NAME:

Acids & Bases Review Packet - KEY

1. Fortheequilibriumthatexistsinanaqueoussolutionofnitrousacid(HNO 2,aweak
acid),theequilibriumconstantexpressionis:
a)

K=

d)

K=

c)K=[H+][NO2]

b)K=
e)

noneofthese

2. Whichofthefollowingisaconjugateacid/basepair?
a)
d)

HCl/OCl
H3O+/OH

b)
e)

3. Theequilibriumconstantforthereaction:
a)

Ka

b)Kb

+
c)

NH
4/NH
3

H2SO4/SO42
noneofthese
A+H+

c)

HA

d)

iscalled:
e)KwKa

4. ForthestepwisedissociationofaqueousH3PO4,whichofthefollowingisnota
conjugateacidbasepair?
a) HPO42andPO43
b)
c)

d)

H2PO4andHPO42
H3O+andH2O

H3PO4andH2PO4

e)

H
2PO4andPO
43

5. Whatistheequilibriumconstantforthefollowingreaction(KaforHN3=1.9105)?
N3+H3O+
a)

5.31010

HN3+H2O
b)1.9109

c)1.9105 d)5.3
10
4

e)1.9109

6. ThehydrogensulfateorbisulfateionHSO4canactaseitheranacidorabaseinwater
solution.InwhichofthefollowingequationsdoesHSO4actasanacid?
a)

HSO4+H2OH2SO4+OH

b)

HSO4+OHH2SO4+O2

c)

noneofthese

d)

HSO4+H3O+SO3+2H2O

e)

HSO

4+H
2O
SO
42+H
3O+

7. At0C,theionproductconstantofwater,Kw,is1.21015.ThepHofpurewaterat
0Cis:
a)

7.00

b)6.88

c)7.56

d)7.46

e)noneofthese

8. UsingthefollowingKavalues,indicatethecorrectorderofbasestrength.

HNO2 Ka=4.0104

HF

Ka=7.2104

a)
CN
>NO
2>F
>H
2O>Cl

b)

CN>F>NO2>Cl>H2O

c)

noneofthese

d)
e)

HCN Ka=6.21010
Cl>H2O>F>NO2>CN

H2O>CN>NO2>F>Cl

9. Theequilibriumconstants(Ka)forHCNandHFinH2Oat25Care6.21010and
7.2104,respectively.Therelativeorderofbasestrengthsis:
a)
d)

F>H2O>CN
F>CN>H2O

b)
e)

H2O>F>CN
noneofthese

c)

CN
>F
>H
2O

10. GiventhefollowingacidsandKavalues:
HClO4

HOAc

HCN

HF

1107

1.76105

4.931010

3.53104

whichshowstheconjugatebaseslistedbyincreasingstrength?
a)
b)

CN,F,OAc,ClO4
CN,ClO4,F,OAc

d)
e)

,OAc

c)
ClO
4,F
,CN

CN,OAc,F,ClO4
ClO4,OAc,CN,F

11. Theconjugatebaseofaweakacidis
a)
d)

b)

aweakbase

e)
noneofthese

astrongbase
aweakacid

c)

astrongacid

12. Whichofthefollowingistheequilibriumconstantexpressionforthedissociationofthe
weakacidHOCl?
a)

K=

d)

K=

b)
e)

K=[H+][OCl]

c)

K=

noneofthese

13. GiventhattheKaforHOClis3.5x108,calculatetheKvalueforthereactionofHOCl
withOH.
a)
3.5x10

6
b)
3.5x108
c)
3.5x1022
d) 2.9x107
e)
2.9x1021
1415.Thefollowingthreeequationsrepresentequilibriathatliefartotheright.
HNO3(aq)+CN(aq)
HCN(aq)+NO3(aq)

HCN(aq)+OH(aq)

H2O(l)+CN(aq)

H2O(l)+CH3O(aq)

CH3OH(aq)+OH(aq)

