http://www.emazing.com.au/tools/helpful.

Torque chart

Bolt size

M
M4
M5
M6
M8
M 10
M 12
M 14
M 16
M 18
M 20
M 22
M 24
M 27
M 30
M 33
M 36
M 39
M 42
M 45
M 48
M 52
M 56
M 60
M 64
M 68
M 72 *
M 76 *
M 80 *
M 90 *
M 100 *
M 110 *
M 120 *
M 125 *
M 130 *
M 140 *
M 150 *

Recommended max. tightening torque in Nm for untreated oil-smeared screws.

Friction coefficient = 0.125, torque corresponds to approx. 62% of tensile bolt stress.
* Friction coefficient = 0.14, torque corresponds to approx. 90% of tensile bolt stress.
Every bolted joint is unique and the optimum tightening torque should be determined for each application by careful examin
bolt (torque) at some point causes it to stretch (tension).
Several factors affect how much tension occurs when a given amount of tightening torque is applied.

The first factor is the bolt's diameter.

The second factor is the bolts grade. It takes more force to stretch an SAE grade 8 bolt (or a 12.9 quality bolt) than it does to s
The third factor indicates that harder, smoother and/or slicker bolting surfaces, such as threads and bearing surfaces, require

The basic formula T = K x D x P takes these factors into account and provided users with a starting point for establishing an ini
T = target tighten torque (result in this formula is inch pounds, dividing by 12 yields foot pounds)
K = coefficient of friction (nut factor) always an estimation in this formula *
D = Bolts nominal diameter in inches
P = Bolts desired tensible load in pounds (generally 75% of yield strength)

The reason all applications should be evaluated to determine the optimum tightening torque is that the K factor in this formu
highly lubricated bolts.
Bolt Conditions can range from:
Lubricated: Moly Based 0.10 - 0.18, Nickel Based 0.10 - 0.12, Copper Based 0.08 - 0.23,
Plated: Cadmium 0.11 - 0.33, Zinc 0.08 - 0.53, Black Oxide 0.11 - 0.28,
As Received: Mild Alloy Steel on Steel 0.16 - 0.27
Example: 3/4"-10 Grade 5 zinc plated bolt
K = 0.22 (zinc plated)
D = 0.75 (3/4"-10 nominal diameter)
P = 23'046 pounds (Yield strength for SAE Grade 5 bolt = 69000 PSI * Tensile stress area 0.344 for 3/4"x10bolt)
T = 0.22 * 0.75 * 23046 Pounds / 12 = 317 ft.lb (317 ft.lb * 1.3558 = 430Nm)

In order to work out your specific required torque use the above formula using the values P = tensile load in pound which usu

Recommended bolt tension for shaft and

name="Air Turb

Bolt size
M
mm

M20x2.5
M24x3
M27x3
M30x3.5
M33x3.5
M36x4
M39x4
M42x4.5
M45x4.5
M48x5
M52x5
M56x5.5
M60x5.5
M64x6
M68x6
M72x6
M76x6
M80x6
M90x6
M100x6
M110x6
M120x6
M125x8
M130x8
M140x8
M150x8
These values are for guidance only. Always check with the bolt manufacturer !

Recommend
name="Air Turbine" width="97%" class="producttable">
Bolt size Nut size Quality P
UNC
Width
inch
across

1/4"
5/16"
3/8"
7/16"
1/2"
9/16"
5/8"
3/4"
7/8"
1"

flats inch Newtons N.m

lfb
lbf.ft
Jul-16
4379 5.43
984 4.00
1-Feb
7344 11.2
1650 8.26
Sep-16
10951 19.9
2461 14.68
5-Aug
15065 31.9
3386 23.53
3-Apr
20244 48.8
4551 36.00
7-Aug
26075 70.4
5861 51.92
15/16
32452 97.4
7295 71.84
1 1/8
49781
178
11191 131.3
1 5/16
67157
279
15097 205.8
1 1/2
88221
418
19832 308.3

Quality S

Newtons
8320
13954
20807
28623
38463
49542
61658
94584
127599
167620

N.m
10.3
21.3
37.9
60.7
92.7

lfb

134
185
338
530
795

1870
3136
5161
6434
8646
11137
13861
21263
28685
37682

1 1/8"
1 11/16
111007
593
24955 437.4
210913
1 1/4"
1 7/8
142135
837
31953 617.3
270091
1 3/8"
2 1/16
168641
1096
37911 808.4
320417
1 1/2"
2 1/4
206578
1456
46440
1074
392498
These torque values are for guidance only. Always check with the bolt manufacturer !
back to top
Recommended maximum bolt loads - UNF threads
name="Air Turbine" width="97%" class="producttable">
Bolt size Nut size Quality P
UNF
Width
inch
across

