Physics 41 Homework #2 Chapter 16 Sereway 8

th
Edition

OQ: 3, 6 CQ: 6, 7, 8 P: 1, 4, 5, 6, 11, 16, 18, 20, 21, 29, 32, 42, 48, 53, 54

OQ: 3, 6


CQ: 6, 7, 8

P: 1, 4, 5, 6, 11, 16, 18, 20, 21, 29, 32, 42, 48, 53, 54
1. At t = 0, a transverse pulse in a wire is described by the function

y =
6
x
2
+ 3

where x and y are in meters. Write the function y(x, t) that describes this pulse if it is traveling
in the positive x direction with a speed of 4.50 m/s.


P16.1 Replace x by 4.5 x vt x t =

to get
( )
2
6
4.5 3
y
x t
=
(
+


(see plots)



4.Two points A and B on the surface of the Earth are at the same longitude and 60.0 apart in
latitude. Suppose that an earthquake at point A creates a P wave that reaches point B by
traveling straight through the body of the Earth at a constant speed of 7.80 km/s. The
earthquake also radiates a Rayleigh wave, which travels along the surface of the Earth in an
analogous way to a surface wave on water, at 4.50 km/s. (a) Which of these two seismic
waves arrives at B first? (b) What is the time difference between the arrivals of the two waves
at B? Take the radius of the Earth to be 6 370 km.

P16.4 (a) The longitudinal wave travels a shorter distance and is moving faster, so it will arrive at
point B first. The transverse takes more time and carries more energy!

(b) The wave that travels through the Earth must travel

a distance of
( )
6 6
2 sin30.0 2 6.37 10 m sin30.0 6.37 10 m R = =

at a speed of 7 800 m/s

Therefore, it takes
6
6.37 10 m
817 s
7 800 ms

=

The wave that travels along the Earths surface must travel

a distance of
6
rad 6.67 10 m
3
s R R

| |
= = =
|
\ .


at a speed of 4 500 m/s

Therefore, it takes
6
6.67 10
1482 s
4500

=

The time difference is 665 s 11.1 min =


5. (a) Let 10 3
4
u t x

= + 10 3 0
du dx
dt dt
= = at a point of constant phase


10
3.33 ms
3
dx
dt
= =

The velocity is in the positive -direction x .

(b)
( ) ( ) 0.100, 0 0.350 m sin 0.300 0.0548 m 5.48 cm
4
y

| |
= + = =
|
\ .


(c)
2
3 k

= = : 0.667 m = 2 10 f = = : 5.00 Hz f =

(d) ( ) ( ) 0.350 10 cos 10 3
4
y
y
v t x
t

| |
= = +
|
\ .

( ) ( )
, max
10 0.350 11.0 ms
y
v = =