14. Identifythestrongestacid.
a)

HCN

b)HNO3

c)H2O

d)OH

e)CH3OH

d)H2O

e)NO3

15. Identifythestrongestbase.
a)
CH
3O b)CH3OH

c)CN

16. Calculatethe[H+]inasolutionthathasapHof11.70.
a) 2.3M
d)
2.0

10
12M

b)
e)

11.7M
noneofthese

c)

5.0103M

17. Calculatethe[H+]inasolutionthathasapHof2.30.
a)
d)

2.3M
2.0 1012M

b)
e)

11.7M
c)

5.0

10
3M

noneofthese

18. ThepHofasolutionat25Cinwhich[OH]=3.4105Mis:
a)

4.5

b)10.5

c)9.5

d)6.3

19. ConsiderthereactionHNO2(aq)+H2O(l)
theconjugatebase?
a)
d)

HNO2(aq)
NO(aq)*

b)

e)noneofthese

H3O+(aq)+NO2(aq).Whichspeciesis

H2O(l)*
c)
e)

Twoofthese

H3O+(aq)

20. InwhichofthefollowingreactionsdoestheH2PO4ionactasanacid?
a)
b)
c)

H3PO4+H2OH3O++H2PO4
H2PO4+OHH3PO4+O2
Twoofthese

+
d)

H
2PO4+H
2O
H
3O+HPO
42
e)
Theioncannotactasanacid.

21. Indecidingwhichoftwoacidsisthestronger,onemustknow:
a) theconcentrationofeachacidsolution
b)
theequilibriumconstantofeachacid

c) bothaandcmustbeknown

d)
e)

thepHofeachacidsolution
alloftheabove

22. Whichofthefollowingisnottrueforasolutionat25Cthathasahydroxide
concentrationof2.5106M?
a)
b)
c)

Kw=11014
d)

Thesolutionisacidic.

Thesolutionisbasic.
e)
The[H+]is4109M.
TheKwisindependentofwhatthesolutioncontains.

23. CalculatethepHof0.250MHNO3(aq).
a)
0.600

b)2.50

c)12.0

d)1.20

e)13.4

24. SolidcalciumhydroxideisdissolvedinwateruntilthepHofthesolutionis10.94.The
hydroxideionconcentration[OH]ofthesolutionis:
a)
d)

1.11011M
1.01014M

b)
e)

3.06M
c)

8.7

10
4M

noneofthese

25. Aswaterisheated,itspHdecreases.Thismeansthat
a)
d)

b)[H+]>[OH]
e)noneofthese

thewaterisnolongerneutral
aandbarecorrect

c)[OH]>[H+]

26. Whichofthefollowingindicatesthemostbasicsolution?
+
a)
[H
]=1

10
10M

d) pH=4.2

b)pOH=6.7
c)[OH]=7105M
e)Atleasttwoofthesolutionsareequallybasic.

27. CalculatethepOHofa5.0MsolutionofHCl.
a)

0.70

b)0.70

c)14.70

d)13.30

e)noneofthese

28. Fornitrousacid,HNO2,Ka=4.0104.CalculatethepHof0.25MHNO2.
a)
2.00

b)2.30

c)2.70

d)3.70

e)noneofthese

29. Aceticacid(HC2H3O2)isaweakacid(Ka=1.8105).CalculatethepHofa17.6M
HC2H3O2solution.
a)

4.31

c)1.75

b)6.40

d)0.97

e)7.40

30. DeterminethemolarityofasolutionoftheweakacidHClO2(Ka=1.10102)ifithasa
pHof1.25.
a)
0.287M

b)1.23M

c)0.819M

d)3.17M

e)1.52M

3132. Thefollowingquestionsrefertoasolutionthatcontains1.00Mhydrofluoricacid,HF
(Ka=7.2104),and3.00Mhydrocyanicacid,HCN(Ka=6.21010).
31. WhatisthepHofthismixtureofweakacids?
a)

