A. Intermediate frame 6.A.

1 Loads:

6. COLUMN
-Checking the member for the following combination of loads: For load case 1.5 [DL+OL+WL_0DEG], for member no. 401 in STAAD file Case 1: Fx = -750 kN -maxm. axial tension Mz = 1730 kN-m -moment For load case 1.2 [DL+OL+LL+WL_135DEG], for member no. 401 in STAAD file Case 2: Fx = 710 kN -maxm. axial compression Mz = 1650 kN-m -moment

Vmax = Fy,max

780 kN

-maxm. shear force

-the beam is connected at the face of column. Forces to be tranferred at the centroid of column: Offset, o = 750 mm -offset of column in major axis directn.

6.A.2 Sectional properties & end conditions:

Section: 4 x 300 NB 6 THK. = = = = = TATA STRUCTURA 323.9 mm 6.3 mm 311.3 mm 6286 mm2 49.34 kg/m
y

Properties: Individual memberOuter diameter of pipe Thickness Inner diameter of pipe A Self-wt. ## Izz = Iyy = 79288969 mm Composite sectionIt = 158.58 x10 Acomp. mm4
z

25143.8 mm

## Self-wt.comp
9 4

197.4 kg/m

Fig. 4.a Column c/s Izz,comp. = 14.46 x10 Iyy,comp. mm mm4 5.80 x10
9

1.32 x10

mm6 4 -warping const.

It,comp

15.78 x10 mm

-torsional constant zpz,comp = 18.86 x10 zpy,comp zez,comp zey,comp rz ry fy fu = = = = = = = 5.03 x10 15.86 x10 3.65 x10 758.36 mm 229.38 mm 310 MPa 450 MPa

mm3 mm3 mm3 mm3 -plastic section modulus -elastic section modulus -radius of gyration Structural restrain: L = 12000 mm LLT = 0.8 L = k = .'. kL = 12000 mm 2 24000 mm

-unrestrained length

.2, IS 800- 2007]

0.5

le 15, IS 800- 2007], (full torsional strain, partial warping restrain) -for effective length of compression member (one end fixed, other free)
I rr2
y

Iw

GIt LLT 2

-elastic critical moment

Mcr =

LLT

Iy +

I rr2 y

[Annex. E-1.1, IS 800- 2007] E = 200000 MPa G = 79300 MPa Mcr fcr,b .'. fbd -extreme fibre bending compressive stress Section Classification: D/t = 51.4 = D/t < .'. b Mdz = 0.90 1462 = = 0.84 bzpfbd

-Young's modulus -modulus of rigidity = = = = 150655.8 kN-m Mcr / Zpx 7989.0 MPa 281.8 MPa

As section is semi-compact

4468.4 kN-m F- axial force, o-offset for case I for case II OK

-moment capacity @ major axis Mz,max = Mz + (F x o) = = > 2292.5 kN-m 2182.5 kN-m Mz,max

Mdz

6.A.4 Tensile strength:

-considering yeilding of gross section Td = Agfy/mo -design tensile strength -maxm. axial tension OK [As per Cl. 6.2 of IS 800- 2007] = 7086.0 kN Tmax = 750 kN Td > Tmax

6.A.5 Compressive strength:

1.05 x (kL/rmin) =

109.86 mm

-for laced column

.5, IS 800- 2007] Buckling class = c fc = 101.19 MPa

r built-up sections as per Table10, IS 800- 2007] [Table 9(c) of IS 800- 2007] Pd = 2544.3 kN Pmax = 710.0 kN

-design compressive strength -maxm. axial compression P d > Pmax OK

COMBINED CHECKS:

6.A.6 Section strength:

N My

[As per Sec. 9.3.1 of IS 800- 2007]

Mz

1.0

Nd + Mdy + Mdz

N= My N My Mz Nd + Mdy + Mdz = = =

750 kN 710 kN 0 kN-m 0.62 OK

-axial tension -axial compression -no moment acting @ minor axis -for Case I

0.59

-for Case II [As per Sec. 9.3.2.1, IS 800- 2007]

6.A.7 Overall member strength:

