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More than 100 ABAP Interview Faq's

Content Author : Prbabu Author email : prbabu9@yahoo.co.in Feel free to contribute to those questions without answers or add-in additional tips for those answers which you think can be further improve by Submitting a ABAP Tips or ABAP Programs. 1. What is the typical structure of an ABAP/4 program? ANS:HEADER ,BODY,FOOTER. 2. What are field symbols and field groups.? Have you used "component idx of structure" clause with field groups? ANS:Field symbols:Field groups :3. What should be the approach for writing a BDC program? ANS:STEP 1: CONVERTING THE LEGACY SYSTEM DATA TO A FLAT FILE to internal table CALLED "CONVERSION". STEP 2: TRANSFERING THE FLAT FILE INTO SAP SYSTEM CALLED "SAP DATA TRANSFER". STEP 3: DEPENDING UPON THE BDC TYPE i)call transaction(Write the program explicity) ii) create sessions (sessions are created and processed.if success data will transfer). 4. What is a batch input session? ANS:BATCH INPUT SESSION is an intermediate step between internal table and database table. Data along with the action is stored in session ie data for screen fields, to which screen it is passed,program name behind it, and how next screen is processed. 5. What is the alternative to batch input session? ANS:Call transaction. 6. A situation: An ABAP program creates a batch input session. We need to submit the program and the batch session in back ground. How to do it? ANS:-

2 go to SM36 and create background job by giving job name,job class and job steps (JOB SCHEDULING) 8. What are the problems in processing batch input sessions? How is batch input process different from processing online? ANS:PROBLEMS:i) If the user forgets to opt for keep session then the session will be automatically removed from the session queue(log remains). However if session is processed we may delete it manually. ii)if session processing fails data will not be transferred to SAP database table. 10. What are the different types of data dictionary objects? ans:tables, structures, views, domains, data elements, lock objects, Matchcode objects. 11. How many types of tables exists and what are they in data dictionary? ans :4 types of tables i)Transparent tables - Exists with the same structure both in dictionary as well as in database exactly with the same data and fields. Both Opensql and Nativesql can be used. ii)Pool tables & iii)Cluster tables These are logical tables that are arranged as records of transparent tables.one cannot use native sql on these tables (only opensql).They are not managable directly using database system tools. iv)Internal tables - . 12. What is the step by step process to create a table in data dictionary? ans:step 1: creating domains(data type,field length,range). step 2: creating data elements(properties and type for a table field). step 3: creating tables(SE11). 13. Can a transparent table exist in data dictionary but not in the data base physically? ANS:- NO. TRANSPARENT TABLE DO EXIST WITH THE SAME STRUCTURE BOTH IN THE DICTIONARY AS WELL AS IN THE DATABASE,EXACTLY WITH THE SAME DATA AND FIELDS. 14. What are the domains and data elements? ANS:DOMAINS : FORMAL DEFINITION OF THE DATA TYPES.THEY SET

3 ATTRIBUTES SUCH AS DATA TYPE,LENGTH,RANGE. DATA ELEMENT : A FIELD IN R/3 SYSTEM IS A DATA ELEMENT. 15. Can you create a table with fields not referring to data elements? ANS:YES. eg:- ITAB LIKE SPFLI.here we are referening to a data object(SPFLI) not data element. 16. What is the advantage of structures? How do you use them in the ABAP programs? ANS:Adv:- GLOBAL EXISTANCE(these could be used by any other program without creating it again). 17. What does an extract statement do in the ABAP program? ANS:Once you have declared the possible record types as field groups and defined their structure, you can fill the extract dataset using the following statements: EXTRACT <fg>. When the first EXTRACT statement occurs in a program, the system creates the extract dataset and adds the first extract record to it. In each subsequent EXTRACT statement, the new extract record is added to the dataset EXTRACT HEADER. When you extract the data, the record is filled with the current values of the corresponding fields. As soon as the system has processed the first EXTRACT statement for a field group <fg>, the structure of the corresponding extract record in the extract dataset is fixed. You can no longer insert new fields into the field groups <fg> and HEADER. If you try to modify one of the field groups afterwards and use it in another EXTRACT statement, a runtime error occurs. By processing EXTRACT statements several times using different field groups, you fill the extract dataset with records of different length and structure. Since you can modify field groups dynamically up to their first usage in an EXTRACT statement, extract datasets provide the advantage that you need not determine the structure at the beginning of the program. 18. What is a collect statement? How is it different from append? ANS:If an entry with the same key already exists, the COLLECT statement does not append a new line, but adds the contents of the numeric fields in the work area to the contents of the numeric fields in the existing entry.