1126
1591
2083
2767

47415
60718
72032
88237

Quality S

flats inch Newtons N.m

lfb
lbf.ft
Newtons N.m
1/4"
Jul-16
5232 6.28
1176 4.63
9941 11.9
5/16"
1-Feb
8410 12.5
1891 9.22
15979 23.8
3/8"
Sep-16
12911 22.7
2903 16.74
24531 43.2
7/16"
5-Aug
17416 35.9
3915 26.5
33091 68.2
1/2"
3-Apr
23685 55.4
5325 40.9
45002
9/16"
7-Aug
30075 79.0
6761 58.3
57143
5/8"
15/16
38156
111
8578 81.9
72496
3/4"
1 1/8
56078
195
12607
144
106549
7/8"
1 5/16
76297
309
17152
228
144965
1"
1 1/2
99200
459
22301
339
188480
1 1/8"
1 11/16
128738
667
28941
492
244602
1 1/4"
1 7/8
161358
925
36275
682
306580
1 3/8"
2 1/16
199331
1252
44811
923
378728
1 1/2"
2 1/4
240377
1642
54039
1211
456717
These torque values are for guidance only. Always check with the bolt manufacturer !
back to top

lfb

105
150
210
370
587
873
1267
1757
2378
3119

2234
3592
5514
7439
10116
12846
16297
29353
32589
42371
54988
68921
85141
102673

Imperial to

Lenght
Weight

Torque

1 in
1 in
1m
1m

=
=
=
=

1 mm
1 lb
1 kg

=
=
=

1 kpm

1 ft lb

0.0254 m
25.4 mm
39.3701 "
3.2808 ft
0.0393701
"
0.4536 kg
2.2046 lb
9.8067
Nm
1.3558
Nm

Torque

Pressure

Power

Flow

0.1130
Nm
0.7376 ft
lb
100 kPa
98.0665
kPa
6.8948
kPa or
0.01 bar

In lb

1 Nm
1 bar
1 kp/cm2
at

=
=

1 psi

1 kPa
1 kpm/s

=
=

1 hp

0.0101972
kp/cm2 at
9.8067 W
0.7457
kW

1 kW

1.3410 hp

1 m3/min

16.667 l/s

1 cfm

0.4720 l/s

1 m3/h

1 l/s

0.2778 l/s
2.1189
cfm

back to top

Inch
"

0"
mm

Jan-32 0.7937
Jan-16
15,874
Mar-32
23,812
1-Aug
31,749
May-32
39,686
Mar-16
47,624
Jul-32
55,561
1-Apr
63,498
Sep-32
71,436
May-16
79,373
Nov-32
87,310
3-Aug
95,248
13/32
103,185
Jul-16
111,122

1"
2"
mm
mm
253,995 507,990
261,932 515,928
26,987 523,865
277,807 531,802
285,744 539,740
293,682 547,677
301,619 555,614
309,556 563,552
317,949 571,489
325,431 579,426
333,368 587,364
341,306 595,301
349,243 603,239
357,180 611,176
365,118 619,113

Imperial inch to metric mm dimensions comparison chart

3"
4"
5"
6"
7"
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
761,986 101,598 126,998 152,397 177,797
769,923 102,391 127,791 153,190 178,590
777,860 103,185 128,585 153,984 179,384
785,798 103,979 129,378 154,788 180,177
793,735 104,773 130,172 155,572 180,971
801,672 105,566 130,966 156,365 181,765
809,610 106,360 131,760 157,159 182,559
817,547 107,154 132,553 157,953 183,352
825,485 107,948 133,347 158,747 184,146
833,422 108,741 134,141 159,540 184,940
841,359 109,535 134,935 160,335 185,734
849,297 110,329 135,728 161,128 186,527
857,234 111,122 136,522 161,922 187,321
865,171 111,916 137,316 162,715 188,115
873,109 112,710 138,109 163,509 188,909

15/32
1-Feb
17/32
Sep-16
19/32
5-Aug
21/32
Nov-16
23/32
3-Apr
25/32
13/16
27/32
7-Aug
29/32
15/16
31/32

119,060
126,997
134,934
142,872
150,809
158,747
166,684
174,621
182,559
190,496
198,433
206,371
214,308
222,245
230,183
238,120
246,057

373,055
380,993
388,930
396,867
404,805
412,742
420,679
428,617
436,554
444,491
452,429
460,366
468,303
476,241
484,178
492,116
500,053

627,051
634,988
642,925
650,863
658,800
666,737
674,675
682,612
690,549
698,487
706,424
714,362
722,299
730,236
738,173
746,111
754,048