A) Bending + Axial tension

Meff = Md

= [M-TZec/A] Md 1 > Meff -T & M cannot vary independently Meff OK [As per Sec. 9.3.2.2, IS 800- 2007] = 2292.50 kN-m

B) Bending + Axial compression

p pdy +

Cmy My Ky

Mdy

+ KLT

Mz Mdz

1.0

Cmy My

Ky

+ Kz

Cmz Mz

1.0

pdz + 0.6

Mdy

Mdz

Ky Kz KLT

LT ny

= = =

1+(y-0.2)ny 1 + 0.8ny 1+(z-0.2)nz 1 + 0.8nz

0.25 CmLT

0.1ny

1C

0.25

=
z
y

fcc =

fy

fcc

rr2

kL

fcc,z .'. z nz = = =

= 0.40 P/Pd

1970.9 MPa

0.279

fy

LT

fcr,b

fcr,b LT CmLT

= = = =

7989.0 MPa 0.20 0.7 0.7

Cmy = Cmz

[Table 18, IS 800- 2007] (M2/M1 = 0.2) Ky = Kz KLT My = = = 1.1 0.99 0 kN-m -no moment acting @ minor axis

p pdy

+ Ky

CmyMy Mdy

Mz

+ KLT

dz

= p CmyMy

0.76

OK

K Cmz Mz

0.64

OK

pdz + 0.6

Mdy +

Mdz

6.A.8 Design of Lacings:

-Lacings are designed to take the shear force on the column section Lacings would be of two types: i) Primary: these take shear force obtained by analysis acting along the y directn. (Fig. 4.a) ii) Secondary: these take shear = 2.5% of axial load along the z directn. (Fig. 4.a) Fy (shear)

P = 2.5% of axial force 1500

400

Fig. 4.b- Lacing arrangement i) Primary Lacings: LoadsFy,max = 780 kN Section: Properties: 150 NB 4.5 THK. = = = = =

-maxm. SF in the column TATA STRUCTURA 165.1 mm 4.5 mm 156.1 mm 2270 mm2 17.82 kg/m

Outer diameter of pipe Thickness Inner diameter of pipe A Self-wt. -c/s area Ixx = Iyy = It = mm4 mm4 -second moment of area -torsional const. zp = (d 3 - d 3)/6 = ze = mm3 -elastic section modulus rmin = 56.8 mm fy = 310 MPa 116.10 x103 mm3 89 x10 7.33 x10 14.65 x10

-plastic section modulus

-radius of gyration -grade of steel fu = 450 MPa

Structural restraink = 1 Other Parameters-both ends pinned, as lacings take only axial loads s = 3000 mm -spacing of lacing system P = 551.5 kN = 45 ks/r1 50 0.7 (kL/rmin)comp. -axial compression on each lacing element [As per Cl. 7.6.5.1, IS 800- 2007] r1 - radius of gyration of individual member being laced together 0.7 (kL/rmin)comp. r1 = = ks/r1 = 26.7 mm 73.24 mm OK (kL/rmin)comp. -for the composite section 112.31 mm

Compression capacityL = 2121 mm kL/rmin = 37.35 mm -c/c length of each lacing member

Buckling class = a fc = 263.15 MPa

r hollow sections as per Table10, IS 800- 2007] [Table 9(a) of IS 800- 2007] Pd = 597.5 kN Pmax = 551.5 kN

-design compressive strength -maxm. axial compression P d > Pmax OK

ii) Secondary Lacings: LoadsP = 47.6 kN Section: 32 NB 3.2 THK. Properties: Outer diameter of pipe = Inner diameter of pipe = A = 307 mm2 Ixx = Iyy It = mm4 mm4 -second moment of area -torsional const. zp = (d 3 - d 3)/6 x103 mm3 = = = = = = z mm3 -elastic section modulus rmin fy fu 2.99 2 10.8 310 450 1 x103 = 0.04 x10 0.07 x10

-2.5% of (P + M/d) TATA STRUCTURA 33.7 mm Thickness = 27.3 mm -c/s area Self-wt. = 3.2 mm 2.41 kg/m

-plastic section modulus

mm -radius of gyration MPa -grade of steel MPa Structural restraink Other Parameters-considering both ends pinned s = 750 mm -spacing of lacing system @ z-axis P = 32.6 kN