4 19. What is open sql vs native sql? ANS:- by Madhukar Open SQL , native SQL are the interfaces to create the database applicatons. Open SQL is consistant across different types of existing Databases. Native SQL is the database language specific to database.Its API is specific to the databse. Open SQL API is consistent across all vendors 20. What does an EXEC SQL stmt do in ABAP? What is the disadvantage of using it? ANS:21. What is the meaning of ABAP/4 editor integrated with ABAP/4 data dictionary? ANS:22. What are the events in ABAP/4 language? ANS:Initialization, At selection-screen,Start-of-selection,end-of-selection,top-of-page,end-ofpage, At line-selection,At user-command,At PF,Get,At New,At LAST,AT END, AT FIRST. 23. What is an interactive report? What is the obvious diff of such report compared with classical type reports? ANS:An Interactive report is a dynamic drill down report that produces the list on users choice. diff:a) THE LIST PRODUCED BY CLASSICAL REPORT DOESN'T allow user to interact with the system the list produced by interactive report allows the user to interact with the system. b) ONCE A CLASSICAL REPORT EXECUTED USER LOOSES CONTROL.IR USER HAS CONTROL. c) IN CLASSICAL REPORT DRILLING IS NOT POSSIBLE.IN INTERACTIVE DRILLING IS POSSIBLE. 24. What is a drill down report? ANS:Its an Interactive report where in the user can get more relavent data by selecting explicitly. 25. How do you write a function module in SAP? describe. ANS:creating function module:called program - se37-creating funcgrp,funcmodule by assigning attributes,importing,exporting,tables,exceptions.

5 calling program - SE38-in pgm click pattern and write function name- provide export,import,tables,exception values. 26. What are the exceptions in function module? ANS:COMMUNICATION_FAILURE SYSTEM_FAILURE 27. What is a function group? ANS:GROUP OF ALL RELATED FUNCTIONS. 28. How are the date and time field values stored in SAP? ANS:DD.MM.YYYY. HH:MM:SS 30. Name a few data dictionary objects? //rep// ANS:TABLES,VIEWS,STRUCTURES,LOCK OBJECTS,MATCHCODE OBJECTS. 31. What happens when a table is activated in DD? ANS:It is available for any insertion,modification and updation of records by any user. 32. What is a check table and what is a value table? Check table will be at field level checking. Value table will be at domain level checking ex: scarr table is check table for carrid. 33. What are match codes? describe? ans:It is a similar to table index that gives list of possible values for either primary keys or non-primary keys. 34. What transactions do you use for data analysis? ANS:35. What is table maintenance generator? ANS:36. What are ranges? What are number ranges? ANS:max,min values provided in selection screens. 37. What are select options and what is the diff from parameters? ANS:select options provide ranges where as parameters do not.

