Oracle9i: New Features for Administrators

Student Guide Volume One

D11318GC20 Edition 2.0 July 2002 D34916

Authors David Austin Harald van Breederode Ric Van Dyke Lex de Haan Michael Mller Jean-Francois Verrier Jim Womack

Copyright Oracle Corporation, 2002. All rights reserved. This documentation contains proprietary information of Oracle Corporation. It is provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and is also protected by copyright law. Reverse engineering of the software is prohibited. If this documentation is delivered to a U.S. Government Agency of the Department of Defense, then it is delivered with Restricted Rights and the following legend is applicable: Restricted Rights Legend Use, duplication or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions for commercial computer software and shall be deemed to be Restricted Rights software under Federal law, as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of DFARS 252.227-7013, Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software (October 1988). This material or any portion of it may not be copied in any form or by any means without the express prior written permission of Oracle Corporation. Any other copying is a violation of copyright law and may result in civil and/or criminal penalties. If this documentation is delivered to a U.S. Government Agency not within the Department of Defense, then it is delivered with Restricted Rights, as defined in FAR 52.227-14, Rights in Data-General, including Alternate III (June 1987). The information in this document is subject to change without notice. If you find any problems in the documentation, please report them in writing to Education Products, Oracle Corporation, 500 Oracle Parkway, Box SB-6, Redwood Shores, CA 94065. Oracle Corporation does not warrant that this document is error-free. Oracle is a registered trademark and all references to Oracle and Oracle products are trademarks or registered trademarks of Oracle Corporation. All other products or company names are used for identification purposes only, and may be trademarks of their respective owners.

Technical Contributors and Reviewers Bruce Ernst Lothar Flatz Scott Gossett Arturo Gutierrez Magnus Isaksson Martin Jensen Sushil Kumar Stefan Lindblad Russ Lowenthal Patricia McElroy Sujatha Muthulingam Pete Sharman Sabine Teuber John Watson Terry Wojtkunski Publisher John B. Dawson

Contents

Introduction to Oracle9i: New Features for Administrators Overview I-2 Outline I-3 Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) I-5 Migration I-6 New Terminology and Migration I-7 Database Upgrade Assistant (DBUA) I-8 iSQL*Plus I-9 Oracle9i Sample Schemas I-10 Five Sample Schemas I-11 Optional Schedule I-12 Student Preface I-13 Further Information I-14

1 Oracle Server Security Objectives 1-2 Connecting as the DBA 1-3 Example Connects 1-4 Stricter Default Security 1-5 Setting Passwords for SYS and SYSTEM 1-7 Auditing Administrative Users 1-8 GRANT ANY OBJECT PRIVILEGE System Privilege 1-9 Secure Application Role 1-10 Example Application Role 1-11 Global Application Context 1-12 Managing Global Application Context 1-13 Global Application Context Function 1-14 Global Context Example 1-15 Fine-Grained Access Control Enhancements 1-16 Policy Groups 1-17 Partitioned Fine-Grained Access Control 1-18 Virtual Private Database Support for Synonyms 1-19 Fine-Grained Audit 1-20 Fine-Grained Auditing Implementation 1-21 Fine-Grained Auditing Example 1-22 FGA Event Handler 1-23 Encryption Enhancements 1-24 Oracle Label Security 1-25 Oracle Login Server 1-26 Oracle Enterprise Login Assistant 1-27 Enterprise User Security Enhancements 1-28 Summary 1-29 Practice 1-1 Overview 1-30

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2 General High Availability Technology Objectives 2-2 Reducing Unplanned Downtime Overview 2-3 Minimal I/O Recovery 2-4 Fast-Start Time-Based Recovery Limit 2-8 Mean Time To Recover (MTTR) Advisory 2-13 Changes to Previous Parameters 2-14 Changes to V$INSTANCE_RECOVERY 2-15 Oracle Flashback Overview 2-16 Oracle Flashback 2-17 The AS OF Clause 2-19 Flashback Query Privileges 2-20 Oracle Flashback Example 2-21 Flashback Query and LOBs 2-22 LOB Flashback Considerations 2-24 Oracle Flashback and Oracle LogMiner 2-25 Resumable Space Allocation Overview 2-26 Resumable Space Allocation Life Cycle 2-27 Resumable Space Allocation Operations 2-29 Enable Session Resumable Space Allocation 2-30 DBMS_RESUMABLE Package 2-32 AFTER SUSPEND System Event 2-34 RESUMABLE System Privilege 2-36 DBA_RESUMABLE Dictionary View 2-37 Export/Import Enhancements (STATISTICS) 2-39 Export/Import Enhancements (TABLESPACES Mode) 2-40 Export/Import Enhancements (Resumable Space Allocation) 2-41 Export/Import Enhancements (Time Sensitivity) 2-42 Summary 2-43 Practice 2-1 Overview 2-44 Practice 2-2 Overview 2-45 Practice 2-3 Overview 2-46 3 Oracle9i LogMiner Enhancements Objectives 3-2 LogMiner New Features 3-3 DDL Statement Support 3-5 DDL Statement Support Example 3-6 Data Dictionary Access 3-7