 = ks/r1

43 50

0.7 (kL/rmin)comp. -axial compression on each lacing element [As per Cl. 7.6.5.1, IS 800- 2007] r1 - radius of gyration of individual member being laced together 0.7 (kL/rmin)comp. r1 = = ks/r1 = 6.7 mm 73.24 mm OK (kL/rmin)comp. -for the composite section 112.31 mm

Compression capacityL = 548 mm kL/rmin = 50.57 mm -c/c length of each lacing member Buckling class = a fc = 247.06 MPa

r hollow sections as per Table10, IS 800- 2007] [Table 9(a) of IS 800- 2007] Pd = 75.8 kN Pmax = 32.6 kN

-design compressive strength -maxm. axial compression P d > Pmax OK

6.A.9 Welded connection between lacing & column:

Force to be transmitted, Fmax Grade of weld = = = fu = fy = 551.5 kN 32.6 kN Fe 540 540 MPa 410 MPa -for primary lacing -for secondary lacing

i) Primary Lacing-Using fillet weld for the joint Weld thickness = 4 mm tt = 2.83 mm mw = 1.25 Weld capacity =
fu

3y
mw

t
t

N/mm -effective throat thickness of weld -for shop fabrications = 587.9 N/mm 938.2 mm -using welded gusset plated connection for the member: 275.0 mm 1100.0 mm OK Fig. 4.c- Typical welded gusset plated connection ii) Secondary Lacing-Using fillet weld for the joint Weld thickness = 3 mm tt = 2.12 mm mw = 1.25 -effective throat thickness of weld -for shop fabrications Weld capacity = 440.9 N/mm Weld length reqd. Provided weld length = = 74.0 mm 105.9 mm OK

6.A.10 Welded connection between gusset plate & column CHS:

-Gusset plate is provided for primary lacings -Gusset plate transfers force from lacings to column members Force transferred, F Grade of plate = = fu = fy t = = 551.5 kN Fe 540 540 MPa 410 MPa 6 mm

-thickness of gusset plate Grade of weld = Fe 540 fu = 540 MPa fy = 410 MPa -Using fillet weld for the joint Weld thickness = 6 mm tt = 4.24 mm mw = 1.25 Weld capacity =

fu

3y
mw

t
t

N/mm -effective throat thickness of weld -for shop fabrications = 1058.2 N/mm Weld length reqd. Provided weld length = l= = 521.2 350.0 mm 700 mm -length of plate -providing weld on both sides

B. End frame 6.B.1 Loads:

-Checking the member for the following combination of loads: For load case 1.5 [DL+OL+WL_0DEG], for member no. 401 in STAAD file Case 1: Fx = -230 kN -maxm. axial tension Mz = 475 kN-m -moment For load case 1.2 [DL+OL+LL+WL_135DEG], for member no. 401 in STAAD file Case 2: Fx = 245 kN -maxm. axial compression Mz = 510 kN-m -moment

Vmax = Fy,max

240 kN

-maxm. shear force

-the beam is connected at the face of column. Forces to be tranferred at the centroid of column: Offset, o = 750 mm -offset of column in major axis directn.

6.B.2 Sectional properties & end conditions:

Section: 4 x 200 NB 6 THK. = = = = = TATA STRUCTURA 219.1 mm 6 mm 207.1 mm 4017 mm2 31.53 kg/m
y

Properties: Individual memberOuter diameter of pipe Thickness Inner diameter of pipe A Self-wt. ## Izz = Iyy = 22819474 mm

Composite sectionIt = 45.64 x10 Acomp. mm4

z

16067.36 mm

## Self-wt.comp
9 4

126.1 kg/m

Fig. 4.a Column c/s Izz,comp. = 9.13 x10 Iyy,comp. mm mm4 1.70 x10
9

0.73 x10

mm6 4 -warping const. It,comp = 9.86 x10 mm

-torsional constant zpz,comp = 12.05 x10 zpy,comp zez,comp zey,comp rz ry fy fu = = = = = = = 3.21 x10 10.62 x10 2.37 x10 753.78 mm 213.73 mm 310 MPa 450 MPa

mm3 mm3 mm3 mm3 -plastic section modulus -elastic section modulus -radius of gyration Structural restrain: L = 12000 mm LLT = 0.8 L = k = .'. kL = 12000 mm 2 24000 mm

