, constipation and diarrhea

NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
- Correct hypovolemia before giving - NSAID may mask signs and symptoms of infection because of their anti-pyretic and antiinflammatory actions.

Generic Name: Ketorolac Thrometamine Brand Name: Ketorolac Functional Class: NSAIDs

15 mg TIV q6 x4 days only

INDICATIONS: Short-term management of moderately severe, acute pain. CONTRAINDICATIONS: - Patients hypersensitive to drug and in those with active peptic ulcer disease, recent GI bleeding of perforation, advance renal impairment and cerebrovascular bleeding. - Contraindicated as prophylactic analgesic before major surgery or intraoperatively when hemostasis is critical and in patients currently receiving aspirin.

DRUG

DOSAGE

MECHANISM OF ACTION
A centrally acting synthetic analgesic compound not chemically related to opioids. Thought to bind to opioid receptors and inhibit reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin.

INDICATIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE EFFECTS

CNS: Dizziness, headache, seizures and anxiety CV: Vasodilation EENT: Visual disturbances GI: Constipation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dry mouth, diarrhea SKIN: Diaphoresis, pruritus, rashes

NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
- Re-asses patients level of pain at least thirty minutes after administration - Monitor CV and respiratory status - Monitor bowel and bladder function - Monitor patients at risk for seizures

Generic Name: Tramadol Hydrochloride Brand Name: Tramadol Functional Class: Opioid analgesics

100 g TIV q8 x3 doses only

INDICATIONS: Moderate to moderately severe pain. CONTRAINDICATIONS: - Hypersensitive to drug or other opioids - Breast-feeding women - With acute intoxication from alcohol hypnotics centrally acting analgesics or psychotropic drugs - Use cautiously in patients at risk for seizures and respiratory depression.

DRUG

DOSAGE

MECHANISM OF ACTION
Thought to produce analgesia by blocking pain impulses by inhibiting synthesis of prostaglandin in the CNS or other substances that sensitize pain receptors stimulation.

INDICATIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE EFFECTS

HEMATOLOGIC: Leukopenia and neutropenia HEPATIC: Jaundice METABOLIC: Hypogylcemia SKIN: Rash, urticaria

NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
- Advise patient that drug is only for short-term use.

Generic Name: Acetaminophen Brand Name: Paracetamol Functional Class: Non-opioid analgesics, antipyretics

200 mg TIV q4

INDICATIONS: Mild pain or fever CONTRAINDICATIONS: - Hypersensitive to drug