6 SELECT-OPTIONS declares an internal table which is automatically filled with values or ranges of values entered by the end user. For each SELECT-OPTIONS , the system creates a selection table. SELECT-OPTIONS <SEL> FOR <field>. A selection table is an internal table with fields SIGN, OPTION, LOW and HIGH. The type of LOW and HIGH is the same as that of <field>. The SIGN field can take the following values: I Inclusive (should apply) E Exclusive (should not apply) The OPTION field can take the following values: EQ Equal GT Greater than NE Not equal BT Between LE Less than or equal NB Not between LT Less than CP Contains pattern GE Greater than or equal NP No pattern. diff:PARAMETERS allow users to enter a single value into an internal field within a report. SELECT-OPTIONS allow users to fill an internal table with a range of values. For each PARAMETERS or SELECT-OPTIONS statement you should define text elements by choosing Goto - Text elements - Selection texts - Change. Eg:- Parameters name(30). when the user executes the ABAP/4 program,an input field for 'name' will appear on the selection screen.You can change the comments on the left side of the input fields by using text elements as described in Selection Texts. 38. How do you validate the selection criteria of a report? And how do you display initial values in a selection screen? ANS:validate :- by using match code objects. display :- Parameters <name> default 'xxx'. select-options <name> for spfli-carrid. 39. What are selection texts? ANS:40. What is CTS and what do you know about it? ANS:The Change and Transport System (CTS) is a tool that helps you to organize development projects in the ABAP Workbench and in Customizing, and then transport the changes between the SAP Systems and clients in your system landscape. This documentation provides you with an overview of how to manage changes with the CTS and essential information on setting up your system and client landscape and

7 deciding on a transport strategy. Read and follow this documentation when planning your development project. For practical information on working with the Change and Transport System, see Change and Transport Organizer and Transport Management System. 41. When a program is created and need to be transported to prodn does selection texts always go with it? if not how do you make sure? Can you change the CTS entries? How do you do it? ANS:42. What is the client concept in SAP? What is the meaning of client independent? ANS:43. Are programs client dependent? ANS:Yes.Group of users can access these programs with a client no. 44. Name a few system global variables you can use in ABAP programs? ANS:SY-SUBRC,SY-DBCNT,SY-LILLI,SY-DATUM,SY-UZEIT,SY-UCOMM,SYTABIX..... SY-LILLI IS ABSOLUTE NO OF LINES FROM WHICH THE EVENT WAS TRIGGERED. 45. What are internal tables? How do you get the number of lines in an internal table? How to use a specific number occurs statement? ANS:i)It is a standard data type object which exists only during the runtime of the program. They are used to perform table calculations on subsets of database tables and for reorganising the contents of database tables according to users need. ii)using SY-DBCNT. iii)The number of memory allocations the system need to allocate for the next record population. 46. How do you take care of performance issues in your ABAP programs? Performance of ABAPs can be improved by minimizing the amount of data to be transferred. The data set must be transferred through the network to the applications, so reducing the amount OF time and also reduces the network traffic. Some measures that can be taken are: - Use views defined in the ABAP/4 DDIC (also has the advantage of better reusability). - Use field list (SELECT clause) rather than SELECT *.

8 - Range tables should be avoided (IN operator) - Avoid nested SELECTS. i)system tools ii)field symbols and field groups. ans:Field Symbols : Field symbols are placeholders for existing fields. A Field Symbol does not physically reserve space for a field,but points to a field which is not known until runtime of the program. eg:- FIELD-SYMBOL <FS> [<TYPE>]. Field groups : A field group combines several fields under one name.At runtime,the INSERT command is used to define which data fields are assigned to which field group. There should always be a HEADER field group that defines how the extracted data will be sorted,the data is sorted by the fields grouped under the HEADER field group. 47. What are datasets? ANS:The sequential files(ON APPLICATION SERVER) are called datasets. They are used for file handling in SAP. 48. How to find the return code of a statement in ABAP programs? ANS:Using function modules. 49. What are interface/conversion programs in SAP? ANS : CONVERSION : LEGACY SYSTEM TO FLAT FILE. INTERFACE : FLAT FILE TO SAP SYSTEM. 50. Have you used SAP supplied programs to load master data? 51. What are the techniques involved in using SAP supplied programs? Do you prefer to write your own programs to load master data? Why? 52. What are logical databases? What are the advantages/disadvantages of logical databases? ANS:To read data from a database tables we use logical database. A logical database provides read-only access to a group of related tables to an ABAP/4 program. adv:The programmer need not worry about the primary key for each table.Because Logical database knows how the different tables relate to each other,and can issue the SELECT

