Road Safety

Rules for Drivers Traffic Light Signals Arms Signals Signal by Police Officer Traffic Sign Boards Road marking Marking on edge of the road Other road marking Safe Distance Safe Distance Chart Mobile Phone Slow moving traffic Driving in built up area Highways How to use a road Overtaking Using the road Pedestrian Crossing Road user need extra care Adverse Weather Fog Parking Railway Crossing Accident and break down Motor way Traffic signs Road safety for Pedestrian

Rules For Drivers

Before Moving Should Ensure That:
o o

You have planned your route and allowed sufficient time; Clothing and foot wear do not disturb your vehicle control.

You Should Check That:

o o o

You have sufficient fuel for your journey; Your seat, mirror and staring wheel are properly adjusted; Head rests are adjusted properly to reduce the risk of neck injuries in the event of an accident

Usage Of Seat Belt

You must wear seat belt if it is available. The drivers must ensure that children under the age of 14 in vehicles use seat belts or an approved child restraint where required.

Seat Belt Chart

This table explains the legal requirement for wearing seat belt in vehicles. FRONT SEAT DRIVER CHILD under 3 years of age Seat belt MUST be worn if fitted Correct child restraint MUST be used Correct child restraint MUSTbe used. If one is not available in a taxi, may travel unrestrained Correct child restraint MUSTbe used where seat belts fitted. If correct child restraint is not available: - in a licensed taxi or private hire vehicle.or - for reasons of unexpected necessity over a short distance.or REAR SEAT RESPONSIBLE PERSONS DRIVER DRIVER

CHILD from 3rd birthday up to .35 meters in height (or 12th birthday, whichever they reach first)

Correct child restraint MUST be used

DRIVER

- where two occupied child restraints prevent fitment of a third, then adult seat belt MUSTbe used CHILD over 1.35 meters (approx 4ft 5ins) in height, or 12 or 13 years ADULTpassengers (ie 14 years and over)
o o o o o o o

Adult seat beltMUST be worn if available

Adult seat belt MUST be worn if available

DRIVER

Seat belt MUST be worn if available

Seat belt MUST be worn if available

PASSENGER

Restless driving increases your accident risk. To minimize it: make sure that you are fit to drive; dont drive continues, take a brake; natural alertness is minimum between 12am to 6am, avoid driving during this time; plan your journey to take sufficient rest; a minimum break of a least 15 minutes after every two hours continuous driving is recommended ; if you feel at all sleepy, park your vehicle in a safe place. Dont stop on the hard shoulder of road. The most effective ways to counter sleepiness are to take a short nap of up to 15 minutes or take two cup of tea or coffee, take fresh air, exercise or turning up the radio may help for a short time but these are not effective nears. Vision You must be able to read a vehicle number plate from a distance of 67 feet near about five car lengths in good daylight. If you use glasses or contact lenses, you must always wear them when driving. Alcohol and Driving You must not drive with alcohol. Alcohol will:

o o o o o

give a false sense of confidence ; reduce co-ordination and slow down human body reactions ; false judgment of speed, distance and risk. reduce your driving ability; take time to leave your body.

Influence of Medicine You must not drive under the influence of medicine. Signals
o o o o o o

Signals inform and warn other road users about your intended actions. You should: give clear signals. cancel them after use; make sure that your signal will not confuse others ; watch the signals given by other road users and proceed only when you are safe; you must obey signals given by police officers and signs used by school crossing patrols.

Traffic Light Signals, Traffic Signs Boards And Road

Markings

You must obey all traffic light signals, traffic signs boards and road markings. Make sure you understand and act on all traffic signs and road mar king. You can face such type of traffic signals and road marking while driving: a. b. c. d. e. f. signals to other road users. arm signals. signal by police officer. traffic light signals . traffic sign boards. road markings.

I want to move out to the right or turn right

Brake Light Signals

I want to move in to the left or turn left or stop on the left

I am applying the brakes

I am reversing my vehicle

RED means 'Stop'. Wait behind the stop line on the carriageway.

RED AND YELLOW also means 'Stop'. Do not pass through or start until GREEN shows. YELLOW means 'Stop' at the stop line. You may go on only if the YELLOW appears after you have crossed the stop line or are so close to it that to pull up might cause an accident.