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Dictionary Information in the Redo Logs 3-8 Using an Online Data Dictionary 3-9 DDL Tracking in the Dictionary 3-10 Dictionary Staleness Detection 3-11 Skip Past Log Corruptions 3-12 Display Only Committed Transactions Information 3-13 Database Supplemental Logging 3-14 Table Supplemental Logging 3-15 Primary Key Information 3-16 DBMS_LOGMNR_D.SET_TABLESPACE Procedure 3-18 LogMiner Restrictions 3-19 LogMiner Views 3-20 LogMiner Viewer 3-21 Summary 3-28 Practice 3-1 Overview 3-29 4 Backup and Recovery Objectives 4-2 RMAN Manageability Enhancements 4-3 Persistent Configuration Parameters 4-4 Retention Policies 4-5 CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY 4-6 Automatic Channel Allocation 4-7 CONFIGURE CHANNEL Command 4-8 CONFIGURE DEVICE Command 4-11 CONFIGURE BACKUP COPIES Command 4-12 CONFIGURE EXCLUDE Command 4-13 CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE and CONFIGURE AUXNAME Commands 4-14 CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP Command 4-15 Long Term Backups 4-16 Mirrored Backups 4-17 Backup File Optimization 4-18 Restartable Backups 4-19 Archive Log Backup 4-20 Backupset Backup 4-21 Restore File Optimization and Restartable Restore 4-22 Limiting Disk Space During Recovery 4-23 Integration of RMAN Enhancements with Enterprise Manager 4-24 Maintenance Wizard Backup Policy 4-25 Maintenance Wizard Retention Policy 4-26

Enterprise Manager Backup Wizard 4-27 Backup Wizard Deletion of Archived Logs 4-28 Backup Wizard Override RMAN Configuration 4-29 Recovery Wizard Restore Controlfile 4-30 Recovery Wizard Object Selection 4-31 Recovery Wizard Restore Until 4-32 RMAN Reliability Enhancements 4-33 Archive Log Failover and Automatic Log Switch 4-34 Backup Piece Failover 4-35 Block Media Recovery (BMR) 4-36 MTTR Reduction 4-37 Other BMR Benefits 4-38 BMR Recovery Manager Interface 4-39 Trial Recovery 4-43 Trial Recovery Allowing Corruptions of Data Blocks 4-46 Miscellaneous RMAN Enhancements 4-47 REPORT OBSOLETE Command 4-48 REPORT NEED BACKUP Command 4-50 Command Unification 4-51 LIST Command Improvements 4-52 LIST Command New Syntax 4-53 New SHOW Command 4-54 CROSSCHECK Autolocate 4-55 Duplicating Databases 4-57 Media Manager Function Call Diagnostics 4-58 Other RMAN Enhancements 4-59 Summary 4-60 Practice 4-1 Overview 4-61 Practice 4-2 Overview 4-62 5 Data Guard Overview Objectives 5-2 Standby Database History 5-3 What Is Data Guard? 5-4 Benefits of Using Data Guard 5-5 General Data Guard Architecture 5-7 Data Guard Broker and Data Guard Manager 5-9 Data Guard Manager 5-10 Types of Standby Databases 5-11 Physical Standby Processes Architecture 5-12 Logical Standby Processes Architecture 5-14

