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Contents
Introduction (What and Why) Key characteristics Components (What is Virtualization?) Supported Application Framework Architecture Cloud APIs and Cloud Types Economics Privacy Google App engine and Amazon EC2 Latest Trends Applications References
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Introduction

Broadly, it is combination of three Computing concepts : 1. Grid Computing-Cluster of loosely coupled computers for a common cause 2. Utility Computing-Packaging of computer resources as a metered service 3. Autonomic Computing-Capable of self management
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Contd..
Thus ,many cloud computing deployments , depend on grids (as basic back end) have autonomic characteristics (self management) bill like utilities (viz. electricity)

What is cloud?
The cloud is a computing service that charges you based only on the amount of computing resources we use. Pay as you go

Why?
Due to disadvantages of :Licensed Software Software as a service

And due to advantage of :Cloud Computing

Key Characteristics Agility Reliability Cost Scalability Device and Security location Sustainability independence Multi tenancy

Basic Components of Cloud Computing

Supported Application Frameworks

Platform Google App Engine Heroku Azure Services Platform Framework Java Google Web Toolkit,Python Ruby on Rails .Net

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Cloud Computing Architecture

Software as a Service Platform as a Service Infrastructure as a Service These 3 services encapsulate the basic 6 Cloud Computing Components Next few slides will elaborate these 3 services..

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Software as a Service
Software as a service features a complete application offered as a service on demand. A single instance of the software runs on the cloud and services multiple end users or client organizations. Eg: salesforce.com , Google Apps

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Platform as a Service
Platform as a service encapsulates a layer of software and provides it as a service that can be used to build higher-level services. 2 Perspectives for PaaS :1. Producer:- Someone producing PaaS might produce a platform by integrating an OS, middleware, application software, and even a development environment that is then provided to a customer as a service.
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PaaS Contd..
2. Consumer:-Someone using PaaS would see an

encapsulated service that is presented to them through an API. The customer interacts with the platform through the API, and the platform does what is necessary to manage and scale itself to provide a given level of service. Virtual appliances can be classified as instances of PaaS.
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Infrastructure as a Service
Infrastructure as a service delivers basic storage and computing capabilities as standardized services over the network. Servers, storage systems, switches, routers , and other systems are pooled and made available to handle workloads that range from application components to high-performance computing applications.

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Cloud APIs
One of the key characteristics that distinguishes cloud computing from standard enterprise computing is that the infrastructure itself is programmable.

Instead of physically deploying servers, storage, and network resources to support applications, developers specify how the same virtual components are configured and interconnected.
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Cloud APIs contd

Including how virtual machine images and application data are stored and retrieved from a storage cloud.

They specify how and when components are deployed through an API that is specified by the cloud provider.

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Cloud Computing Types

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Public Clouds
Public clouds are run by third parties, and applications from different customers are likely to be mixed together on the clouds servers, storage systems, and networks. Public clouds are most often hosted away from customer premises, and they provide a way to reduce customer risk and cost by providing a flexible, even temporary extension to enterprise infrastructure.

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Private Clouds
Private clouds are built for the exclusive use of one client, providing the utmost control over data, security, and quality of service . The company owns the infrastructure and has control over how applications are deployed on it. Private clouds may be deployed in an enterprise datacenter. Private clouds can be built and managed by a companys own IT organization or by a cloud provider.

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Hybrid clouds
Hybrid clouds combine both public and private cloud models . They can help to provide on-demand, externally provisioned scale. The ability to augment a private cloud with the resources of a public cloud can be used to maintain service levels in the face of rapid workload fluctuations. A hybrid cloud also can be used to handle planned workload spikes.
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Economics
Avoid capital expenditure Billed on utility/subscription Can terminate contract any time Lower cost of entry Example (car, rent car, taxi)
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In a turbulent economy, cloud computing is even more attractive ( Why pay for more computing capacity than you need?!!!!)

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Privacy
Encrypt data at rest Encrypt data in transit Strong authentication Cryptography and more secure algorithms Manage access right holder

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Google App Engine

What is it? It can run your web applications on Googles infrastructure and easy to scale for traffic and data storage Features (dynamic web serving, persistent storage, automatic scaling) Sandbox Isolates your application in its own secure,reliable environment that is independent of hardware,operating system and physical location of web server
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Application environment Java

Python

Data store (powerful distributed data store with query engine and transactions,can scale as required, is consistent and uses optimistic concurrency control, grouping of data is done)

App engine services (URL Fetch, Mail, MemCache, Image Manipulation)

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Amazon ec2
What is it? Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) is a web service that provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud. Service Highlights -Elastic -Reliable -Completely Controlled -Secure -Inexpensive -Flexible
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Contd..
EC2 works in conjunction with Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3), Amazon SimpleDB Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) to provide a complete solution for computing, query processing and storage across a wide range of applications.
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Features
Amazon Elastic Block Store Multiple locations Elastic IP Amazon Cloudwatch, Auto Scaling, Elastic Load balancing

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Uses
Peer-to-peer / volunteer computing (Bittorrent, Skype) Web application (Facebook) Software as a service (Google Apps, SAP ) Software plus services (Microsoft Online Services)

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Latest Trends
Integrating more scripting languages Data center volumes Open source cloud computing (Red Hat) Salesforce for Google apps Going green

So concluding
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References
www.wikipedia.org You tube cloud computing videos What is Google App Engine? Google Introduction to Cloud Computing architecture White Paper 1st Edition, June 2009 Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud Amazon Cloud Computing Potentials -Raphael Volz

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