Current and Future Development Open Source Software And Latest Development in ICT

NAME CLASS NO.IC

: KAMESWARAN s/o RAVI : 4CEMERLANG : 971214-14-5689

1.0

Introduction - Operating system

- Open source 2.0

The Latest Open Source Operating System (OS) 2.1 Meaning of Open Source OS

2.2 Examples of Open Source OS 3.0

The Latest Open source Application Software 3.1 Meaning of Open Source Application Software

3.2 Examples of Open Source Application Software 4.0

The Latest Development in ICT 4.1 Hardware

4.2 Software 5.0

Pervasive Computing 5.1 Meaning of pervasive computing

5.2 Examples of pervasive computing 6.0

Conclusion Reference

1.0 Introduction
Free and open-source software (also known simply as Free software or Open source software) is software created by loose networks of people (both companies and individuals) who

collaborate for mutual benefit. The software they produce is also made available for anyone else to freely download, use and modify because the developers also publish the human readable source code used to create it.

Free Redistribution Source Code Derived Works Integrity of The Authors Source Code No Discrimination Againts Person or Groups No Discrimination Againts Fielld of Endeavor Distribution of License License Must Not Be Specific to a Product License Must Not Restrict Other Software License Must Be Technology-Neutral

2.0 The Latest Open Source Operating System (OS)

2.1 Meaning of open source OS

Open source software (OSS) is defined as computer software for which the source code and certain other rights normally reserved for copyright holders are provided under a software license that meets the Open Source Definition or that is in the public domain. This permits users to use, change, and improve the software, and to redistribute it in modified or unmodified forms. It is very often developed in a public, collaborative manner. Open source software is the most prominent example of open source development and often compared to user-generated content. The term open source software originated as part of a marketing campaign for free software. A report by Standish Group states that adoption of open source software models has resulted in savings of about $60 billion per year to consumers.

2.2 Example of open source OS

Linux A user friendly operating system based on KDE, the K Desktop Enviroment.With apredictable 6 month release cycle and part of the Ubuntu project, Kubuntu is the GNU/Linux distribution for everyone. Improved desktop, updated application sand increased usability features are just a few of the surprises with this latest release .Fedora Linux A Linux- based operating system that showcases the latest in free and open source software. Fedora is always free for anyone to use, modify, and distribute. It is built by people across the globe who work

together as a community: the Fedora Project. The Fedora Project is open and anyone is welcomed to join. Linux is a generic term referring to Unix-like computer operating systems based on the Linux kernel. Linux Kernel 2.6.30.1 latest release on 3 July 2009. Their development is one of the most prominent examples of free and open source software collaboration; typically all the under laying source code can be used, freely modified, and redistributed by anyone under the terms of the GNU GPL and other free licenses. Linux predominantly known for its use in servers,although it is installed on a wide variety of computer hardware, ranging from embedded devices and mobile phones to supercomputers. Linux distributions, installed on both desktop and laptop computers, have become increasingly commonplace in recent years, owing largely to the popular Ubuntu distribution and to the emergence of net books. The name "Linux" comes from the Linux kernel, originally written in 1991 by Linus Torvalds. The rest of the system, including utilities and libraries, usually comes from the GNU operating system announced in 1983 by Richard Stallman. The GNU contribution is the basis for the Free Software Foundations preferred name GNU/Linux. PC-BSD is a Unix-like, desktop-oriented operating system based on Free BSD.Latest version of PC-BSD is version 7.1. It is release on 10 April 2009. It aims to be easy to install by using a graphical installation program, and easy and ready-to-use immediately by providing KDE as the default, pre-installed graphical user interface. PC-BSD provides official binary Vidia and Intel drivers for easy hardware acceleration and an optional 3D desktop interface through Compiz Fusion. PC-BSD also contains a package management system which allows users to graphically install pre-built software packages from a single downloaded executable file, something uncommon on open source operating system. In August 2006 it was voted the most beginner friendly operating system by OSWeekly.com.