9 command with proper where clause to retrieve the data. i)An easy-to-use standard user interface. ii)check functions which check that user input is complete,correct,and plausible. iii)meaningful data selection. iv)central authorization checks for database accesses. v)good read access performance while retaining the hierarchical data view determined by the application logic. disadv:i)If you donot specify a logical database in the program attributes,the GET events never occur. ii)There is no ENDGET command,so the code block associated with an event ends with the next event statement (such as another GET or an END-OF-SELECTION). 53. What specific statements do you using when writing a drill down report? ans:AT LINE-SELECTION,AT USER-COMMAND,AT PF. 54. What are different tools to report data in SAP? What all have you used? ans:55. What are the advantages and disadvantages of ABAP/4 query tool? 56. What are the functional areas? User groups? and how does ABAP/4 query work in relation to these? 57. Is a logical database a requirement/must to write an ABAP/4 query? 59. What are Change header/detail tables? Have you used them? 60. What do you do when the system crashes in the middle of a BDC batch session? ans:we will look into the error log file (SM35). 61. What do you do with errors in BDC batch sessions? ANS:We look into the list of incorrect session and process it again. To correct incorrect session we analyize the session to determine which screen and value produced the error.For small errors in data we correct them interactively otherwise modify batch input program that has generated the session or many times even the datafile. 62. How do you set up background jobs in SAP? What are the steps? What are the event driven batch jobs? ans:-

10 go to SM36 and create background job by giving job name,job class and job steps(JOB SCHEDULING) 63. Is it possible to run host command from SAP environment? How do you run? 64. What kind of financial periods exist in SAP? What is the relavent table for that? 65. Does SAP handle multiple currencies? Multiple languages? ans:Yes. 66. What is a currency factoring technique? 67. How do you document ABAP/4 programs? Do you use program documentation menu option? 68. What is SAPscript and layout set? ans:The tool which is used to create layout set is called SAPscript. Layout set is a design document. 69. What are the ABAP/4 commands that link to a layout set? ans:control commands,system commands, 70. What is output determination? 71. What are IDOCs? ans:IDOCs are intermediate documents to hold the messages as a container. 72. What are screen painter? menu painter? Gui status? ..etc. ans:dynpro - flow logic + screens. menu painter GUI Status - It is subset of the interface elements(title bar,menu bar,standard tool bar,push buttons) used for a certain screen. The status comprises those elements that are currently needed by the transaction. 73. What is screen flow logic? What are the sections in it? Explain PAI and PBO. ans:The control statements that control the screen flow. PBO - This event is triggered before the screen is displayed. PAI - This event is responsible for processing of screen after the user enters the data and clicks the pushbutton.

11 74. Overall how do you write transaction programs in SAP? ans:Create program-SE93-create transcode-Run it from command field. 75. Does SAP has a GUI screen painter or not? If yes what operating systems is it available on? What is the other type of screen painter called? 76. What are step loops? How do you program pagedown pageup in step loops? ans:step loops are repeated blocks of field in a screen. 77. Is ABAP a GUI language? ANS:Yes. ABAP IS AN EVENT DRIVEN LANGUAGE. 78. Normally how many and what files get created when a transaction program is written? What is the XXXXXTOP program? ans:ABAP/4 program. DYNPRO 79. What are the include programs? ANS:When the same sequence of statements in several programs are to be written repeadly they are coded in include programs (External programs) and are included in ABAP/4 programs. 80. Can you call a subroutine of one program from another program? ans:- Yes- only external subroutines Using 'SUBMIT' statement. 81. What are user exits? What is involved in writing them? What precations are needed? 82. What are RFCs? How do you write RFCs on SAP side? 83. What are the general naming conventions of ABAP programs? ANS:Should start with Y or Z. 84. How do you find if a logical database exists for your program requrements? ans:SLDB-F4.