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Data Guard Broker Processes Architecture 5-15 Types of Services 5-17 Data Protection Modes 5-18 Log Archive Destination Attributes 5-20 Related Dictionary Views 5-21 Guarding Your Logical Standby 5-22 Enforce Logging of All Operations 5-23 Creating Standby Redo Logs 5-24 Managed Gap Recovery 5-25 Gap Sequence Detection 5-26 Gap Sequence Detection Configuration 5-27 Standby File Management 5-28 Background Managed Recovery Mode 5-29 Updating the Standby at a Lag 5-30 Physical Standby and Parallel Recovery 5-31 Types of Roles in Oracle 5-32 Role Management Services 5-33 Switchover and Failover Overview 5-34 Summary 5-35 6 Database Resource Manager Enhancements Objectives 6-2 Active Session Pool 6-3 Active Session Pool Mechanism 6-4 Active Session Pool Parameters 6-5 Setting the Active Session Pool: Example 6-6 Maximum Estimated Execution Time 6-7 Automatic Consumer Group Switching 6-8 Undo Quota 6-9 Changing Undo Quota 6-10 Modified Views to Support Database Resource Manager Extensions 6-11 Modified Catalog Tables and Views 6-12 An Example Using Several Resource Allocation Methods 6-13 Oracle Supplied Plans 6-15 Enterprise Manager Resource Manager 6-16 Summary 6-18 Practice 6-1 Overview 6-19 7 Online Operations Objectives 7-2 Online Index Rebuild 7-3 Index-Organized Table High Availability Enhancements 7-6
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Online Operations on IOTs Operations on Secondary Indexes 7-7 Online Operations on IOTs Online Update of Logical ROWIDs 7-8 Online Operations on IOTs Online Move 7-9 Online Table Redefinition 7-10 Using the DBMS_REDEFITION Package 7-13 Online Table Redefinition: SYNC and ABORT 7-15 Online Table Redefinition: Example 7-16 Online Table Redefinition Limitations 7-18 Online Analyze Validate 7-20 Quiesce Database Overview 7-21 Quiesce Database Benefits 7-22 Quiesce Database Syntax 7-23 Quiesce Database Limitations 7-24 Viewing the Quiesce State of an Instance 7-25 Server Parameter File (SPFILE) 7-26 What Is an SPFILE? 7-27 Creating an SPFILE 7-28 Viewing the Parameter Settings 7-29 Changing Parameter Values Within an SPFILE 7-30 STARTUP Command Behavior 7-31 Exporting an SPFILE 7-32 Example of an Exported SPFILE 7-33 Migrating to an SPFILE 7-34 Summary 7-35 Practice 7-1 Overview 7-36 Practice 7-2 Overview 7-37 8 Segment Management (Part I) Objectives 8-2 Global Index Maintenance During Partition DDLs 8-3 Benefits of Maintaining Global Indexes During DDL 8-4 Maintaining Global Indexes During DDL 8-5 Global Index Maintenance Support 8-6 Global Index Maintenance Limitations 8-7 Update or Rebuild Global Indexes? 8-8 Fast Partition Split Optimization 8-9 List Partitioning Overview and Benefits 8-10 List Partitioning Example 8-11 Default Partition for List Partitioning 8-12 List Partitioning Pruning 8-13

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ALTER TABLE ADD PARTITION 8-14 ALTER TABLE MERGE PARTITION 8-16 ALTER TABLE MODIFY PARTITION ADD VALUES 8-18 ADD VALUES and DEFAULT Partition 8-19 ALTER TABLE MODIFY PARTITION DROP VALUES 8-20 ALTER TABLE SPLIT PARTITION 8-22 List Partitioning Usage 8-24 Range-List Partitioning 8-26 Composite Partitioning Using a Template 8-27 Composite Partitioning and Template Example 8-28 Enhanced Parallel DML 8-29 Metadata API 8-30 Metadata API in Oracle9i 8-31 Metadata API in Oracle9i Browsing Example 8-32 Common Extraction, Transformation, and Loading Process 8-33 Pipelined Data Transformation in Oracle9i 8-34 Overview of External Tables 8-35 Applications of External Tables 8-36 Example of Defining External Tables 8-37 Querying External Tables 8-38 Privileges for External Tables 8-39 Defining External Tables Using SQL*Loader 8-40 Data Dictionary Information for External Tables 8-41 Changing External Data Properties 8-42 Summary 8-44 Practice 8-1 Overview 8-45 Practice 8-2 Overview 8-46 9 Segment Management (Part II) Objectives 9-2 Automatic Segment-Space Management 9-3 Automatic Segment-Space Management at Work 9-4 Creating an Automatic Space Management Segment 9-6 Creating an Automatic Space Management Segment: Example 9-7 Automatic Space Management Segment and Enterprise Manager 9-8 Modifications to the DBMS_SPACE Package 9-9 Block Space Management 9-10 DBMS_REPAIR Package 9-11 DBMS_REPAIR and PCTFREE Implementation 9-12 Modifications to Dictionary Views 9-13 Compatibility and Migration 9-14 Data Block Compression Overview 9-16