881,046
888,983
896,921
904,858
912,795
920,733
928,670
936,608
944,545
952,482
960,419
968,357
976,294
984,232
992,169
100,011
100,804

113,504
114,297
115,091
115,885
116,679
117,472
118,266
119,060
119,854
120,647
121,441
122,235
123,029
123,822
124,616
125,410
126,203

138,903
139,697
140,491
141,284
142,078
142,872
143,666
144,459
145,253
146,047
146,841
147,634
148,428
149,222
150,016
150,809
151,603

164,303
165,097
165,890
166,684
167,478
168,271
169,065
169,859
170,653
171,446
172,240
173,034
173,828
174,621
175,415
176,209
177,003

189,702
190,496
191,290
192,084
192,877
193,671
194,465
195,258
196,052
196,846
197,640
198,433
199,227
200,021
200,815
201,608
202,402

w.emazing.com.au/tools/helpful.htm

Torque chart - recommended values - indicative only

Grade
Width
across
flats
mm
7
9
10
13
17
19
22
24
27
30
32
36
41
46
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
130
145
155
175
180
185
200
215

3.6
Torque
Nm

4.6
Torque
Nm

4.8
Torque
Nm

0.85
1.7
2.9
7.0

1.1
2.2
3.8
9.3

1.5
3.0
5.1

14
24
39
59
81
115
155
200
295
395
540
690
920
1100
1400
1700
2150
2700
3350
4000
4850

19
32
51
79
110
155
205
265
390
530
720
920
1200
1500
1850
2250
2900
3600
4450
5350
6500

12
25
43
68
105
145
205
275
350
520
710
960
1250
1600
1950
2450
3000
3850
4800
5950
7150
8650

ach application by careful examination. A properly tightened bolt is one that is stretched such that it acts like a very ridged spring pulling m

s applied.

12.9 quality bolt) than it does to stretch an SAE grade 5 bolt (or a 8.8 quality bolt) because of the greater material strenght.
eads and bearing surfaces, require less rotational force (torque) to stretch (tension) a bolt than do softer, rougher, and stickier surfaces.

arting point for establishing an initial target tightening torque:

unds)

e is that the K factor in this formula is always an estimate. The most commonly used bolting factors K are 0.20 for plain finished bolts, 0.2

44 for 3/4"x10bolt)

= tensile load in pound which usually is 75% of yield strength and the tensile stress area for the specific bolt used).
back to top

mended bolt tension for shaft and stretch bolts at 90% of bolt yield strength - METRIC coarse threads
name="Air Turbine" class="producttable" width="97%">
Quality 8.8
tensile load 640
N/mm2
tensile stress 660
Nut size N/mm2

Quality 10.9
tensile load 900
N/mm2
tensile stress 940
N/mm2

Width
across

Bolt tension
for bolts with
shaft

Bolt tension
for stretch
bolts

Bolt tension
for bolts with
shaft

flats mm

32
36
41
46
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
130
145
155
175
180
185
200
215
back to top
Recommended maximum bolt loads - UNC threads
Quality T

lbf.ft
7.60
15.71
27.95
44.77
68.37
98.83
136.45
249.3

Newtons
8980
15061
22458
30894
41516
53474
66552
102091
391
137725
586
180923

N.m
11.1
23.0
40.9
65.5

lfb

100
144
200
364
572
858

lbf.ft
8.19
16.96
30.17
48.31
73.76

2018
3385
5048
6945
9333
12021
106
14961 147.5
22950 268.5
30961
422
40673
633

Bolt tension
for bolts with
shaft

Bolt tension
for stretch
bolts

Bolt tension
for bolts with
shaft

137.9
199.2
261.3
319.1
396.5
467.1
569.9
643.2
751.3
847.2
1013.7
1170.9
1403.0
1543.6
1814.9
2002.8
2310.3
2521.7
3254.4
4073.4
4992.0
6003.8
6311.3
7000.2
8044.2
9316.0

105.0
151.2
196.1
246.8
303.4
352.8
434.0
492.8
587.9
656.1
784.2
903.2
1052.6
1213.4
1385.7
1596.6
1793.3
2032.2
2624.2
3291.8
3991.7
4853.7
5341.3
5800.0
6830.4
8006.1

196.4
283.8
372.1
454.5
564.7
665.3
797.4
916.0
1070.0
1206.6
1443.8
1667.6
1998.3
2198.4
2584.8
2852.5
3290.4
3291.6
4635.0
5801.6
7109.8
8550.8
8988.9
9970.0
11456.9
13268.3