12 85. How do you find the tables to report from when the user just tell you the transaction he uses? And all the underlying data is from SAP structures? ans:Transcode is entered in command field to open the table.Utilities-Table contents-display. 86. How do you find the menu path for a given transaction in SAP? ans:87. What are the different modules of SAP? ans:FI,CO,SD,MM,PP,HR. 89. How do you get help in ABAP? ans:HELP-SAP LIBRARY,by pressing F1 on a keyword. 90. What are different ABAP/4 editors? What are the differences? ans:91. What are the different elements in layout sets? ans:PAGES,Page windows,Header,Paragraph,Character String,Windows. 92. Can you use if then else, perform ..etc statements in sap script? ans:yes. 93. What type of variables normally used in sap script to output data? 94. How do you number pages in sapscript layout outputs? 95. What takes most time in SAP script programming? ANS:LAYOUT DESIGN AND LOGO INSERTION. 96. How do you use tab sets in layout sets? 97. How do you backup sapscript layout sets? Can you download and upload? How? 98. What are presentation and application servers in SAP? ANS:The application layer of an R/3 System is made up of the application servers and the message server. Application programs in an R/3 System are run on application servers. The application servers communicate with the presentation components, the database, and also with each other, using the message server.

13 99. In an ABAP/4 program how do you access data that exists on a presentation server vs on an application server? ans:i)using loop statements. ii)flat 100. What are different data types in ABAP/4? ans:Elementary predefined C,D,F,I,N,P,T,X. userdefined TYPES. ex: see in intel book page no 35/65 Structured predefined TABLES. userdefined Field Strings and internal tables. 101. What is difference between session method and Call Transaction? ans:102. Setting up a BDC program where you find information from? ans:103. What has to be done to the packed fields before submitting to a BDC session. ans:fields converted into character type. 104. What is the structure of a BDC sessions. ans:BDCDATA (standard structure). 105. What are the fields in a BDC_Tab Table. ans:program,dynpro,dynbegin,fnam,fval. 106. What do you define in the domain and data element. Technical details like 107. What is the difference between a pool table and a transparent table and how they are stored at the database level. ans:ii)Pool tables is a logical representation of transparent tables .Hence no existence at database level. Where as transparent tables are physical tables and exist at database level. 108. What is cardinality? For cardinality one out of two (domain or data element) should be the same for Ztest1

14 and Ztest2 tables. M:N Cardinality specifies the number of dependent(Target) and independent (source) entities which can be in a relationship.

Interview Question on BAPI, RFC, ABAP Objects, Tables

1) What is the difference between RFC and BAPI ? What are subclasses and super classes in BAPI and also what are the methods in BAPI ? 2) Is it possible to connect SAP to Non-SAP systems to retrieve data using RFC alone with out using BAPI ? 3) What is the difference between Function module and BAPI ? 4) What are the types of tables? 5) What are pooled table ? 6) What are Hashed Tables ? 7) What are advantages of using ABAP objects? 8) What is the advantage of using ABAP objects in Reports ? 1)BAPI are RFC enabled function modules. the difference between RFc and BAPI are business objects. You create business objects and those are then registered in your BOR (Business Object Repository) which can be accessed outside the SAP system by using some other applications (Non-SAP) such as VB or JAVA. in this case u only specify the business object and its method from external system in BAPI there is no direct system call. while RFC are direct system call Some BAPIs provide basic functions and can be used for most SAP business object types. These BAPIs should be implemented the same for all business object types. Standardized BAPIs are easier to use and prevent users having to deal with a number of different BAPIs. Whenever possible, a standardized BAPI must be used in preference to an individual BAPI. The following standardized BAPIs are provided: Reading instances of SAP business objects GetList ( ) With the BAPI GetList you can select a range of object key values, for example, company codes and material numbers. The BAPI GetList() is a class method. GetDetail() With the BAPI GetDetail() the details of an instance of a business object type are retrieved and returned to the calling program. The instance is identified via its key. The BAPI GetDetail() is an instance method. BAPIs that can create, change or delete instances of a business object type The following BAPIs of the same object type have to be programmed so that they can be called several times within one transaction. For example, if, after sales order 1 has been