EXAMPLE 2

Ubuntu 12.04 Ubuntu12.04 release on 5 february 2012, code-named"Precise Pangolin", the Ubuntu developers have released the latest version of the popular Linux distribution to their users. Thesix-monthly Ubuntu release cycle is organised so that every two years, a version is labelled asaLong Term Supportrelease and 12.04 is the latest of these. LTS versions were historicallysupported for three years on the desktop and five years on the server side, but with Precise, thishas been changed to five years of support for both editions. The character of an LTS releaseimplies a focus on stability and polish, as it has to be supported for a long time, and with fiveyears of planned support for the desktop version, the Ubuntu developer community has set itself a big task to fulfill. This is reflected in the changes that have been included in the newestversion: new features are mostly concerned with polishing the user interface and making theunderlying technologies more stable.

3.0 The Latest Open Source Application Software 3.1Meaning of open source application software
Application software is the general designation of computer programs for performing user tasks. Application software may be general purpose (word processing, web browsers) or have a specific purpose (accounting, truck scheduling). Application software

contrasts with system software, a generic term referring to the computer programs used to start and run computer systems and networks; and programming tools, such as compilers and linkers, used to translate and combine computer program source code and libraries into executable programs (programs that will belong to one of the three said categories. Open source refers to a program in which the source code is available to the general public for use and/or modification from its original design free of charge. Open source code is typically created as a collaborative effort in which programmers improve upon the code and share the changes within the community. Open source sprouted in the technological community as a response to proprietary software owned by corporations Open source application software is the general designation of computer program for performing user tasks that is the source code is available to the general public for use or modification from its original design free of charge.

3.2Examples of open source application software

Mozilla Thunderbird is a free, open source, cross-platform e-mail and news client developed by the Mozilla Foundation. It latest release is on 22 June 2009 in version 2.0.0.22. The project strategy is modeled after Mozilla Firefox, a project aimed at creating a web browser. On December 7, 2004, version 1.0 was released, and received over 500,000 downloads in its first three days of release, and 1,000,000 in 10 days. Originally launched as Minotaur shortly after Phoenix (the original name for Mozilla Firefox), the project failed to gain momentum. With the success of the latter, however, demand increased for a mail client to go with it, and the work on Minotaur was revived under the new name, and migrated to the new toolkit developed by the Firefox team.

-Open Office is an office application set (for word processing spread sheet manipulation , picture drawing and data base access) compatible with all other major office application sets such as Office and available for Windows and Mac well as Linux Unix system.

4.0The Latest Development in ICT 4.1Hardware(Compare)

a)Lexmark X8350(Previous) b)Lexmark X9575 Professional(Latest)

-Lexmark X8350 is a printer that can prints up to 19 ppm colour and up to 25ppm black. -This printer also can print, copy, scan, fax, reduce and enlarge photos and documents. -The exclusive Lexmark Photo Editor Software enhances photos. -Beside that, this printer also can fax with 89 speed dials and 10 groups with 30 numbers per group, 5 quick dial buttons, Caller ID and distinctive ring detection. -Users also can adjust ringer volume, call waiting disable capability, automatic redial, confirmation,error and activity reports, broadcast transmission and delayed transmission, junk faxblock, auto Answer Button and scan before dial. Fax forwarding & print, BVRP Host Fax Solution, Print-toFax via Lexmark N4000e or N4050e print server with sendonly. -The printer can support Compact Flash Type I & II, Memory Stick, Memory Stick Pro, Memory Stick Duo with adapter, Microdrive, Multi Media, Secure Digital,Mini Secure Digital (Mini SD), Smart Media and XD cards.

-Lexmark X9575 Professional let users gain freedom and flexibility with built-in 802.11g wireless technology. -Compatible with Wi-Fi certified IEEE802.11g/b/n. -High quality printing from virtually anywhere over a secure wireless network. -Share the Lex mark X9575 among multiple computers. In addition, users can fax up to 50-pages capacity Auto Document Feeder (ADF) for multiple page faxingand copying. - Standalone black and color faxing with 33.6 Kbps modem speed 99-speed dials, automatic redial, supports caller ID and up to 100-page fax memory. - User also can view and edit photos as large as 2.4" (6 cm) color display, print directly from digital memory card, Pict Bridge compatible digital cameras or USB Flash drive and fast border less photos on popular photo sizes. - Lex mark Productivity Studio Software makes it easy to crop, rotate, resize photos and apply photo effects, plus 1-touch color fix and red eye reduction. -This printer can also scan flatbed scanner with 48-bit color depth; 16-bit gray scale. The resolution is up to 1200 x 4800 dpi optical resolution. - It also have function that can copy with 1touch PC-free copying (color or black) 1 to 99copies at a time. -This printer also allows users to print fast. It is up to 33 ppm black and 28 ppm color printing. It also can print Microsoft Office documents and PDFs directly from USB Flash drives.