0.00

b)1.57

c)3.14

d)4.37

e)9.21

32. Determinethe[CN]atequilibrium.
a)
d)

4.31105M
6.21010M

b)
e)

4.28107M
noneofthese

c)

6.9

10
8M

33. Calculatethe[H+]ina0.010MsolutionofHCN,Ka=6.21010.
a)
d)

1.0 107M
6.2 1010M

b)

2.5

10
6M

e)
noneofthese

c)

3.6 103M

34. Inasolutionpreparedbydissolving0.100moleofpropionicacidinenoughwaterto
make1.00Lofsolution,thepHisobservedtobe1.35.TheKaforpropionicacid
(HC3H5O2)is:
a)
d)

2.0 102
5.0 1012

b)

3.6

10
2
e)
noneofthese

c)

4.5 102

35. Asolutionof2.5Mweakacidis0.52%ionized.WhatistheKavalueofthisacid?
a)
6.8x10

5
d) 1.3x102

b)
e)

1.1x105
noneofthese

c)

0.11

36. ThepHofa0.100Msolutionofanaqueousweakacid(HA)is3.20.TheKafortheweak
acidis:
a)
d)

6.3104
3.2

b)
e)

c)

4.0

10
6

7.2105
noneofthese

37. Saccharinisamonoproticacid.IfthepHofa1.50102Msolutionofthisacidis5.53,
whatistheKaofsaccharin?
a)
d)

2.0104
8.41012

b)
e)

c)

5.8

10
10

2.9106
noneofthese

38. Amonoproticweakacidwhendissolvedinwateris0.92%dissociatedandproducesa
solutionwithapHof3.42.CalculatetheKaoftheacid.
a)
d)

1.4x107
b)
2.8x103
Needtoknowtheinitialconcentrationoftheacid.

c)

3.5x10

6
e)
Noneofthese.

39. Howmanymolesofbenzoicacid,amonoproticacidwithKa=6.4105,mustbe
dissolvedin500.mLofH2OtoproduceasolutionwithpH=2.50?
a)
d)

1.6101
0.50

b)
e)

c)

7.8

10
2

2.0102
noneofthese

40. CalculatethepHofa0.10MsolutionofHOCl,Ka=3.5108.
a)
4.23

b)8.46

c)3.73

d)1.00

e)3.23

41. CalculatethepOHofa0.80Msolutionofaceticacid(Ka=1.8105).
a)

9.25

b)2.42

c)4.74

d)11.58

e)7.87

42. ThepKaofHOClis7.5.CalculatethepHofa0.5MsolutionofHOCl.
a)

7.5

b)6.5

c)3.9

d)10.1

e)0.3

43. When2.0102molofnicotinicacid(amonoproticacid)isdissolvedin350mLof
water,thepHis3.05.CalculatetheKaofnicotinicacid.
a)
d)

1.6102
7.9107

b)

1.4

10
5
e)
noneofthese

c)

3.9105

44. Aswaterisheated,itspHdecreases.Thismeansthat
a) thewaterisnolongerneutral.
b) theKwvalueisdecreasing.
c) thewaterhasalower(OH]thancoolerwater.
d)
thedissociationofwaterisanendothermicprocess.

e) noneofthese.
45. Whatconcentrationofaceticacid(Ka=1.80105)hasthesamepHasthatof5.00103
MHCl?
a)
d)

3.60103M
5.00M

b)
e)

46. ConsiderthereactionHOCl+F

5.00103M
noneofthese

c)

1.39M

HF+OCl

GiventhatKaforHOClis3.5108andtheKaforHFis7.2104(bothat25C),which
ofthefollowingistrueconcerningKfortheabovereactionat25C?
a) Kisgreaterthan1.
b)
K
islessthan1.

c) Kisequalto1.

d)
e)

Cannotbedeterminedwiththeaboveinformation.
Noneofthese(ad)