15 created, a second sales order 2 is created in the same transaction, the second BAPI call must not affect the consistency of the sales order 2. After completing the transaction with a COMMIT WORK, both the orders are saved consistently in the database. Create( ) and CreateFromData! ( ) The BAPIs Create() and CreateFromData() create an instance of an SAP business object type, for example, a purchase order. These BAPIs are class methods. Change( ) The BAPI Change() changes an existing instance of an SAP business object type, for example, a purchase order. The BAPI Change () is an instance method. Delete( ) and Undelete( ) The BAPI Delete() deletes an instance of an SAP business object type from the database or sets a deletion flag. The BAPI Undelete() removes a deletion flag. These BAPIs are instance methods. Cancel ( ) Unlike the BAPI Delete(), the BAPI Cancel() cancels an instance of a business object type. The instance to be cancelled remains in the database and an additional instance is created and this is the one that is actually canceled. The Cancel() BAPI is an instance method. Add<subobject> ( ) and Remove<subobject> ( ) The BAPI Add<subobject> adds a subobject to an existing object inst! ance and the BAPI and Remove<subobject> removes a subobject from an object instance. These BAPIs are instance methods. 2) No it is not possible to connect SAP to Non-SAP systems to retrieve data using RFC alone. RFC can acces the SAP from outside only through BAPI and same is for vice versa access. 3) Each Bapi Object has Interface, Key Fields, Attributes,Methods and Events. Bapi Function Modules can be attached to these Bapi objects .Function module has a single bound functionality while a BAPI object can contain many functionalities 4) Transparent table, Pool table and cluster table are data dictionary table objects sorted table, indexed table and hash table are internal tables. 5)Table pools (pools) and table clusters (clusters) are special table types in the ABAP Dictionary. The data from several different tables can be stored together in a table pool or table cluster. Tables assigned to a table pool or table cluster are referred to as pooled tables or cluster tables. A table in the database in which all records from the pooled tables assigned to the table pool are stored corresponds to a table pool.

16 The definition of a pool consists essentially of two key fields (Tabname and Varkey) and a long argument field (Vardata). Table Clusters Several logical data records from different cluster tables can be stored together in one physical record in a table cluster. A cluster key consists of a series of freely definable key fields and a field (Pageno) for distinguishing continuation records. A cluster also contains a long field (Vardata) that contains the contents of the data fields of the cluster tables for this key. If the data does not fit into the long field, continuation records are created. Control information on the structure of the data string is still written at the beginning of the Vardata field. 6) Hashed tables This is the most appropriate type for any table where the main operation is key access. You cannot access a hashed table using its index. The response time for key access remains constant, regardless of the number of table entries. Like database tables, hashed tables always have a unique key. Hashed tables are useful if you want to construct and use an internal table which resembles a database table or for processing large amounts of data. Sample Prog: This does nothing. REPORT Z_1 . tables: mara. data: i type hashed table of mara with unique key matnr 7) and 8) ABAP objects are root for your program and reports. What is the different btween clear and refresh? There are 2 types of clear statements we can use: Clear ITAB : This Statement will clear the Internal Table Header content. To clear the Intertal Table Hearder as well Body we can use Clear ITAB [ ] statement. Refresh will deletes the Internal Table content but still memory is not freed. What is the pick statment do? Pick Statemnt will captures the UserAction. Eg: if SY-UCOMM = 'X'. This type of user actions can be captured thru PICK Statement only. What is the different between sesstion method and call transaction method and suppose I used one method to transform the data next time suppose I want transform the data which method I can use.

