Aerodynamics

Sheet 2

2D potential ow
1. Show that the solution of a point vortex at t = 0 (t C) is irrotational everywhere except at t = 0. Using the Stokes Theorem, compute how does V vary as r 0. 2. Show that the streamlines of a doublet centered at the origin are circles tangent to the real axis. 3. Compute the position of the stagnation points and the equation of the dividing streamlines of the conguration shown in the gure. Sketch the streamlines. Compute the force that is necessary to keep the source in its position.

U Q

4. The ow around a rankine oval is the ow around the dividing streamlines of a conguration shown in the gure: a uniform ow (with zero angle of attack), a source of intensity Q at t = b and a sink of intensity Q at t = b. Compute the shape of the Rankine oval, and sketch it streamlines of the ow, showing the dividing streamlines and the stagnation points. Compute the cp at the stagnation points.

U Q Q

Dept. of Bioengineering and Aerospace Engineering

2013/14

Aerodynamics

Sheet 2

5. Compute the stagnation points and sketch the streamlines of the ow generated by a source of intensity Q near a corner, as shown in the gure. Reduce to quadratures the equations that describe the trajectory of the source if it were allowed to move with the ow (HINT: use polar coordinates).

Q
t0 = a+ib

NOTE: sin(x y ) = sin(x) cos(y ) cos(x) sin(y );

cos(x y ) = cos(x) cos(y ) sin(x) sin(y ).

6. Consider the complex potential f (t) = Atn . Whats the value of n that results in = 0 and = being dividing streamlines of the ow? 7. Using the potential from the previous exercise (corner ow), compute the suction force on a thin plate as the ow comes around the border. What is the value of cp at t = 0?

F?

Dept. of Bioengineering and Aerospace Engineering

2013/14

Aerodynamics

Sheet 2

Solutions
1. V

= /(r2 ) when r 0.

2. Streamlines: sin()/r = c, which can be expressed as x2 + (z b)2 = b2 with 2b = c. 3. Stagnation point: tS = Q/(2U ), which is equivalent to rS = Q/(2U ), S = . Dividing streamline: U r sin() + Q/(2 ) = Q/2. Force on source: Fx,f S = U Q. 4. Stagnation points: tS = (b2 + Qb/(U ))1/2 . Dividing streamline: Q/(2 ) atan(2zb/(x2 + z 2 b2 )) + U z = 0. 5. Stagnation points: tS = 0 and tS = a2 b2 . and tan(2)d = Q/(2r(t )2 )dt , where t stands for time. Trajectory: rdr = 3Q/(4 )dt 6. n = /. 7. Force over the plate: Fx = A2 /4, Fz = 0.

1 Contact

oflores@ing.uc3m.es if you detect any error in the solutions.

Dept. of Bioengineering and Aerospace Engineering

2013/14