GREEN means you may go on if the way is clear. Take special care if you intend to turn left or right and give way to pedestrians who are crossing.

A GREEN ARROW may be provided in addition to the full green signal if movement in a certain direction is allowed before or after the full green phase. If the way is clear you may go but only in the direction shown by the arrow. You may do this whatever other lights may be showing. White light signals may be provided for trams.

These Signals Should Be Used Only For The Purposes Described.

Arm Signals

For use when direction indicator signals are not working, or when necessary to reinforce direction, indicator signals and stop signal.

I want to move in to the left or I want to move out to the turn left right or turn right

I want to slow down or stop

Signal By Police Officer

Stop

Traffic coming from the front To indicate traffic on

Traffic coming From Traffic coming from both front and behind behind

From the side

From the front

From behind *

Arm signals to persons controlling traffic

I want to go straight on I want to turn left; use either hand

I want to turn right

Traffic Sign Boards

Basically, shape wise traffic sign boards are in three types

Mandatory sign board signs with red circle are called mandatory sign boards, giving orders for road users. Warning sign board signs with red triangular shape are called warning on the road. Informatory sign board signs with green, blue or black color square are called informatory sign board, giving some information to road users. warning sign indicating some

Mandatory Sign Board Cautionary Signs Board Informatory Signs Board

These Signs are compulsory to obay and every one driving on the is bound to follow these rules. The voilation commited by you against these signs will cause fine/Challan for you.

Straight Prohibitedor no entry

One way signs-vehicles prohibited in one direction

Vehicles prohibited in both direction

All vehicles prohibited

Trucks prohibited

Bullock carts & hand carts direction

Bullock carts direction

Tongas direction

Hand carts direction

Cycles prohibited

Pedestrians prohibited

Right turn prohibited

Left turn prohibited

U- turn prohibited

Overtaking prohibited

Horns prohibited

No Parking

No stopping or standing

Speed limit

Width limit

Height limit

Length limit

Load limit

Axle load limit

Compulsory bus stop

Restriction ends sign

Compulsory cycle track

Compulsory sound horn

Compulsory keep left

Compulsory turn left

Compulsory turn right ahead

Compulsory ahead or turn right

Compulsory ahead or turn left

Compulsory ahead

Stop

Give way

Road Markings
Road marking is used on a road surface in order to convey official information. Road markings provide guidance and information to the drivers and pedestrian.

Marking In The Centre Of The Road 1. 2.

3.

4.

(You can overtake

(Over taking) (prohibited)

Marking On The Edge Of The Road

(You can park) (You cant park except in emergency)

(broken line side Vehicles can overtake but carefully, continuous line side vehicles cant overtake)

(No stoppage)

Marking Across The Road (Stop Lines)

(Stop line at signals) (Stop line at stop sign) (Stop line for pedestrians at a crossing)

(Give way to traffic on major road)

(Give to traffic from the right at a round about)

Other Road Marking

(Box junction)

(Bus stop only for PSVs)

(Bus lane only for buses)

(Parking space reserved)

(Warning of Give Way just ahead)

(Indicating you lane)

(Zebra crossing) (Dont block that part of the road)

Road Studs
Road studs are reflective and may be used on the surface of carriageway:

white studs mark the lanes or the centre of the road; red studs mark the left edge of the road;

yellow studs mark the central reservation of a dual carriageway; green studs mark the edge of the main road at side roads and slip roads.

Lightings
26
o o o o o o

You must:

use head lights at night; use headlight when visibility is poor; ensure that all side lights and rear registration plate lights are lit at night; use dipped headlight at night in built-up areas and in dull daytime weather; keep your headlights dipped when overtaking or crossing any other vehicle; slow down and if necessary stop, if you are dazzled by oncoming headlights.

You Must Not:

o o

use any light which would cause discomfort to other road users; use front and rear fog lights when visibility is poor, when visibility improves switch them off.

Hazard Lights
Hazard lights may be used only when your vehicle is stationary, to warn that it is temporarily obstructing traffic.