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Data Block Compression at Work 9-17 Creating Compressed Segments 9-18 Creating Compressed Segments Example 9-19 Achieving a Better Compression Ratio 9-21 Data Block Compression and Data Dictionary 9-24 Compatibility and Migration 9-25 What Is a Bitmap Join Index? 9-26 Advantages and Disadvantages 9-28 Example With Three Tables 9-29 Data Dictionary and Bitmap Join Indexes 9-30 Bitmap Join Indexes Restrictions 9-31 Summary 9-32 Practice 9-1 Overview 9-33 Practice 9-2 Overview 9-34 10 Performance Improvements Objectives 10-2 Identifying Unused Indexes 10-3 Enabling and Disabling Monitoring Index Usage 10-4 V$OBJECT_USAGE View 10-5 Skip Scanning of Indexes 10-7 Skip Scanning Index at Work 10-8 Cursor Sharing Enhancements 10-9 CURSOR_SHARING Parameter 10-11 Statistics Level Collection 10-12 V$STATISTICS_LEVEL 10-13 Segment-Level Statistics Overview 10-14 Tuning with Segment-Level Statistics 10-16 Segment-Level Statistics and EM 10-17 Cached Execution Plans 10-18 New View to Support Cached Execution Plans 10-19 New PLAN_HASH_VALUE Column in V$SQL 10-20 Row Source Execution Statistics 10-21 Cached Cursors and EM 10-22 New First Rows Optimization 10-23 New Gathering Statistic Estimates 10-24 New GATHER AUTO Option 10-26 Optimizer Dynamic Sampling Overview 10-27 Optimizer Dynamic Sampling at Work 10-28 OPTIMIZER_DYNAMIC_SAMPLING 10-29

Dynamic Sampling Levels 10-30 Dynamic Sampling Hints 10-31 Dynamic Sampling Examples 10-32 Optimizer Cost Model Enhancements 10-33 Gathering System Statistics 10-35 Gathering System Statistics Example 10-36 Summary 10-38 Practice 10-1 Overview 10-39 Practice 10-2 Overview 10-40 Practice 10-3 Overview 10-41 11 Real Application Clusters Objectives 11-2 Real Application Clusters Overview 11-3 Benefits of Real Application Clusters 11-4 Global Cache Service 11-5 Dynamic Resource Remastering 11-6 Global Cache Service Resource Modes 11-7 Global Cache Service Resource Roles 11-8 Block Transfers 11-9 Block Transfer Examples 11-11 Consistent Read Block Transfer 11-13 Cache Fusion Block Transfer 11-14 Benefits of Cache Fusion 11-17 High Availability Features 11-18 Real Application Clusters Guard 11-19 Real Application Clusters Guard Architecture 11-20 Monitors and Failover 11-21 Shared Initialization Parameter File 11-22 Shared Server-Side Parameter File 11-23 SRVCTL Commands 11-24 Real Application Clusters and OEM 11-25 OEM Instance Management Provisions 11-27 Background Processes 11-28 Initialization Parameters 11-29 Replaced Initialization Parameters 11-30 Obsolete Global Cache Parameters 11-31 Summary 11-32

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12 File Management Objectives 12-2 Oracle-Managed Files Overview 12-3 Who Can Use Oracle-Managed Files? 12-5 New Dynamic Initialization Parameters 12-6 OMF Example 12-7 OMF File Names Structure 12-8 Managing OMF Control Files: Database Creation 12-10 Impact of OMF on CREATE CONTROLFILE Command 12-11 Managing OMF Redo Log Files 12-13 Managing OMF Tablespaces 12-14 OMF Examples 12-16 OMF and Standby Databases 12-17 Automatically Drop Non-OMF Data Files 12-18 Enterprise Manager Delete Data Files 12-19 Default Temporary Tablespace 12-20 Create Default Temporary Tablespace at Database Creation Time 12-22 Alter Default Temporary Tablespace 12-23 Default Temporary Tablespace Restrictions 12-24 Enterprise Manager Creating Default Temporary Tablespace 12-25 FILESYSTEMIO_OPTIONS Parameter 12-26 Summary 12-27 Practice 12-1 Overview 12-28 Practice 12-2 Overview 12-29 13 Tablespace Management Objectives 13-2 Automatic Undo Management 13-3 Automatic Undo Management Concepts 13-4 Dynamic Extents Transfer 13-6 Specifying the Mode for Undo Space Management 13-7 Creating an Undo Tablespace at Database Creation Time 13-9 Creating an Undo Tablespace After Database Creation 13-10 Altering an Undo Tablespace 13-11 Dropping an Undo Tablespace 13-12 Switching Undo Tablespaces 13-13 Changing the Retention Period for Undo Information 13-15 Data Dictionary Views to Support Automatic Undo Management 13-17 New Data Dictionary View to Support Automatic Undo Management 13-18 New Parameters to Support Automatic Undo Management: Summary 13-19 Enterprise Manager Undo Tabbed Page 13-20

