SAP Business Intelligence Module 1

Business Warehouse Overview

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Copyright

These materials and their content are the sole property of Maverick Consultant Management, Inc. These materials may not be reproduced, used in a classroom, or utilized in any way without the express written permission of Judd D. Bradbury. Copying or posting without permission is a violation of legal copyright protections. Permissions may be obtained by calling 214-476-7461.

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What is a Data Warehouse?

A data warehouse is a well structured common data architecture for providing business intelligence. A data warehouse is a specific company-wide data pool in order to support decision makers.
Top management Mid and lower management Planners, controllers,
User Reporting

Data Warehouse

Source System

Source System

Source System

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Business Need for a Data Warehouse

Standardized structure and presentation of the truth Easy to use single point of access Sophisticated business reporting methods Data staging from a heterogeneous environment Data access independent of the source systems Time dependent master data

User Reporting

Data Warehouse

Source System

Source System

Source System

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Information System Environments

On-Line Analytical Processing information systems are designed to answer multi-dimensional analytical queries at a high rate of speed. On-Line Transaction Processing information systems are designed to handle a high volume of repetitive business transactions.

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OLTP Versus OLAP OLAP

- Optimized to get data out - For administration and daily decisions - Processes a large amount of data per transaction - Less critical availability - Data updates regularly - Data are time-dependent

OLTP
- Optimized to get data in - For management and daily business - Processes a small amount of data per transaction - Business-critical availability - Data updates online - Data overwritten

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Importance of the Data Warehouse

Provides a high speed OLAP reporting environment Avoids competition of system resources with OLTP systems
OLAP Reports OLAP OLAPReports Reports Data Warehouse Data Mining & Data DataMining Mining& & Analytics Analytics Analytics

NetWeaver Interface

Transaction Based Transaction TransactionBased Based Applications Applications Applications

SAP ERP

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SAP NetWeaver

The SAP data warehouse utilizes an integration architecture technology called NetWeaver. NetWeaver Architecture is used by all of the SAP application suites to exchange information.
Data exchange Web based platform XI middleware

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Requirement for OLAP Systems

Many concurrent users (1000+) Sophisticated authorizations and security Fast response time (< 5 sec) High data volumes (>100+ GB or TB) Multiple data sources Easy to use (slice, dice, drill-down, roll-up) Enhanced reporting functions

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OLAP Versus OLTP Systems

OLAP Systems OLTP Systems
Business Process Efficiency High Availability Detailed Current Add, Modify, Delete Relational Minimal 6-18 Months

Objective Priority Data View Age of Data Database Operations Data Structures Data Integration Data Sets

Competitive Advantage Flexible Access to Data Summarized Historical Read Multi-Dimension Extensive 2-7 years

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Multi-Dimensional OLAP Data

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OLTP versus OLAP

Strategic Enterprise Management Analysis and Controlling Disposition and Planning Administration I: Value-Oriented Processing Administration II: Amount-Oriented Processing
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Corporate Planning

On-line Analytical Processing

Accounting Supplier Management, Production Planning, Cost Planning, Supplier Accounting Warehouse Accounting Customer Invoices Employee Salary Personnel

On-line Transactional Processing

Purchasing

Stocks

Sales

Horizontal Integration

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Data Integration Process

Data analysis and analytical applications Multi-dimensional data Data warehouse Extraction, transformation, loading Source systems

- OLAP, MIS, cockpits, - Planning, scorecard, - Information models - Aggregation - Data Targets - Data Transfer Process - Selection, extraction, - Modification, loading

- External data sources - Internal data sources

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Layers of SAP NetWeaver BW

Reporting & Analysis Layer

Data Store Object

Infocubes

data targets Transformation Layer (Persistent) Staging Area

Extraction Layer: InfoPackage

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Extraction Layer
Reporting & Analysis Layer

Predefined customizable extractors for SAP applications Direct extraction from database tables or views Web services Flat file interface Staging BAPI

Data Store Object

Infocubes

data targets Transformation Layer (Persistent) Staging Area Extraction Layer: InfoPackage

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Persistent Staging Area

Reporting & Analysis Layer

Storage area for data extracted from sources Requested data is saved directly from its source (without changes) First step in loading data into the operational data store (ODS) and data warehouse

Data Store Object

Infocubes

data targets Transformation Layer (Persistent) Staging Area Extraction Layer: InfoPackage

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Transformation Layer
Reporting & Analysis Layer

Converts source data from the source format to the data target format Data field mapping Transformation programs Formulas

Data Store Object

Infocubes

data targets Transformation Layer (Persistent) Staging Area Extraction Layer: InfoPackage

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Extraction Transformation Load (ETL)

Source: Data warehouse framework. BiPM Institute. Retrieved February 22, 2008 from http://bipminstitute.com/ template/topic.php?topic_id=DAC
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Data Store Objects (DSO)

Reporting & Analysis Layer

Replication of data from a transactional system Provides overwrite capability Used to supply infocubes

Data Store Object

Infocubes

data targets Transformation Layer (Persistent) Staging Area Extraction Layer: InfoPackage

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Infocubes
Reporting & Analysis Layer

Data target specifically designed to perform OLAP reporting Utilizes the extended star schema Forms the basis of queries

Data Store Object

Infocubes

data targets Transformation Layer (Persistent) Staging Area Extraction Layer: InfoPackage

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Reporting and Analysis

Reporting & Analysis Layer

Tools where data is presented in reports & dashboards SAP Business Explorer Bex Components Web Application Designer Web Portals

Data Store Object

Infocubes

data targets Transformation Layer (Persistent) Staging Area Extraction Layer: InfoPackage

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Data Warehouse Workbench

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Infoprovider Selection

Data Warehouse Workbench - Modeling

Infoarea Infocube Transformation Infosource Transfer Rules DataSource Infopackage

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What is a Data Warehouse?

Infoarea represents the highest level of grouping for information objects. Infoareas typically have themes like customer analytics or profitability analysis. Infocube is a flexible data cube target designed for OLAP reporting. Transformation is a program routine that transfers and formats data from a data source to a data target. Infosource an information object that is available for loading a data target. Infopackage is a scheduler for creating the data set from the source that is saved to the data target. Datasource the description and location of master data from database tables, flat files or other data sources.
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Data Warehousing Architecture Options Core Landscape

Reporting Tools Reporting Tools Reporting Tools Reporting Tools

Local BW Data Mart 1

Local BW Data Mart 2

Local BW Data Mart 3

Local BW Data Mart 4

Global BW Enterprise Data Warehouse

Source System

Source System

Source System

Source System

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Data Warehousing Architecture Options Peripheral Landscape

Enterprise Level Analysis Needs

Local Reporting Local BW Data Mart 1

Global BW Enterprise Data Warehouse

Local Reporting Local BW Data Mart 3

Local BW Data Mart 2

Source System

Source System

Source System

Source System

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Data Mining - Analysis Process Designer

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BEx Query Designer

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BEx Analyzer

RRMX > Add-Ins > Bex Analyzer > Open Query

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Executed Query

BEx Analyzer - Report from Data Cube

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Summary

Data Warehouse is a structured architecture for reporting OLAP systems are designed for high speed executive reporting OLTP systems are designed to handle high volume transactions NetWeaver is the integration architecture technology used by SAP BW Netweaver BW has 4 main layers
Extraction Layer Persistent Staging Area Transformation Layer Reporting Layer

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Summary

Data Warehouse Workbench is for creating data models Analysis Process Designer is used for Data Mining BEx Query Designer is used for creating new reports BEx Analyzer is used for performing data analysis

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