Road Studs
Road studs are reflective and may be used on the surface of carriageway:

white studs mark the lanes or the centre of the road; red studs mark the left edge of the road; yellow studs mark the central reservation of a dual carriageway; green studs mark the edge of the main road at side roads and slip roads. Lightings

26

You must:

o o o o o o

use head lights at night; use headlight when visibility is poor; ensure that all side lights and rear registration plate lights are lit at night; use dipped headlight at night in built-up areas and in dull daytime weather; keep your headlights dipped when overtaking or crossing any other vehicle; slow down and if necessary stop, if you are dazzled by oncoming headlights. You must not:

o o

use any light which would cause discomfort to other road users; use front and rear fog lights when visibility is poor, when visibility improves switch them off. Hazard lights Hazard lights may be used only when your vehicle is stationary, to warn that it is temporarily obstructing traffic.

Safe Distances
Drive at a speed that can allow you to stop at a safe distance. e.

You should:

o o

keep enough space from vehicle in front; keep at least two second gap in built up areas and three second gap from vehicle in front. The gap should be doubled on wet roads.

Safe Distance Chart

a. b.

use the middle lane only for overtaking or turning right. Remember, you have no more right to use the middle lane than a driver coming from the opposite direction; do not use the right-hand lane. Where a single carriageway has four or more lanes, use only the lanes that signs

or markings indicate. Dual Carriageways On a two-lane dual carriageway you should stay in the left-hand lane. Use the right-hand lane for overtaking or turning right. If you use it for overtaking move back to the left-hand lane when it is safe to do so. On a three-lane dual carriageway, you may use the middle lane or the right-hand lane to overtake but return to the left-hand lane as soon as possible. General Advice You must:

drive with carefully. drive with reasonable consideration for other road users. You must not drive or park your vehicle on a footpath. Dont treat speed limits as a target.it is often not so safe Always prepared for unexpected or difficult situations. At the junctions, be prepared for vehicles emerging. You should always: to drive at the maximum speed limits.

be patient, remember that anyone can make a mistake. try to understand that if other drivers cause problem.they may be inexperienced or unknown with the area; be cool if someone is behaving roughly on the road. This will only make the situation worse. Pull over, calm down and continue your journey if your feel relaxed, then continues. slow down and hold back if vehicle pulls out into your path, allow it to get cle ar. Dont over react by driving too close. Avoid distractions when driving such as:

loud music; turning a radio or inserting a cassette or CD; arguing with your passenger or other road users; eating and drinking.

Mobile Phone
You must make proper control of your vehicle at all times. You must not use a mobile phone or hand free device while driving or supervising a learner driver, call 15, 130, 1122, and 1124 in a genuine emergency when it is unsafe to stop while then use.Slow Moving Traffic You should:

o o

never get so close to the vehicle in front that you cant stop safely. leave enough space to be able to move on. Driving in Built up Areas45. You should drive more carefully and slowly on streets where there are likely to be pedestrians, cyclists motorcyclists and parked cars. Look out for:

o o o o o o

vehicles emerging from junctions. vehicles moving off. car doors openings. pedestrians . children running out from homes. Cyclists and motorcyclists. Highways Take extra care on highways and reduce your speed at approaches to bends, which can be sharper then they appear, and at minor junctions and turnings, which may be partially hidden. Be prepared for pedestrians, animal drawn vehicles, cattle, cyclists and motorcyclists walking in the road. You must also reduce your speed where highways enter in populated areas.

How To Use A Road

Before Moving Off
You should:

o o o o

use all mirrors to check the road is clear; look round to check the blind spots (the areas you are unable to see in the mirror); signal if necessary before moving out; move off only when it is safe to do so.

Once Moving
You should:

o o o o o o

keep to the left, unless road signs or markings indicate otherwise. The exceptions are when you want to overtake, turn right or to pass parked vehicles or pedestrians on the road ; keep to the left on right-hand bends. This will improve your view of the road and help is avoiding the risk of collision with traffic approaching from the apposite direction; keep both hands on the wheel, where possible. This will help you to remain in full control of the vehicle at all times; be aware of other vehicles especially cycles and motorcycles. They are more difficult to see then driving large vehicles. Give them plenty of room, especially if you are driving a long vehicle or towing a trailer; select a lower gear before you reach a long downhill slope. This will help to control your speed ; when towing, remember the extra length will affect overtaking and maneuvering. The extra weight will also affect the braking and acceleration.