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Multiple Block Size Support 13-21 Standard Block Size 13-22 Nonstandard Block Sizes 13-23 Creating a Nonstandard Block Size Tablespace 13-24 Multiple Block Sizing Rules 13-25 Locally Managed SYSTEM Tablespace 13-26 Locally Managed SYSTEM Tablespace Restrictions 13-27 Creating a Locally Managed SYSTEM Tablespace at Database Creation Time 13-28 Migrating the SYSTEM Tablespace to a Locally Managed Tablespace 13-30 Summary 13-31 Practice 13-1 Overview 13-32 Practice 13-2 Overview 13-33 Practice 13-3 Overview 13-34 14 Memory Management Objectives 14-2 Automatic SQL Execution Memory Management 14-3 PGA Memory Management 14-4 Enabling Automatic SQL Execution Memory Management 14-5 New Statistics and Columns 14-7 Example 14-9 New Views to Support SQL Execution Memory Management 14-10 Example Use of V$SQL_WORKAREA 14-12 Tuning PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET 14-13 Enterprise Manager PGA Aggregate Target Advice 14-14 Dynamic SGA Concepts 14-15 The Granule 14-16 Dynamic Shared Pool 14-18 Shared Pool Advisory Statistics 14-19 Enterprise Manager Shared Pool Size Advice 14-21 Dynamic Large Pool 14-22 New Buffer Cache Parameters 14-23 Deprecated Buffer Cache Parameters 14-24 Dynamic Buffer Cache 14-25 Dynamic Buffer Cache Advisory Parameter 14-26 New View to Support Buffer Cache Advisory 14-27 Enterprise Manager Buffer Cache Size Advice 14-29 Dynamic SGA Resize Operations 14-30 Summary 14-32 Practice 14-1 Overview 14-33 Practice 14-2 Overview 14-34
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15 Enterprise Manager Enhancements Objectives 15-2 New Console Look and Feel 15-3 Launching Enterprise Manager Console 15-4 Console Launched Standalone 15-5 Connections Using Management Server 15-6 Stand-alone Connection Benefits 15-7 Stand-alone Connection Restrictions 15-8 Stand-alone Repository 15-9 HTML Database Reports 15-11 Database Configuration Report 15-12 User-Defined Events 15-13 User-Defined Event Tests 15-14 Event Handler 15-16 Blackout Enhancements 15-17 Job System Enhancements 15-18 Intelligent Agent Enhancements 15-19 Events Creation Enhancements 15-20 Job/Event Dynamic Modification 15-21 Apply Actions to Multiple Objects 15-22 E-mail-to-page E-mail Address 15-24 Schema Tree Simplification 15-25 Java Classes 15-26 Support for Message Transformation 15-27 SQL Scratchpad 15-28 Viewing Contents of a Package 15-29 Oracle Change Management Pack Enhancements 15-30 DB Propagate 15-32 Summary 15-33 16 SQL Enhancements Objectives 16-2 SQL:1999 Enhancements Overview 16-3 SQL:1999 Joins 16-4 Cross Joins 16-5 Equijoins 16-6 Join Predicates and the ON Clause 16-8 Three-Way Joins with the ON Clause 16-9 Natural Joins 16-10 Natural Join Example 16-11 Outer Joins 16-12 Outer Join Example 16-13 CASE Expression Enhancements 16-14
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Simple CASE Expressions 16-15 Searched CASE Expressions 16-16 NULLIF and COALESCE 16-17 Scalar Subqueries 16-18 Scalar Subquery Examples 16-19 Explicit Defaults 16-20 The MERGE Statement 16-21 Analytical Function Enhancements 16-22 WIDTH_BUCKET Function 16-24 WIDTH_BUCKET Example 16-25 Grouping Sets 16-26 Composite Columns 16-28 Concatenated Groupings 16-30 WITH Clause 16-31 WITH Clause Example 16-32 Rename Columns and Constraints 16-33 Constraint Enhancements 16-34 Explicit Index Control 16-35 Less Foreign Key Locking Overhead 16-36 Cached Primary Key Lookup 16-37 Constraints on Views 16-38 View Constraint Types 16-39 Create Constrained Views 16-40 Constrained View Maintenance 16-41 Index Scans and Function-Based Indexes 16-42 SELECT ... FOR UPDATE WAIT 16-43 Multi-table INSERT Statement 16-44 Multi-table INSERT Syntax 16-45 LONG to LOB Migration 16-46 PL/SQL Support for LOB Migration 16-47 Restrictions on LOB Migration 16-48 Common SQL Parser 16-49 Native PL/SQL Execution 16-50 PL/SQL Compilation 16-51 Summary 16-52 Practice 16-1 Overview 16-53 Practice 16-2 Overview 16-54 17 Globalization Support Objectives 17-2 Globalization Support 17-3 TIMESTAMP and INTERVAL Data Types 17-4
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TIMESTAMP and INTERVAL Example 17-5 TIMESTAMP Literals 17-6 INTERVAL Literals 17-7 TIMESTAMP Formats 17-8 Using Time Zones 17-9 Application or Server Time Zone Handling 17-11 Datetime/Interval Arithmetic 17-12 Datetime Functions 17-13 Datetime Conversion Functions 17-14 Datetime EXTRACT Function 17-15 Daylight Saving Time 17-16 Introduction to Unicode 17-17 Unicode Encodings 17-18 New Unicode Character Sets 17-20 Unicode Data Type 17-22 Migration and Unicode Issues 17-23 Choosing a Unicode Solution Scenario: Unicode Database 17-24 Choosing a Unicode Solution Scenario: Unicode Data Type 17-25 UNISTR Function 17-26 Unicode Character Forms 17-27 More Character Sets, Languages, and Territories 17-28 Linguistic Sorting 17-29 Multilingual Linguistic Sorts 17-30 Length Semantics 17-31 Implicit Type Conversion for NCHAR Data Type 17-33 SQL*Loader Unicode Support 17-34 SQL*Loader for Unicode Sample Control File 17-35 Character Set Scanner 17-36 Common Character Conversion Problems 17-37 Character Set Scanner Operation 17-39 Character Set Scanner Command 17-40 Character Set Scanner Output 17-41 Character Conversion 17-44 Oracle Locale Builder 17-46 Oracle Locale Builder Examples 17-47 New or Modified Globalization Settings 17-48 Summary 17-49 Practice 17-1 Overview 17-50

