10B1NMA731 APPLIED LINEAR ALGEBRA EXERCISE-3 Linear Transformation 1. Define a linear transformation from one vector space to another.

For a linear transformation T show that T (0) = 0 . If T (u ) = 0 can we say that u = 0 ? 2. Determine whether following are linear transformations (a) L : R 2 R 3 defined by L( x, y ) = ( y , x, x + y ) (b) L : R 3 R 2 defined by T ( x, y , z ) = ( xy, yz ) (c) L : R 2 R 2 defined by f ( x, y ) = ( x 2 + y 2 , xy ) (d) L : R 2 R defined by f ( x, y ) = x y 3. Let T : R 3 R 2 be a transformation defined by T ( x, y, z ) = ( x + y + z , x y + z ). Show that it is linear. Will it still be linear if x + y + z is replaced by x + y + z +1 . Find the subset in R 3 which is mapped into 0 of R 2 . Is it a subspace of R 3 ?

4.

Let T : P2 R 22 be the transformation defined by

5. 6.

7. 8.

set a subspace of R 22 ? If yes, find its basis and dimension. Show that the set of all linear transformations from V to W with suitable definitions of addition and scalar multiplication is a vector space over the same field. Define the terms null space and range space of a linear transformation. Prove that both are subspaces. Show that for a one to one linear transformation, the null space comprises only the zero element. Find null space and the range space of the linear transformation defined in Q. 3. Also find a basis and dimension for both. Let T : V W be a linear transformation and let N (T ) and R (T ) be the null space and the range space respectively. Define the terms rank and nullity of T and show that rank (T ) + nullity (T ) =dim V . Verify this theorem for the linear transformations of Q.3 and 4. Show that a linear transformation T from a vector space V (dimension n ) to a vector space W (dimension m ) can be represented by an m n matrix. Does the matrix depend on the bases in V and W ? Let T : R 2 R 3 be defined by T ( x, y ) = ( x + y, x y,2 x + 3 y ) . Using the standard bases viz B1 = {(1, 0), (0,1)} in R 2 , and B2 ={(1, 0, 0), (0,1, 0), (0, 0,1)} in R 3 , find the matrix representation of T . Do the same exercise when the bases are C1 ={(1, 0), (1,1)} in R 2 and C 2 ={(1,1,1), (1,1, 0), (1, 0, 0)} in R 3 .

a b T(a + bx) = b a

. Is T linear? Is the image

9.

Let T : R 3 R 3 be the linear transformation defined by

1 1 2 x x 1 3 1 y = y / / 1 1 5 z z
/

. Find N (T ), R (T )

and their dimensions and verify the rank and nullity theorem. (Note that the rank of the coefficient matrix is the same as rank of T )