830
1173
1536
2041

227652
291527
345847
423648

1216
1717
2248
2987

51178
65537
77749
95239

897
1266
1658
2203

Quality T

lbf.ft
8.78
17.55
31.9
50.3
77.4
111
155
273
433
644
934
1296
1754
2300

Newtons
10730
17247
26478
35717
48574
61678
78250
115005
156470
203439
264015
330911
408786
492965

N.m
12.9
25.7
46.6
73.6

lfb

114
162
227
399
634
942
1368
1896
2567
3367

2412
3877
5952
8029
10919
13865
17591
25854
35175
45734
59352
74391
91898
110822

lbf.ft
9.51
18.96
34.4
54.3
84.0
119
167
294
468
695
1009
1398
1893
2482

Imperial to metric dimensions comparison chart

comparison chart
8"
9"
10"
mm
mm
mm
203,196 228,596 253,995
203,990 229,389 254,789
204,783 230,183 255,582
205,577 230,977 256,376
206,370 231,770 257,170
207,164 232,564 257,964
207,958 233,358 258,757
208,752 234,152 259,551
209,546 234,945 260,345
210,339 235,739 261,139
211,133 236,532 261,932
211,927 237,326 262,726
212,721 238,120 263,520
213,514 238,914 264,313
214,308 239,708 265,107

215,102
215,896
216,689
217,483
218,277
219,071
219,864
220,658
221,452
222,245
223,039
223,883
224,627
225,420
226,214
227,008
227,802

240,501
241,295
242,089
242,883
243,676
244,470
245,263
246,058
246,851
247,645
248,439
249,232
250,026
250,820
251,614
252,407
253,201

265,901
266,695
267,488
268,282
269,076
269,870
270,663
271,457
272,251
273,045
273,838
274,632
275,426
276,220
277,013
277,807
278,601

5.6
Torque
Nm

5.8
Torque
Nm

6.8
Torque
Nm

8.8
Torque
Nm

10.9
Torque
Nm

12.9
Torque
Nm

1.4
2.8
4.8

1.9
3.7
6.4

2.3
4.5
7.7

2.9
6.0

4.1
8.5

4.9

12
23
40
64
98
135
190
260
330
490
660
900
1150
1500
1850
2300
2800
3600
4500
5550
6700
8100

16
31
54
86
130
180
255
345
440
650
880
1200
1550
2000
2450
3100
3750
1800
5950
7400
8950
10800

19
37
65
105
155
215
305
415
530
780
1050
1450
1850
2400
2950
3700
4450
5750
7150
8900
10700
13000

10
25
49
86
135
210
290
410
550
710
1050
1450
1900
2450
3200
3950
4950
5950
7650
9550
11900
14300
17300
21945
25953
30437
44214
61462
81845
108448
124327
139572
175561
216875

14
35
69
120
190
295
405
580
780
1000
1500
2000
2700
3450
4500
5550
6950
8400
10800
13400
16700
20100
24300
31256
36984
43347
62970
87527
116567
154443
177099
198770
250056
308960

10
17
41
83
145
230
355
485
690
930
1200
1800
2400
3250
4150
5400
6650
8350
10100
12900
16100
20000
24100
29100
36574
43269
50737
73690
102431
136408
180712
207233
232620
292817
361484

s like a very ridged spring pulling mating surfaces together. The rotation of a

er material strenght.
, rougher, and stickier surfaces.

e 0.20 for plain finished bolts, 0.22 for zinc plated bolts, and 0.10 for waxed or

bolt used).

Quality 10.9
tensile load 900
N/mm2
tensile stress 940
N/mm2
Bolt tension
for stretch
bolts

Quality 12.9
tensile load 900
N/mm2
tensile stress 940
N/mm2
Bolt tension
for bolts with
shaft

Bolt tension
for stretch
bolts

Bolt tension
for stretch
bolts

Bolt tension
for bolts with
shaft

Bolt tension
for stretch
bolts

149.5
215.3
279.2
351.5
432.1
502.5
618.1
701.8
837.4
934.4
1116.9
1286.4
1499.2
1728.2
1973.6
2273.9
2554.1
2894.3
3737.5
4688.3
5685.2
6912.9
7607.3
8260.6
9728.2
11402.6

229.9
332.0
435.5
531.9
660.9
778.5
933.1
1072.0
1252.2
1412.0
1689.5
1951.4
2338.4
2572.6
3024.8
3338.0
3850.5
4202.9
5424.0
6789.1
8319.9
10006.3
10518.9
11667.0
13407.0
15526.7

175.0
251.9
326.8
411.3
505.6
588.0
723.3
821.3
979.9
1093.4
1307.1
1505.3
1754.3
2022.4
2309.5
2661.0
2988.9
3387.0
4373.7
5486.4
6652.9
8089.6
8902.1
9666.6
11384.0
13343.4