4.2 Software

(Compare)
b) Adobe Photoshope CS6 (LATEST)

a)Adobe Photoshop CS5 (Previous)

-Adobe photoshop cs5 was released on 26 January 2010: Features - Smart Radius, The Smart Radius feature easily creates accurate selections of fine and detailed components. - Content-Aware Fill, Clean removal of unwanted photo elements - Easily remove any image component, person or object. -Mini Bridge, it displays as a panelized version of

-Adobe photoshop cs6 was released on 23april 2012: Added new features-The Bottom Line, Since Creative Suite 3,Photoshop comes in a Standard version aswell as an Extended version with specializedtools and features for the video, engineering,architecture, manufacturing, science, andmedical fields. - Pros, ultimate flexibility and more non-destructive editing and time-saving tools witheach update

Bridge. .- Cons, hot shop CS6 marks the end of support for 32-bit Macintosh systems.

5.0 Pervasive Computing 5.1 Meaning of pervasive computing

The idea that technology is moving beyond the personal computer to every day devices with embedded technology and connectivity as computing devices become progressively smaller and more powerful. Also called ubiquitous computing,pervasive computing is the result of computer technology advancing at exponential speeds - a trend toward all manmade and some natural products having hardware and software. Pervasive computing goes beyond the realm of personal computers. It is the idea that almost any device, from clothing to tools to appliances to cars to homes to the human body to your coffee mug, can be imbedded with chips to connect the device to an infinite network of other devices. The goal of pervasive computing, which combines current network technologies with wireless computing, voice recognition, Internet capability and artificial intelligence, is to create an environment where the connectivity of devices is embedded in such a way that the connectivity is unobtrusive and always available.

5.2 Examples of pervasive computing

Smart phone A smart phone is a mobile phone offering advanced capabilities, often with PC-like functionality. There is no industry standard definition of a smart phone. For some,a smart phone is a phone that runs complete operating system software providing a standardized interface and platform for application developers. For others, a smart phone is simply a phone with advanced features like e-mail, Internet and e-book reader capabilities, and/or a built-in full keyboard or external USB keyboard and VGA connector. In other words, it is a miniature computer that has phone capability.Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)A personal digital assistant (PDA) is a hand held computer, also known as a palmtop computer. Newer PDA also have both color screens and audio capabilities, enabling them to be used as mobile phones, web browsers, or portable media players. Many PDA can access the Internet via Wi-Fi, or Wireless Wide-Area Networks (WWAN).Many PDA employ touch screen technology.

Example 2

Smart TV, which is also sometimes referred to as "Connected TV" or "Hybrid TV", (not to be confused with Internet TV, Web TV, or LG Electronics's upcoming "SMART TV" branded NetCast Entertainment Access devices), is the phrase used to describe the current trend of integration of the internet and Web 2.0 features into modern television sets and set-top boxes, as well as the technological convergence between computers and these television sets /set-top boxes. These new devices most often also have a much higher focus on online interactive media, Internet TV, over-the-top content, as well as on-demand streaming media, and less focus on traditional broadcast media like previous generations of television sets and set-top boxes always have had. The technology that enables Smart TVs is not only incorporated into television sets, but also devices such as set-top boxes, Blue-ray players, game consoles, and other companion devices. These devices allow viewers to search and find videos, movies, photos and other content on the web, on a local cable TV channel, on a satellite TV channel, or stored on a local hard drive.

6.0 Conclusion

Open Source can be used by anyone and because it has no copyright claims, so users are free to use, change, and improve the software, and to redistribute it in modified orunmodified forms. Pervasive Computing is to make our lives easier because we can interact with computers. Besides that, we can easily give the computer commands and the computer will grant your wish.

References

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/pervasive_computing http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_source_software http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_source http://hitachi-id.com/concepts/operating_system.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_software http://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia_term/0,2542,t=pervasive+computing&i=49146,00. asp http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-BSD http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozilla_Thunderbird http://store.apple.com/us/product/TR039LL/A?mco=MzE4MzgzNw http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_TV http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_phone http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_office