-unrestrained length

.2, IS 800- 2007]

0.5

le 15, IS 800- 2007], (full torsional

strain, partial warping restrain) -for effective length of compression member (one end fixed, other free)
I rr2
y

Iw

GIt LLT 2

-elastic critical moment

Mcr =

LLT

Iy +

I rr2 y

[Annex. E-1.1, IS 800- 2007] E = 200000 MPa G Mcr = = 79300 MPa 88710.3 kN-m

-Young's modulus -modulus of rigidity

fcr,b = Mcr / Zpx = 7361.5 MPa .'. fbd = 281.8 MPa -extreme fibre bending compressive stress Section Classification: D/t = 36.5 = 0.90 D/t < 522 As section is compact Section is compact

[Table 2, IS 800- 2007]

.00

Mdz =

bzpfbd

3395.8 kN-m F- axial force, o-offset for case I for case II OK

-moment capacity @ major axis Mz,max = Mz + (F x o) = = Mdz 647.5 kN-m 693.8 kN-m > Mz,max

6.B.4 Tensile strength:

-considering yeilding of gross section Td = Agfy/mo -design tensile strength -maxm. axial tension OK 117.91 mm -for laced column [As per Cl. 6.2 of IS 800- 2007] = 4528.1 kN Tmax = 230 kN Td > Tmax

6.B.5 Compressive strength:

1.05 x (kL/rmin) =

.5, IS 800- 2007] Buckling class = c fc = 90.92 MPa

r built-up sections as per Table10, IS 800- 2007] [Table 9(c) of IS 800- 2007] Pd = 1460.9 kN Pmax = 245.0 kN

-design compressive strength -maxm. axial compression P d > Pmax OK

COMBINED CHECKS:

6.B.6 Section strength:

N My

[As per Sec. 9.3.1 of IS 800- 2007]

Mz

1.0

Nd + Mdy + Mdz

N= My N My Mz Nd + Mdy + Mdz = = =

230 kN 245 kN 0 kN-m 0.24 OK

-axial tension -axial compression -no moment acting @ minor axis -for Case I

0.26

-for Case II [As per Sec. 9.3.2.1, IS 800- 2007] -T & M cannot vary independently Meff OK [As per Sec. 9.3.2.2, IS 800- 2007] = 647.50 kN-m

6.B.7 Overall member strength:

A) Bending + Axial tension Meff = Md > Meff = [M-TZec/A] Md 1

B) Bending + Axial compression

p pdy +

Cmy My Ky

Mdy

+ KLT

Mz Mdz

1.0

Cmy My

Ky

+ Kz

Cmz Mz

1.0

pdz + 0.6

Mdy

Mdz

Ky Kz KLT

LT ny

= = =

1+(y-0.2)ny 1 + 0.8ny 1+(z-0.2)nz 1 + 0.8nz

0.25 CmLT

0.1ny

1C

0.25

=
z
y

fcc =

fy

fcc

rr2

kL

fcc,z .'. z nz =
fy

= 0.40 P/Pd

1947.1 MPa

= =

0.168

LT

fcr,b

fcr,b LT CmLT

= = = =

7361.5 MPa 0.21 0.7 0.7

Cmy = Cmz

[Table 18, IS 800- 2007] (M2/M1 = 0.2) Ky = Kz KLT My = = = 1.0 0.99 0 kN-m -no moment acting @ minor axis

p pdy

+ Ky

CmyMy Mdy

Mz

+ KLT

dz

= p CmyMy

0.37

OK

K Cmz Mz

0.32

OK

pdz + 0.6

Mdy +

Mdz

6.B.8 Design of Lacings:

-Lacings are designed to take the shear force on the column section Lacings would be of two types: i) Primary: these take shear force obtained by analysis acting along the y directn. (Fig. 4.a) ii) Secondary: these take shear = 2.5% of axial load along the z directn. (Fig. 4.a) Fy (shear)