Mirrors
You should:

o o o o

adjust your vehicle mirrors at the 90 degree, here your back side visibility will maximum; use mirrors frequently through out the journey; use before you signal or change direction or speed; be aware that mirrors dont cover all areas and there will be blind spots. Overtaking Before Overtaking You should make sure:

o o o

the road is sufficiently clear ahead; the vehicle behind is not beginning to overtake you ; there is a suitable gap in front of the vehicle you plan to overtake.

Overtake Only
When it is safe to do so. You should:

o o

not get too close to the vehicle you intend to overtake; use your mirrors, signal when it is safe to do so, take a quick sideways glance into the blind spot area and then start to move out;

o o o o o o o

not assume that you can simply follow a vehicle ahead which is overtaking.there may only be enough room for one vehicle; once you have started to overtake. Allow plenty of room. Move back to the left as soon as you can but do not make a sharp cut. take extra care at night and in poor visibility when it is difficult to judge speed and distance; give way to oncoming vehicles before passing parked vehicles or other obstructions on your side of the road; only overtake on the left if the vehicle in front is signaling to turn right, and there is room to do so; stay in your lane if traffic is moving slowly in queues. If the queue on your right is moving more slowly then you may pass on the left; give motorcyclists, cyclist and animal drawn vehicles at least as much room as you would a car when overtaking.

Dont Overtake
Dont overtake if there is any doubt, or where you cannot see far enough ahead to be sure it is safe. For example, when you are approaching:

o o o o o o o o o o

a corner or bend; a hump bridge; the brow of a hill; approaching or at a road junction on either side of the road; where the road narrows; when approaching a school crossing patrol; where traffic is queuing at junctions or road works; when you would force another to swerve or slow down; at a level crossing; when a vehicle is indicating right, even if you believe the signal should have been cancelled. Dont take a risk.wait for the signal to be cancelled.

Being Overtaken
If a driver is trying to overtake you, maintain a steady course and speed, slowing down if necessary to let the vehicle pass. Never obstruct drivers who wish to pass. Speeding up or driving unpredictably while someone is overtaking you is dangerous. Drop back to maintain a three-second gap if someone overtakes and pulls into the gap in front of you. Dont hold up a long queue of traffic, especially if you are driving a large or slow moving vehicle. Check your mirrors frequently and if necessary, pull in where is safe and let traffic pass.

Using The Road

Road Junctions
55. Take extra care at junctions, You should :

o o o o o

watch out for cyclists, motorcyclists and pedestrians; watch out for pedestrians crossing a road into which you are turning. If they have started to cross them give way; watch out for long vehicles which may be turning at a junction ahead, they may have to use the whole width of he road to make the turn. not assume, when signaling left will actually turn. Wait and make sure; not cross or join a road until there is a gap large enough for you to do so safely. 56. You must stop behind the line at a junction with a Stop sign a solid white line across the road. 57. The approach to a junction may have a Give Way sign or a triangle marked on the road. You must give

way to traffic on the main road when emerging from a junction with broken white lines across the road.

Dual Carriageways
58. When crossing or turning right, first assess whether the central reservation is deep enough to protect the full length of your vehicle.

o o

If it is, then you should treat each half of the carriageway as a separate road. Wait in the central reservation until there is a safe gap in the traffic on the second half of the road If the central reservation is too shallow for the length of your vehicle, wait until you can cross both carriageways in one go.

Junction Box
59. These have criss-cross yellow lines painted on the road. You must not enter the box until your exit road or lane is clear. However, you may inter the box and wait when you want to turn right, and are only stopped from doing so by oncoming traffic, or by other vehicles waiting to turn right. At signaled roundabouts you must not enter the box unless you can cross over it completely without stopping.

Junctions Controlled by Traffic Lights

60. You must stop behind the white Stop line across your side of the road unless the Light is green. If the yellow light appears you may go on only if you have already crossed the stop line or so close to it that to stop might cause an accident. 61. You must not move forward over the white line when the red light is showing. Only go forward when the traffic lights are green if there is room for you to clear the junction safely or you are taking up a position to turn right. If the traffic lights are not working, proceed with caution.

Green Filter Arrow

62. This indicates a filter lane only. Dont enter that lane unless you want to go in the direction of the arrow. You may proceed in the direction of the green arrow when it, or the full green light is on. Give other traffic, especially cyclists, motorcyclists, time and room to move into the correct lane.

