TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page ABSTRACT LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND 1.1 Background of the Study 1.2 Objectives 1.3 Significant of the Study 1.4 Scope and Limitations 1.4.1Location 1.4.2Time Frame 1.4.3 Site Survey 1.4.4 Equipment Condition Assessment 1.4.5 Method 1.4.6 Evaluation 5 5 5 1 3 3 4 4 4 4 i ii iv

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 6

2.1 Power System Aging 2.2 Power transformer Condition Monitoring and Assessment for Strategic Benefits 2.3 Reliability of Main Transformer 7

2.4Hydropower Asset Management Using Condition Assessments and Risk-Based Economic Analyses 2.5 Equipment Condition Assessment and Its Importance in Estimation and Prediction of Power System Reliability 10 8

CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

11 12 12 12 13 13

3.1 Site Survey 3.1.1 Data Gathering

3.1.2 Equipment Inspection 3.1.2.1 Power Transformers 3.1.2.2 Voltages and Voltage Regulators 3.1.2.3 Oil Vacuum, SF6 and Air Blast Circuit Breaker 3.1.2.4 OCRs and Oil Switches 3.1.2.5 Air Break and Disconnect Switches 3.1.2.6 Lightning Arresters 3.1.2.7 High Voltage Fuses 3.2 Equipment Condition Assessment 3.2.1 Equipment Condition Indicator-Tier 1 3.2.2 Data Quality Indicator Test 3.2.3 Equipment Condition Indicator- Tier 2 3.3Equipment Evaluation

13 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 17

3.3.1 Inspection Data Evaluation 3.3.2 Equipment Condition Evaluation 3.4 Validation of Results

17 18 18

CHAPTER IV PRESENTATION AND INSPECTION OF EQUIPMENT 4.1 Data Gathering 4.2 Equipment Inspection 4.2.1 Power Transformer 4.2.2 Surge Arrester 4.2.3 Circuit Breaker 4.2.4 Recloser 4.2.5 Disconnect Switch 4.2.6 Relay Panels 4.2.7 Potential Transformer 4.2.8 Current Transformer 19 19 20 24 25 26 26 27 28 28

CHAPTER V EQUIPMENT CONDITION INDICATOR TESTS RESULTS 5.1 Power Transformer 5.1.1Tier 1 Results 5.1.1.1 Insulating Oil Analysis 5.1.1.2 Power Factor and Excitation Current Test 5.1.1.3 Operation and Maintenance History 33 33 30 30 30

5.1.1.4 Age 5.1.2Data Quality 5.1.3Summary of Scores of Tier 1 5.1.4 Tier 2 Results 5.1.4.1 Turns Ratio Test 5.1.4.2 Core-to-Ground Resistance Test 5.1.4.3 Short Circuit Test 5.1.4.4 Winding DC Resistance Test 5.1.5 Summary of Scores of Tier 1 5.1.6 Condition-Based Alternatives 5.2 Surge Arrester

34 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 38 39 40

CHAPTER VI CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 6.1 Conclusion 6.2 Recommendations REFERENCES APPENDICES A B C D E F Transformer Condition Assessment Scoring 47 56 58 59 62 63 42 42 44

Surge Arrester Condition Assessment Scoring Gantt Chart of Activities Questionnaires and Related Supporting Documents Equipment Condition Indicator Test Documentation Single Line Diagram of New Society Substation