P = 2.5% of axial force 1500 i) Primary Lacings: LoadsFy,max = 240 kN Section: Properties: 80 NB 3.2 THK. = = = = =

400

-maxm. SF in the column TATA STRUCTURA 88.9 mm 4 mm 80.9 mm 1067 mm2 8.38 kg/m

Outer diameter of pipe Thickness Inner diameter of pipe A Self-wt. -c/s area Ixx = Iyy = It = mm4 mm4 -second moment of area -torsional const. zp = (d 3 - d 3)/6 = 28.85 x103 mm3 0.96 x10 1.93 x10

-plastic section modulus

ze

22 x10

mm3 -elastic section modulus rmin = 30.0 mm fy = 310 MPa -radius of gyration -grade of steel fu = 450 MPa

Structural restraink = 1 Other Parameters-both ends pinned, as lacings take only axial loads s = 3000 mm -spacing of lacing system P = 169.7 kN = 45 ks/r1 50 0.7 (kL/rmin)comp. -axial compression on each lacing element [As per Cl. 7.6.5.1, IS 800- 2007] r1 - radius of gyration of individual member being laced together 0.7 (kL/rmin)comp. r1 = = ks/r1 = 39.8 mm 78.60 mm OK (kL/rmin)comp. -for the composite section 75.37 mm

Compression capacityL = 2121 mm kL/rmin = 70.59 mm -c/c length of each lacing member Buckling class = a fc = 209.58 MPa

r hollow sections as per Table10, IS 800- 2007] [Table 9(a) of IS 800- 2007] Pd = 223.6 kN Pmax = 169.7 kN

-design compressive strength -maxm. axial compression P d > Pmax OK

ii) Secondary Lacings: LoadsP = 14.6 kN Section: 32 NB 2.6 THK. Properties: Outer diameter of pipe = Inner diameter of pipe = A = 307 mm2 Ixx = Iyy It = mm4 mm4 = 0.04 x10 0.07 x10

-2.5% of (P + M/d) TATA STRUCTURA 33.7 mm Thickness = 27.3 mm -c/s area Self-wt. = 3.2 mm 2.41 kg/m

-second moment of area -torsional const. zp = (d 3 - d 3)/6 x103 mm3 = = = = = = z mm3 -elastic section modulus rmin fy fu mm -radius of gyration MPa -grade of steel MPa Structural restraink Other Parameters-considering both ends pinned s = 750 mm -spacing of lacing system @ z-axis P = 10.0 kN = 43 ks/r1 50 0.7 (kL/rmin)comp. -axial compression on each lacing element [As per Cl. 7.6.5.1, IS 800- 2007] r1 - radius of gyration of individual member being laced together 0.7 (kL/rmin)comp. r1 = = ks/r1 = 10.0 mm 78.60 mm OK (kL/rmin)comp. -for the composite section 75.37 mm 2.99 2 10.8 310 450 1 x103 -plastic section modulus

Compression capacityL = 548 mm kL/rmin = 50.57 mm -c/c length of each lacing member Buckling class = a fc = 247.06 MPa

r hollow sections as per Table10, IS 800- 2007] [Table 9(a) of IS 800- 2007] Pd = 75.8 kN

-design compressive strength

Pmax

10.0 kN

-maxm. axial compression P d

> Pmax

OK

6.B.9 Welded connection between lacing & column:

Force to be transmitted, Fmax Grade of weld = = = fu = fy = 169.7 kN 10.0 kN Fe 540 540 MPa 410 MPa -for primary lacing -for secondary lacing

i) Primary Lacing-Using full penetration groove weld for the joint Weld thickness = 4 mm tt = 4 mm -effective throat thickness of weld mw = 1.25
fu

-for shop fabrications

Weld capacity =
3y
mw

t
t

N/mm = 831.4 N/mm Weld length reqd. = 204.1 mm Provided weld length = 279.3 mm -providing weld around the whole circumference of the tube ii) Secondary LacingWeld thickness = 3 mm tt = 2.12 mm -effective throat thickness of weld -for shop fabrications mw = 1.25 Weld capacity Weld length reqd. Provided weld length = = = 440.9 22.7 mm 105.9 mm

OK

-fillet weld

OK