Turning Right
63. Before you turn right you should:

o o o o o o o o o

use your mirrors to make sure you know the position and movement of traffic coming behind you. give a right-turn signal; take up a position just left of the middle of the road or in the space marked for traffic turning right; leave room for other vehicles to pass on the left, if possible; wait until there is a safe gap between you and any oncoming vehicle; watch out for cyclists, motorcyclists and pedestrians; check your mirrors and blind spot again to make sure that you are not being overtaken, and then make the turn; dont cut the corner; extra care when turning into a main road.you will need to watch for traffic in both directions and wait for a safe gap and then go after satisfaction.

Turning Left
64. Use your mirrors and give a left-turn signal well before you turn left. Dont overtake just before you turn left and watch out for traffic coming up on your left before you make the turn, especially if driving a large vehicle. Cyclists and motorcyclists in particular may be hidden from your view. When turning, keep as close to the left as is safe and practical.

Roundabouts
65. On approaching a roundabout take notice and act on all the information available to you, including traffic signs, traffic lights and lane markings which direct you into the correct lane. You should:

o o o o o

use mirror-signals at all stages; decide as early as possible which exit you need to take give an appropriate signal. Time your signals so as not to confuse other drivers; adjust your speed and position to fit in with traffic conditions; be aware of the speed and position of all the traffic around you. 66. When reaching the roundabout you should:

o o o o

give priority to traffic approaching from your right, unless directed otherwise by signs, road markings or traffic lights; check whether road markings allow you to enter the roundabout without giving way. If so, proceed, but still look to the right before joining ; watch out for vehicles already on the roundabout.be aware they may not be signaling correctly or at all; look forward before moving off to make sure traffic in front has moved off. In all cases watch out for and give plenty of room to:

o o o o o

pedestrians who may be crossing the approach and exit roads; traffic crossing in front of you on the roundabout, especially vehicles intending to leave by the next exit; traffic which may be straddling lanes or positioned incorrectly. cyclists, motorcyclists who may stay in the left-hand lane and signal right if they intend to continue round the roundabout; long vehicles which might have to take a different course approaching or on the roundabout because of their length. Watch out for their signals.

Pedestrian Crossing
Allow pedestrians plenty of time to cross and do not harass them by revving your engine or edging forward. Zebra crossing. As you approach a zebra crossing

o o o o o o

look out for waiting persons to cross and be ready to slow down or stop to let them cross. you must give way if someone has moved onto a crossing ; allow more time for stopping on wet or icy roads. do not wave people across.this could be dangerous if another vehicle is approaching. be aware of pedestrians approaching from the side of the crossing. Choose an appropriate place to man oeuvre. If you need to turn your car around, wait until you find a safe place. Try not to reverse or turn round in a busy road; find a quiet side road or drive round a block of side streets. Dont reverse from a side road into main road. When using a driveway, reverse in and drive out if you can. Look carefully before you start reversing. You should:

o o o o o

use all mirrors check the blind spot behind you (the part of the road you cant see in the mirrors check there are no pedestrians, particularly children, cyclists, motorcyclists or obstructions on the road behind you ; look mainly through the rear window; check all around just before you start to turn and be aware that the front of your vehicle will swing out as you turn; get some one to guide you if you cant see clearly. You must not reverse your vehicle further than necessary.

Road Users Need Extra Care

The most vulnerable road users are pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and animals drawn vehicles. It is particularly important to be aware of children, elderly and disabled people, and learner and inexperienced drivers.

Pedestrians
In urban areas there is a risk of pedestrians, especially children, stepping unexpectedly into the road. Keep the safety of children in mind speed. Drive carefully and slowly when:

in crowded shopping streets or residential areas; driving past bus and pedestrians they can emerge suddenly into the road; passing parked vehicles; crossing a pavement.for, Give way to pedestrians on the pavement; reversing into a side road.look all round the vehicle and give way to any pedestrians who may be crossing the road; turning at road junctions.give way to pedestrians who are already crossing the road into which you are turning; the pavement is closed due to street repairs and pedestrians are directed to use the road. Vulnerable pedestrians include:

children and old age pedestrians who may not be able to judge your speed and could step into the road in front of you. At 60 km/h your vehicle will probably kill any pedestrians it hits. At 30 km/h there is only 1 in 20 chance of the pedestrians being killed. So reduce your speed; old age pedestrians who may need more time to cross the road. Be patient and allow them to cross in their own time. Dont hurry them by revving your engine or edging forward; blind and partially sighted people who may be carrying a white cane (white with a red band for deaf and blind

people) or using a guide dog; people with disabilities. Those with hearing problems may not be aware of your vehicle approaching. Those with walking difficulties require more time. 78. Near School, drive slowly and be particularly aware of young cyclists and pedestrians. In some places, there may be a flashing yellow signal below the School warning sign which tells you that there may be children crossing the road, drive very slowly the area is clear. Drive carefully when passing a stationary school bus, as children may be getting on or off.

Cyclists And Motorcyclists

It is often difficult to see motorcyclists and cyclists especially when they are coming up from behind, coming out of junctions or at roundabouts. Always look out for them when you are emerging from a junction. When passing motorcyclists and cyclists, give them plenty of room. If they look over their shoulder while you are following them it could mean that they may soon attempt to turn right. Give hem time and space to do so. Motorcyclists and cyclists may suddenly need to avoid uneven road surfaces and obstacles on the road. Give them plenty of room.

Animals
When passing animals, drive slowly. Give them plenty of room and be ready to stop. Dont scare animals by blowing your horn or revving your engine. Look out for animals being led or ridden on the road and take extra care and keep your speed down at left-hand bends and on narrow country roads. If a road is blocked by a herd of animals, stop and switch off your engine until they have left the road. Watch out for animals on unfenced roads.

Elderly Drivers
Their reactions may be slower than other drivers. Make allowance for this.

Learners And Inexperienced Drivers

They may not be so skilful at reacting to events. Be particularly patient with learner drivers and young drivers. Drivers who have recently passed their driving test may display a new driver plate or sticker.

Emergency Vehicles
You should look and listen for ambulances, fire engines, police or other emergency vehicles using flashing blue, red lights, headlights or sirens. Do not panic. Consider the route of the emergency vehicle and take appropriate action to let it pass. If necessary, pull to the side of the road and stop, but do not endanger other road users.

Long Vehicles
These may need extra road space to turn or to deal with a hazard that you are not able to see. If you are following a large vehicle, such as a bus or articulated lorry, be prepared to stop and wait if it needs room or time to turn.Large vehicles can block your view. Your ability to see and to plan ahead will beimproved if you pull back to increase your separation distance.

Public Service Vehicles

Give priority to these vehicles when you can do so safely, especially when they signal to pull away from stops. Look out for people getting off a bus or tram and crossing the road.

Vehicles With Flashing Yellow Lights

These warn of a slow-moving vehicles (such as a road roller or recovery vehicle) or a vehicle which has broken down, so approach with caution.

Adverse Weather Conditions

Poor Visibility
You must use headlights when visibility is seriously reduced, generally when you cant see for more then 100 meters (328 feet). You may also use front or rear fog lights but you must switch them off when visibility improves.

Wet Weather
In wet weather, stopping distances will be at least double those required for stopping on dry roads. This is because your tyres have low grip on the road. In wet weather:

o o o

you should keep well back from the vehicle in front. This will increase your ability to see and plan ahead; if the steering becomes unresponsive, it probably means that water is preventing the tyres from gripping the road. Ease off the accelerator and slow down gradually; the rain and spray from vehicles may make it difficult to see and be seen.

Windy Weather
High sided vehicles are most affected by windy weather, but strong gusts can also blow a car, cyclist or motorcyclist off course. This can happen at open stretches of road exposed to strong cross winds, or when passing bridges or gaps in hedges. In very windy weather your vehicle may be affected by turbulence created by large vehicles. Motorcyclists are particularly affected, so keep well back from them when they are overtaking a high-sided vehicle.

Fog
Before entering fog check your mirrors then slow down. If the Fog is shown on a roadside but the road is clear, be prepared for a bank of fog on the road. Even if it seems to be clearing, you can suddenly find yourself in thick fog. When driving in fog you should:

o o o o o o o o

use your lights as required; keep a safe distance from the vehicle in front. Rear lights can give a false sense of security ; be able to pull up within the distance you can see clearly. This is particularly important on motorways and dual highways, as vehicles are traveling faster; use your windscreen wipers and demisters. beware of other drivers not using headlights; not accelerate to get away from a vehicle which is too close behind you; check mirrors before you slow down. Then use your brakes so that your brakes lights warn drivers behind you that you are slowing down; stop in the emergency.