47. CalculatethepHofa0.10MsolutionofCa(OH)2.
a)
13.30

b)13.00

c)0.20

d)0.10

e)noneofthese

d)12.3

e)noneofthese

48. CalculatethepHofa0.02MsolutionofKOH.
a)

1.7

b)2.0

c)12.0

49. A0.400gsampleofNaOH(s)isaddedtoenoughwatertomake250.0mLofsolution.
ThepHofthissolutionis:
a)

12.000

b)1.398

c)2.000

d)12.602

e)noneofthese

50. The[OH]ina0.50Mpyridine(C5H5N;Kb=1.7109)solutionis
a)
d)

0.50M
3.31010M

b)

2.9

10
5M

e)
noneofthese

c)

1.8109M

5152. Thefollowingquestionsrefertoa0.70Msolutionofhypochlorousacid,HClO.
51. TheKafortheacidis3.5108.Determinethepercentdissociation.
a)

1.3%

b)0.84%

c)0.41%

d)0.022%

e)0.15%

52. Ifthemolaritywasdecreasedto0.3M,whichofthefollowingstatementswouldbe
true?
a) Thepercentdissociationwouldnotchange.
b) Thepercentdissociationwouldincrease.*
c) Thepercentdissociationwoulddecrease.
d) Theequilibriumconstantwouldstaythesame.*
e)
Twoofthese.

53. Thepainkillermorphineisaweakbasewhenaddedtowater.Thereactionproduces
onemoleofhydroxideionsforeveryonemoleofmorphinethatdissolves.TheKbis1.6
106.WhatisthepHofa5.00103Msolutionofmorphine?
a)

8.23

b)9.95

c)11.3

d)10.2

e)noneofthese

54. CalculatethepHofa0.10Msolutionofpyridine(C5H5N;Kb=1.7109):
a)

8.15

c)9.12

b)5.88

d)11.24

e)noneofthese

55. WhichofthefollowingaqueoussolutionswillhavethehighestpH?
ForNH3,Kb=1.8105;forC2H3O2,Kb=5.61010.
a)
2.0MNaOH

d) 2.0MHCl

b)
e)

2.0MNH3
allthesame

c)

2.0MHC2H3O2

56. CalculatethepHofthefollowingaqueoussolution:0.78MHOCl(pKa=7.46)
a)

10.22

b)3.78

c)7.57

d)6.43

e)noneofthese

57. Thedihydrogenphosphateion,H2PO4,hasbothaconjugateacidandaconjugatebase.
Theseare,respectively:
a)

H3PO4,PO43

b)

H
3PO4,HPO42

d)

HPO42,PO43

e)

HPO42,H3PO4

c)

H2PO4,HPO42

58. HOAc
H2CO3

Ka=1.8105
Ka1=4.3107
Ka2=5.61011

Whichofthefollowing0.01MsolutionshasthehighestpH?
a)
d)

HOAc
H2CO3

b)
e)

c)

Na
2CO3

NaOAc
NaHCO3

59. Whichofthefollowingspeciesispresentinthegreatestconcentrationina0.100M
H2SO4solutioninH2O?
a)
H
3O+

d)

HSO4

b)

H2SO4

e)

SO42

c)

Allspeciesareinequilibriumandthereforehavethesameconcentration.

60. ThepHofa0.150Msolutionofaweakbaseis10.98.CalculatethepHofa0.0400M
solutionofthebase.
a)

10.50

b)10.69

c)11.20

d)11.50

e)noneofthese

61. WhichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderforincreasingpHsforHNO 3,KCl,NH4Cl,

KOH,andNaC2H3O2?(KaforHC2H3O2is1.80105,KaforNH4+is5.561010).
a) KCl,NH4Cl,HNO3,KOH,NaC2H3O2
b) HNO3,KCl,NH4Cl,KOH,NaC2H3O2
c) NH4Cl,HNO3,KCl,KOH,NaC2H3O2
d)
HNO

3,NH4Cl,KCl,NaC2H3O2,KOH
e) noneofthese
62. IfyouknowKbforammonia,NH3,youcancalculatetheequilibriumconstant,Ka,for
thefollowingreaction:
NH4+