17 There are many difference between Session method and Call Transaction. Which method we have to use will be found based on Volume Of data and Accuracy of data given. Mainly Call Transaction used for small sets of data because in Call Transaction we have to Handle the Processing errors explicitly. We can do this by BDCMSGCOLL structure. In Session method seperate session will crate for errors. Calll Transaction will update the Database fastly compare with Session Method. What is single and upto one row different? The Major difference between Select Single and Select UPTO 1 rows is The Usage Of Buffer for each. Select Single will search for all the satisfied data and bring all that data into Buffer and later it will give to that data to the program. Select UPTO 1 Rows will end the search after getting the 1st satisfied record and gives that record to the program. Thus Select Single will take much processing time when compare with Select UPTO 1 rows. What is the differences between selection screen and selection screen out? The difference between Selection Screen and Selection Screen Output is we use the Selection Screen Output Event before the Selection Screen will displayed. Eg: Suppose if we want to disable some fields and enable some fields in the Selection Screen then we can code that in Section-Screen Output event. Selection-Screen Event will trigger after section-screen is displayed and user action takes place on that. Tips by : Rashi Agnihotri, Sreeram

Answers to some ABAP Interview Questions

Questions which I have faced in an interview: 1) What is runtime analysis? Have you used this? 2) What is meant by performance analysis? Have done anything to improve the performance? 3) How to transfer the objects? Have to transferred any objects? 4) How did you test the developed objects? 5) What is the difference between SAP Memory and ABAP Memory? 6) In order to upload Purchase order details, how you handle multiple values for a single field? Eg: Item field may contain no. of values for a record 7) What is the procedure you followed to upload the data? 8) How did you handle errors in Call Transaction?

18 9) Among the Call Transaction and Session Method, which is faster? 10) What are the difference between Interactive and Drill Down Reports? 11) How to pass the variables to forms? 12) How to create a link between modified form and modified print program? 13) What is the table, which contain the details of all the name of the programs and forms? 14) How did you test the form u developed? How did you taken print? 15) What are Standard Texts? 16) What is the difference between Clustered Tables and Pooled Tables? 17) What is pf-status? 18) Among "Move" and "Move Corresponding", which is efficient one? 19) What are the output type and Tcodes? 20) Where we use Chain and Endchain? 21) Do you use select statement in loop endloop, how will be the performance? To improve the performance? 22) In select-options, how to get the default values as current month first date and last date by default? Eg: 1/12/2004 and 31/12/2004 Go thru these answers: 1) What is runtime analysis? Have you used this? It's checks program execution time in microseconds. When you go to se30.if you give desired program name in performance file. It will take you to below screen. You can get how much past is your program. 2) What is meant by performance analysis? Have done 3) How to transfer the objects? Have you transferred any objects? 4) How did you test the developed objects? I was testing a developed object. There are two types of testing - Negative testing - Positive testing In negative testing we will give negative data in input and we check any errors occurs. In positive testing we will give positive data in input for checking errors. 8) How did you handle errors in Call Transaction? We can create a internal table like 'bsgmcgcoll'. All the messages will go to internal table. We can get errors in this internal table.

19 Below messages are go to internal table. when you run the call transaction. - Message type - Message id - Message Number - Variable1 - Variable2 - Variable3 9) Among the Call Transaction and Session Method, which is faster? Call transaction is faster then session method. But usually we use session method in real time...because we can transfer large amount of data from internal table to database and if any errors in a session. Process will not complete until session get correct. 10) What are the difference between Interactive and Drill Down Reports? ABAP/4 provides some interactive events on lists such as AT LINE-SELECTION (double click) or AT USER-COMMAND (pressing a button). You can use these events to move through layers of information about individual items in a list. Drill down report is nothing but interactive report...drilldown means above paragraph only. 11) How to pass the variables to forms? 12) What is the table, which contain the details of all the name of the programs and forms? Table contains vertical and horizontal lines. We can store the data in table as blocks. We can scroll depends upon your wish. And these all are stored in database (data dictionary). Which contain the details of all the name of the programs and forms? (I don't know). 13) How did you test the form u developed? How did you taken print? 14) What are Standard Texts? 16) What is the difference between Clustered Tables and Pooled Tables? A pooled table is used to combine several logical tables in the ABAP/4 dictionary. Pooled tables are logical tables that must be assigned to a table pool when they are defined.

