CHAPTER 3

Graphing and Systems of Equations

Lesson 3.1: Paired Data and Graphing Ordered Pairs

Objectives: *Create a bar chart, scatter diagram, or line graph from a table of data. *Graph ordered pairs on a rectangular coordinate system.

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Vocabulary
Definition A pair of numbers enclosed in parentheses and separated by a comma, such as (-2,1), is called an ordered pair of numbers. The first number is called the x-coordinate of the ordered pair; the second number is called the y-coordinate. For the ordered pair (-2,1), the x-coordinate is -2, and the y-coordinate is 1.

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The Cartesian Plane

y-axis

Quadrant II (-x, y)

Quadrant I (x, y)

origin (0, 0) Quadrant III (-x, -y) Quadrant IV (x, -y)

x-axis

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Graphing an Ordered Pair

To graph the point corresponding to a particular ordered pair (a,b), you must start at the origin and move a units to the left of right (right if a is positive, left if a is negative), then move b units up or down (up if b is positive, down if b is negative).

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

Graphing an Ordered Pair

y-axis Quadrant II Quadrant I (0, 4) (-4, 2) (-6, 0) (5, 3)
3 units up Note that the order of the coordinates is very important, since (-4, 2) and (2, -4) are located in different positions.

x-axis
5 units right

(-3, -3)
Quadrant III

(2, -4) Quadrant IV

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Problem Set 3.1 (TB pp. 160-163)

Graph the following ordered pairs.

y-axis (0, 5) (3, 2) x-axis

1. (3, 2)
3. (-3,2) 13. (-4, -5/2)

17. (0,5)

(-3, 2)

(-4, -5/2)

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

Problem Set 3.1 (TB pp. 160-163)

Give the coordinates of each numbered point in the figure. 19. (-4,4) 23. (-3,0) 25. (2, -2) 27. (-5,-5) 25 27 23

y-axis

19

x-axis

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Problem Set 3.1 (TB pp. 160-163)

Graph the points (4,3) and (-4,-1), and draw a straight line that passes through both of them. Then answer the following questions 29. Does the graph (2,2) lie on the line? Yes 31. Does the graph (0,-2) lie on the line? No

y-axis

x-axis

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics

Problem Set 3.1 (TB pp. 160-163)

45. Jane takes a job at the local Marcys department store. Her job pays $8.00 per hour. The graph shows how much Jane earns for working from 0 to 40 hours in a week. a. List 3 ordered pairs that lie on the line graph. b. How much will she earn for working 40 hours?
$320 (5,40), (10,80), (15,120) Amount Earned ($)

350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 40 80 200 160 120

320 280 240

c. If her check for one week is $240, how many hours did she work? 30 hours d. She works 35 hours one week, but her paycheck before deductions are subtracted out is $260. Is this correct? Explain
No, she should receive $280 for working 35 hours.

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Hours worked

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Problem Set 3.1 (TB pp. 160-163)

Individual Practice: Homework Even Numbers Nos. 2, 4, 656

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