Hot Weather
Keep your vehicle well ventilated to avoid drowsiness. Be aware that the road surface may become soft or if it rains after a dry spell it may become slippery. These conditions could affect your steering and breaking.

Parking
How to Park If you have to park on the road side:

o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o

park your vehicle as close as you can to the side; you must switch off the engine, headlights and fog lights; you must use the handbrake before leaving your vehicle; you must ensure once you dont hit anyone when you open your vehicles door; it is safer that passenger (specially children) get out of the vehicle on the side next to the verge; lock your vehicle. you must not stop or park your vehicle on. where there are restriction shown by yellow lines along the edge of road or sign board . right edge of the road. the hard shoulder of motorway except in an emergency. a pedestrian crossing. a clear way; a bus stop. near a school entrance ; where you would prevent access for emergency services; on the approach to a level crossing apposite or within 10 meters of junction; near the brow of a hill or hump bridge. opposite a traffic island or another parked vehicle. in front of an entrance to a property. on a bend ; the pavement or footpath. Parking at Night

o o

You must not park on a road at night facing against the direction of the traffic flow unless in a recognized parking place All vehicle must display parking lights when parked on a road Goods Vehicles

Goods vehicles must not be parked on a verge, footpath or near the road without police permission the only exception is when their parking time start. Parking in Fog

It is especially dangerous to park on the road in fog. If it is unavoidable, leave your parking lights, fog lights and side lights on Parking on Hills if you park on a hill you should:

o o o o

park close to the verge and apply the handbrake firmly; select a forward gear and turn your steering wheel away from the verge when facing uphill; select reverse gear and turn your steering wheel towards the verge when facing downhill; use park if your car has an automatic gearbox.

Railway Crossing
A railway level crossing is where a road crossed a railway line. Cross it with care. Never drive on to a crossing until it is clear on. Never stop or park on, near a crossing.

Breakdowns And Accidents

If your vehicle breaks down, or if you have an accident on a crossing you should:

o o o

get everyone out of the vehicle and clear the crossing immediately; use a railway telephone if available to tell the signal operator. Follow the instructions you are given; move the vehicle clear of the crossing if there is time before a train arrives. If the alarm sounds, or the yellow light comes on, leave the vehicle and get clear of the crossing immediately.

Open Crossing
These have no gates barriers or gatekeeper but will have a Give Way sign. You should look both sides, listen and make sure there is no train coming before you cross.

Barriers Or Gates Crossing

Some crossings have barriers or gates, you must not cross until the gates or barriers are open.

Accidents And Breakdowns

Breakdowns o o o o o o o
If your vehicle breaks down, think first of other road users and: get your vehicle off the road if possible; warn other traffic by using your hazard warning lights if your vehicle is causing an obstruction ; put a warning triangle on the road at least 50 meters behind your broken down vehicle on the same side of the road, or use other permitted warning devices if you have them. Always take great care when placing them, but never use them on motorways; keep your sidelights on if it is dark or visibility is poor; dont stand (or let anybody else stand), between your vehicle and oncoming traffic; at night or in poor visibility dont stand where you will prevent other road users seeing your lights.

After Accident o o o o
If you are involved in an accident which causes damage or injury to any other person vehicle, animal or property, you must: stop; give your own and the vehicle owners name and address, and the registration number of the vehicle, to anyone having reasonable grounds for requiring them; if you dont give your name and address at the time of the accident, report the accident to the police as soon as possible.

Road Safety For Pedestrian

Using Footpath

The facility of footpath should be used if available. If there is no footpath, always walk on the right side of the road so that you can see the traffic coming from opposite side. Keep in mind to:

Walk in single file and keep close to the right side of the road; Keep the children to the extreme right. Crossing the Road

The facility of zebra crossing, overhead bridge or underpass should be used wherever it is available. If there is no facility available for road crossing then first of all see to your right hand side and then to your left-hand side, when both sides are clear then go straight across the road. Be vigilant while crossing. If the traffic appears suddenly, do not run. Where there are pedestrian safety barriers, cross the road only at the gaps provided for pedestrians. Do not climb up the barriers.