NH3+H+

bytheequation:
a)

Ka=KwKb

b)K
a=K
w/Kb

c)Ka=1/Kb

d)Ka=Kb/Kw

63. WhichofthefollowingwouldgivethehighestpHwhendissolvedinwatertoforma
0.10Msolution?
a) astrongacid
b)
thepotassiumsaltofaweakacid

c) theammoniumsaltofastrongacid

d)
e)

aweakacid
thepotassiumsaltofastrongacid

64. Thehydrogenhalides(HF,HCl,HBr,andHI)areallpolarmolecules.Thestrengthof
theacideachformsinwaterisbasedonwhichofthefollowing?
a)
b)
c)
6569.

thepolarityofthemolecule
thestrengthofthebond
noneofthese

d)
thesizeofthemolecule
e)

twoofthese

Usethefollowingchoicestodescribeanaqueoussolutionmadefromeachofthe
followingsubstances.
a) acidic
b)
neutral
c)
basic
d) cannottell
e)
Noneofthese(ad)

65. solidsodiumnitrate(NaNO3)
b)neutral
66. solidsilverchloride(AgCl)
b)neutral
67. solidsodiumcarbonate(Na2CO3)
c)basic
68. solidammoniumacetate(NH4C2H3O2)
ForNH4+,Ka=5.61010;forC2H3O2,Kb=5.61010.
b)neutral
69. solidammoniumperchlorate(NH4ClO4)
ForNH4+,Ka=5.61010;forClO4,Kb1021.
a)acidic
70. ThepHofa1.0MaqueoussolutionofNaClis:
a)
7.0

b)
greaterthan7.0
d) notenoughinformationisgiven
e)

c)
lessthan7.0
noneofthese(ad)

71. ThepHofa1.0Msodiumacetatesolutionis:
a)
d)

7.0
b)

greaterthan7.0

notenoughinformationisgiven
e)

c)
lessthan7.0
noneofthese(ad)

72. Whichofthefollowingsolutionscontainsthestrongestacid?
a) 5.00MHCN(Ka=6.2x1010)
b) 3.50MH2C6H6O6(Ka1=7.9x105,Ka2=1.6x1012).
c) 2.50MHC2H3O2(Ka=1.8x105)
d) 4.00MHOCl(Ka=3.5x108)
4
e)
1.00

M
HF(Ka=7.2x10

73. Theautoionizationofwater,asrepresentedbythebelowequation,isknowntobeendothermic.
Whichofthefollowingcorrectlystateswhatoccursasthetemperatureofwaterisraised?
H2O(l)+H2O(l)

H3O+(aq)+OH(aq)

a) ThepHofthewaterdoesnotchange,andthewaterremainsneutral.
b) ThepHofthewaterdecreases,andthewaterbecomesmoreacidic.
c)
ThepHofthewaterdecreases,andthewaterremainsneutral.

d) ThepHofthewaterincreases,andthewaterbecomesmoreacidic.
e) ThepHofthewaterincreasesandthewaterremainsneutral.

74. Whichofthefollowingcorrectlylabelsthesalts?
HF(Ka=7.2x104)

NH3(Kb=1.8x105)

HCN(Ka=6.2x1010)

a) NaCN=acidic,NH4F=basic,KCN=neutral
b) NaCN=acidic,NH4F=neutral,KCN=basic
c) NaCN=basic,NH4F=basic,KCN=neutral
d) NaCN=basic,NH4F=neutral,KCN=basic
e)
NaCN=basic,NH

4F=acidic,KCN=basic

75. Whichofthefollowingstatements(ac)aretrue?
a) ThepHofastrongacidisalwayslowerthanthepHofaweakacid.
b) ThepHofasolutioncanneverbenegative.
c) Foraconjugateacidbasepair,Ka=1/Kb.
d) Atleasttwoofthestatementsacaretrue.
e)
Allofthestatementsacarefalse.