Greek Tragedies I: Aeschylus: Agamemnon, Prometheus Bound; Sophocles: Oedipus the King, Antigone; Euripides: Hippolytus
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About this ebook
Greek Tragedies, Volume I contains:
Aeschylus’s “Agamemnon,” translated by Richmond Lattimore
Aeschylus’s “Prometheus Bound,” translated by David Grene
Sophocles’s “Oedipus the King,” translated by David Grene
Sophocles’s “Antigone,” translated by Elizabeth Wyckoff
Euripides’s “Hippolytus,” translated by David Grene.
Sixty years ago, the University of Chicago Press undertook a momentous project: a new translation of the Greek tragedies that would be the ultimate resource for teachers, students, and readers. They succeeded. Under the expert management of eminent classicists David Grene and Richmond Lattimore, those translations combined accuracy, poetic immediacy, and clarity of presentation to render the surviving masterpieces of Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides in an English so lively and compelling that they remain the standard translations.
In this highly anticipated third edition, Mark Griffith and Glenn W. Most have carefully updated the translations to bring them even closer to the ancient Greek while retaining the vibrancy they the for which our English versions are famous. New introductions for each play offer essential information about its first production, plot, and reception in antiquity and beyond. Each volume includes an introduction to the life and work of its tragedian, as well as notes addressing textual uncertainties and a glossary of names and places mentioned in the plays. In addition to the new content, the volumes have been reorganized both within and between volumes to reflect the most up-to-date scholarship on the order in which the plays were originally written. The result is a collection destined to introduce new generations of readers to these foundational works of Western drama, art, and life.
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Greek Tragedies I - David Grene
AGAMEMNON
AESCHYLUS
Translated by Richmond Lattimore
INTRODUCTION TO AESCHYLUS’ AGAMEMNON
Agamemnon is the first part of the trilogy known as the Oresteia, the other two parts being The Libation Bearers and The Eumenides. The trilogy was presented in 458 BCE and won first prize.
According to the legend, in the version used by Aeschylus, Atreus tricked his brother, Thyestes, into devouring his own children, all but one. Thyestes cursed the entire house. In the next generation, Agamemnon and Menelaus, sons of Atreus, were kings in Argos. Helen, wife of Menelaus, eloped to Troy with Paris (Alexander). Agamemnon led the expedition to Troy to recover her, and, to procure favorable winds to get there, sacrificed his daughter, Iphigeneia, to Artemis. Meanwhile Agamemnon’s wife Clytaemestra took as her lover Aegisthus, the only surviving son of Thyestes. Agamemnon and Clytaemestra arranged a series of beacons between Argos and Troy, by which he would signal the capture of the city.
It is at this point that Agamemnon begins. The action consists of a short, simple series of events: the return of Agamemnon with his captured war prize, Cassandra; his formal reception and entrance into the palace; the murder of Agamemnon and Cassandra by Clytaemestra and Aegisthus; and, at the end, their defiance of Argos and its citizens. The power of the drama lies partly in the arrangement of these events, partly also in the choral lyrics and long speeches, in which the tragic scenes of the past, flashbacks in memory, as well as hints about the future, are made to enlarge and illuminate the action and persons before us.
AGAMEMNON
Characters
WATCHMAN
CHORUS of Argive Elders
CLYTAEMESTRA, wife of Agamemnon
HERALD
AGAMEMNON, son of Atreus and king of Argos
CASSANDRA, daughter of King Priam of Troy
AEGISTHUS, cousin of Agamemnon
Scene: Argos, in front of the palace of King Agamemnon. The Watchman is posted on the roof.
WATCHMAN
(A light shows in the distance.)
(Exit. Enter the Chorus from the side.)
CHORUS [chanting]
STROPHE A
ANTISTROPHE A
EPODE
STROPHE B
ANTISTROPHE B
STROPHE C
ANTISTROPHE C
STROPHE D
ANTISTROPHE D
STROPHE E
ANTISTROPHE E
STROPHE F
ANTISTROPHE F
(Enter Clytaemestra.)
CHORUS LEADER
CLYTAEMESTRA
CHORUS LEADER
CLYTAEMESTRA
CHORUS LEADER
CLYTAEMESTRA
CHORUS LEADER
CLYTAEMESTRA
CHORUS LEADER
CLYTAEMESTRA
CHORUS LEADER
CLYTAEMESTRA
CHORUS LEADER
CLYTAEMESTRA
CHORUS LEADER
CLYTAEMESTRA
CHORUS LEADER
CLYTAEMESTRA
CHORUS LEADER
(Exit Clytaemestra into the palace.)
STROPHE A
ANTISTROPHE A