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18 Oracle Workspace Manager Objectives 18-2 What Is a Database Workspace? 18-3 Installing Workspace Manager 18-4 How Does Workspace Manager Work? 18-6 Workspace Manager Administrator Role 18-7 Enabling Versioning on a Table 18-8 Changes Due to Versioning 18-9 The History Option 18-11 DDL Operations and Version-Enabled Tables 18-12 DDL Operations and Version-Enabled Tables Example 18-13 Guidelines for Enabling Versioning on Tables 18-14 Disabling Versioning on a Table 18-16 Workspace Savepoints 18-17 Workspace or Savepoint? 18-18 Create a Workspace 18-19 Assign Workspace: Associate a User 18-20 Example of Versioning Rows in a Table 18-21 Assign Workspace: Grant Privileges 18-22 Workspace Manager Locks 18-24 Workspace Manager Lock Examples 18-25 Freeze a Workspace 18-26 Roll Back a Workspace 18-27 Refresh a Workspace 18-28 Resolve Workspace Conflicts 18-29 Conflict Resolution Example: Check for Existence of Conflicts 18-30 Merge a Workspace 18-31 Session Context Information 18-32 Compress Workspace or Workspace Tree 18-33 Compare Savepoints: Find Differences 18-34 Import and Export Considerations 18-35 Enterprise Manager Interface 18-36 Workspace Metadata Views 18-38 Summary 18-40 Practice 18-1 Overview 18-41 A Appendix A: Scalable Session State Management Oracle Shared Server Improvements A-3 Connection Establishment: Direct Handoff A-4 Common Event Model for Database and Network A-5 Performance Manager Monitoring A-6 Job Queue Infrastructure Changes A-7

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External Procedure Agent Enhancements A-8 Dedicated External Procedure Agents A-9 Libraries for External Procedures A-10 Example A-11 B Appendix B: Practices C Appendix C: Solutions

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