Stress

1. Stress is a condition in which the human system: A. Becomes increasingly disorganized B. Responds to changes in its normal balanced state C. Responds to negative changes in its internal environment D. Is less likely to respond appropriately to stimuli Answer: The correct answer is B. Individuals perceive and respond to stress in highly individualized ways. Stress evokes in both positive and negative responses to changes in the internal and external environment. 2. Which of the following is an external stressor? A. High environmental temperature. B. Changes in hormone levels C. Fear of the dark D. Having an infection of the intestine Answer: The correct answer is A. the other answers are internal stressors. 3. The body maintains the internal environment at a constant state through: A. Internalization B. Adaptation C. Cellular Integrity D. Homeostasis Answer: The correct answer is D. To maintain health, the internal environment must remain in balance; this balance is maintained through various physiologic mechanisms as they respond to internal changes. 4. Which of the following is developmental stress? A. An infant learns to turn over. B. A school-aged child learns how to add and subtract C. An adolescent who gets a job D. A young adult has a variety of friends Answer: The correct answer is C. The adolescent who gets a job is seeking independence, a major task for that level of growth and development. 5. The reflex pain response and the inflammatory response are examples of: A. Localized responses of the body to stress B. Negative responses of the body to stress C. Generalized responses of the body to stress D. Ways in which the body controls stress Answer:

The correct answer is A. The LAS is a localized response of the body to stress. These responses are homeostatic and short-term; the most common of the reflex pain response and the inflammatory response. 6. What response is expected during the shock phase of the general adaptation syndrome? A. Decreasing pulse B. Increasing sleepiness C. Increasing energy levels D. Slow respirations Answer: The correct answer is C. The body perceives a threat and prepares to respond by increasing the activity of the autonomic nervous and endocrine systems. The initial or shock phase is characterized by increased energy level, oxygen intake, cardiac output, blood pressure and mental alertness. 7. A vague feeling of discomfort or dread with an unknown source is: A. Fear B. Concern C. Panic D. Anxiety Answer: The correct answer is D. Anxiety is a psychological response to an unknown threat. 8. Toward the end of the semester, as final examinations near, you find yourself sleeping more than usual. This behavior is probably your form of a: A. Coping mechanism B. Defense mechanism C. Offense mechanism D. Adapting mechanism Answer: The correct answer is A. Mild anxiety is often handled without conscious thought through the use of coping mechanisms, which are behaviors used to decrease stress and anxiety. Sleeping is a coping mechanism. 9. Your patient has just been diagnosed with cancer bur responds as though this is impossible. Which of the defense mechanism is being demonstrated here? A. Projection B. Denial C. Displacement D. Repression Answer: The correct answer is B. Denial occurs when a person refuses to acknowledge the presence of a condition that is disturbing.

10. Home care of patients by family members for long periods of time can cause long-term stress and increase risk of illness. This stress response is: A. Home Care chronicity B. Patient Burnout C. Residual stress D. Caregiver Burden Answer: The correct answer is D. Reactions to homecare of family members for long periods of time, called caregiver burden, include chronic fatigue, sleep disorders, and an increased incidence of stress-related illnesses such as hypertension and heart disease.