T.M.C.O.

N NURSING EDUCATION

LESSON PLAN ON pain

SUBMITTED TO: Miss.Ramaya, Lecturer, T.M.C.O.N.

SUBMITTED BY: Supriya M.Sc. (Nsg.) 1st year, T.M.C.O.N.

SUBMITTED ON: 7/11/2012

IDENTIFICATION DATA

NAME: CLASS: SUBJECT: TOPIC: VENUE: TIME: DURATION: DATE: A.V. AIDS:

Supriya Bsc nursing 1st year anatomy pain and its types Classroom

1Hour 19/10/2012 blackboard, L.C.D

METHODS OF TEACHING: Lecture cum Discussion NAME OF EVALUATOR: Mrs. Ramaya

Previous knowledge of students about the topic: Students have knowledge about pain and its type.

OBJECTIVES

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

Students point of view: At the end of the session, Students will be able to explain the pain and can be able to know about the management of pain.

Teachers point of view: Student teacher will be able to provide thorough knowledge about the topic, conduct the class confidently with A.V. aids and will be able to clarify the doubts of the students about the topic.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

Students will be able to define pain. Students will be able to explain the type of pain one by one Students will be able to explain management of pain

TIME

SPECIFIC OBJECTIV ES

CONTENT

TEACHING LEARNING ACTIVITIES

EVALUATIO N

2min. TEACHING LEARNING ACTIVITIES CONTENT INTRODUCTION: Pain is the most common reason for physician consultation It is a major symptom in many medical conditions, and can significantly interfere with persons quality of life and general functioning. it is an unpleasant feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli, such as stubbing a toe, burning a finger, putting alcohol on a cut, The International Association for the Study of Pain's widely used definition states: Define pain. EVALUTION

TIME

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE

2min

Definition of pain
2min. To define pain Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage

Classification
classified pain according 10min To explain to specific characteristics: the (1) region of the body classificatio involved (e.g., abdomen, n. lower limbs), (2) system whose dysfunction may be causing the pain (e.g., nervous, gastrointestinal), (3) duration and pattern of occurrence, ( 4) Intensity and time since onset. Duration Explain classification

CHRONIC PAIN
Chronic Pain Chronic pain is pain that persists for more than 3 months. Chronic pain is more difficult for a doctor to assess than acute pain because the pain levels may go up and down without any change to an injured or damaged area. Chronic pain, whether somatic or visceral, can affect a person's life dramatically. It can impede daily activities and make simple things difficult. Chronic visceral pain may indicate a serious health condition such as cancer. If you are

suffering from chronic pain, discuss your treatment options with your doctor to find the root of the problem and develop an appropriate treatment plan. Pain is usually transitory, lasting only until the noxious stimulus is removed or the underlying damage or pathology has healed, but some painful conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, peripheral neuropathy, cancer and idiopathic pain, may persist for years. Pain that lasts a long time is called chronic,

ACUTE PAIN
2min. Pain that resolves quickly is called acute pain.

To explain somatic pain.

NOCICEPTIVE
Nociceptive pain may also be divided into 1.visceral 2.deep somatic 3superficial somatic pain 4. Referral pain What are the types of nociceptive?

6min

SOMATIC PAIN
Generally well-localized pain that results from the activation of peripheral nociceptors without injury to the peripheral nerve or central nervous system. Somatic pain is a type of nociceptive pain. The nerves that detect somatic pain are located in the skin and deep tissues. These specialized nerves, called nociceptors, pick up sensations related to temperature, vibration and swelling in the skin, joints and muscles. If you cut your skin, the pain you experience is somatic pain. You also experience somatic pain if you stretch a muscle too far or exercise for a long period of time. Nociceptors send impulses to the brain when they detect some kind of tissue damage Most somatic pain responds well to over-thecounter medications such as NSAIDs or other analgesics. It usually fades once the injury heals, however somatic pain lasting longer than expected can become chronic pain Somatic pain

Define somatic pain?

is referred to as musculoskeletal pain. It is found in tissue such as skin and muscles as well as in joints, bones and ligaments. Somatic pain is often characterized as a sharp pain localized in a specific area of injury. Swelling, cramping and bleeding may exist with somatic pain. This classification of pain responds to a variety of medications, including opioids and no steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Some examples of somatic pain include certain types of headaches as well as some types of pelvic 5min To explain visceral pain.

Visceral Pain
Visceral pain is another type of nociceptive pain located within the main body cavity due to injury or illness to an internal organ. The three main centres for visceral pain are the thorax, abdomen and pelvis. The pain receptors in the visceral cavities respond to stretching, swelling and oxygen deprivation. Opioids are the most effective pain medication for this classification of

Define visceral pain?

pain, which feels like a deep ache with cramping. Visceral pain may radiate to other locations in the back and chest. Visceral Pain is pain that results from the activation of nociceptors of the thoracic, pelvic, or abdominal viscera (organs ). Visceral structures are highly sensitive to distension (stretch), ischemia and inflammation, but relatively insensitive to other stimuli that normally evoke pain such as cutting or burning. Visceral pain is diffuse, difficult to localize and often referred to a distant, usually superficial, structure. It may be accompanied by symptoms such as nausea, vomit, changes in vital signs as well as emotional manifestations. The pain may be described as sickening, deep, squeezing, and dull Distinct structural lesions or biochemical abnormalities explain this type of pain in only a proportion of patients. These diseases are grouped under gastrointestinal

neuromuscular diseases (GINMD). Others can experience visceral pains, often very intense in nature, without any evidence of structural, biochemical or histolopathologic reason for such symptoms. These diseases are grouped under functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) and the path physiology and treatment can vary greatly from GINMD. The two major single entities among functional disorders of the gut are functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome As visceral pain changes in nature as it progresses.

4min.

To explain the referred pain

Referred pain
Referred pain is sharper, better localized, and less likely to be accompanied by autonomic or emotional signs. Referred pain (also reflective pain) is pain perceived at a location other than the site of the painful stimulus. An example is the case of ischemia brought on by What is referred pain?

a myocardial infarction (heart attack), where pain is often felt in the neck, shoulders, and back rather than in the chest, the site of the injury 6min

Pain management
Inadequate treatment of pain is widespread throughout surgical wards, intensive care units, accident and emergency departments, in general practice, in the management of all forms of chronic pain including cancer pain, and in end of life care. This neglect is extended to all ages, from neonates to the frail elderly. Acute pain is usually managed with medications such as analgesics and anaesth etics. Management of chronic pain, however, is much more difficult and may require the coordinated efforts of a pain management team, which typically includes medical practitioners, clinical psychologists, physiothera pists, occupational therapists, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners . Individuals

What is the pain management ?

with more social support experience less cancer pain, take less pain medication, report less labour pain and are less likely to use epidural anaesthesia during childbirth or suffer from chest pain after coronary artery bypass surgery

ABSTRACT October 17, 2012, 3:20 PM Henry Gonzalez Convention Canter, Room 207B, Concourse Level Dawn Ferris, Soil Science Society of America. This presentation had given an overview of the life of a consultant from an entry level position to the management level. The talk was designed to provide those getting ready to enter the job market with a realistic look at what a career in environmental consulting is like, both the positive and the things to be aware of/prepared for as individual consider this career path. Examples of the needed skills, as well as expectations of employers and clients will be provided. Ample time for discussion from other consultants attending the session and time for the audience to ask questions of people in the consulting field was provided.