20 Cluster table are logical tables that must be assigned to a table cluster when they are defined. Cluster table can be used to store control data they can also used to store temporary data or text such as documentation. 17) What is pf-status? Pf status is used in interactive report for enhancing the functionality. If we go to se41, we can get menus, items and different function keys, which we are using for secondary list in interactive report. 18) Among "Move" and "Move Corresponding", which is efficient one? I guess, 'move corresponding' is very efficient then 'move' statement. Because usually we use this stamtent for internal table fields only...so if we give move corresponding. Those fields only moving to other place (what ever you want). 19) What are the output type and Tcodes? 20) Where we use Chain and End chain? 21) Do you use select statement in loop end loop, how will be the performance? To improve the performance? 22) In select-options, how to get the default values as current month first date and last date by default? Eg: 1/12/2004 and 31/12/2004 Prem Kumar

ABAP Interview Questions

1. How data is stored in cluster table? Each field of cluster table behaves as tables which contains the no. of entries. 2. What are client dependant objects in abap/sap? SAP Script layout, text element, and some DDIC objects. 3. On which even we can validate the input fields in module progams? In PAI (Write field statement on field you want to validate, if you want to validate group of fields put in chain and End chain statement.)

21 4. In selection screen I have three fields, plant mat no and material group. If I input plant how do I get the mat no and material group based on plant dynamically? AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR MATERIAL. CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST' to get material and material group for the plant. 5. How do you get output from IDOC? Data in IDOc is stored in segments, the output from Idoc is obtained by reading the data stored in its respective segments. 6. When top of the page event is triggered? After excuteing first write statement in start-of-selection event. 7. Can we create field without data element and how? In SE11 one option is available above the fields strip. Data element/ direct type. 8. How do we debug sapscript? Go to SE71 give lay set name , go to utilities select debugger mode on. 9. Which transaction code can I used to analyze the performance of ABAP program. TCode AL21. 10. How can I copy a standard table to make my own z_table. Go to transaction SE11. Then there is one option to copy table. Press that button. Enter the name of the standard table and in the Target table enter Z table name and press enter. Following are some of the answers which I gave upto my knowledge. 1. What is the use of 'outerjoin' Ans. With the use of outer join you can join the tables even there is no entry in all the tables used in the view. In case of inner join there should be an entry in al the tables use in the view. 2. When to use logical database? Ans. Advantage of Logical databases: less coding s required to retrieve data compared to normal internel tables. Tables used LDB are in hierarchial structure. 3. What is the use of 'table index'? Ans .Index is used for faster access of data base tables. 4. What is the use of 'FOR ALL ENTRIES'? Ans. To avoid nested select statements we use SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES statement. If there r more than 10000 records SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES is used. Performance wise SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES is better to use.

22 5. Can you set up background processing using CALL TRANSACTION? Yes,Using No Screen Mode. 6. What are table buffers? Table buffers reside locally on each application server in the system. The data of buffered tables can thus be accessed directly from the buffer of the application server. This avoids the time-consuming process of accessing the database. Buffering is useful if table needs to be accessed more no. of times in a program. With Compliments from: Pavan 1. How do I set a flag for a field in any table? Create a char field of length 1. for example field STAS-LKENZ is Deletion Indicator. It means that if the value in the field is 'X' then that record has been deleted. 2. Can I execute user exits? If yes, how? Yes you can. after finding the user exit, you need to use, goto CMOD add ur user-exit to your project. Then activate the FM which you require. Now go into that function module there will be a Include program wit name ZX* . Double click on it, it will ask to create an object, answer it Yes and then write your code in it. 3. How do I find the output type of a table or a program? Table TNAPR / NAST ABAP Tips by : AKHIL