INTRODUCTION Reactor is one of the most important parts in industrial sector.

Reactor is equipment that changes the raw material to the product that we want. A good reactor will give a high production and economical. One of criteria to choose or to design a good reactor is to know the effectiveness of the reactor itself. There a many types of reactor depending on the nature of the feed materials and products. One of the most important we need to know in the various chemical reaction was the rate of the reaction. By studying the saponification reaction of ethyl acetate and sodium hydroxide to form sodium acetate in a batch and in a continuous stirred tank reactor, we can evaluate the rate data needed to design a production scale reactor. A stirred tank reactor (STR) may be operated either as a batch reactor or as a steady state flow reactor (CSTR). The key or main feature of this reactor is that mixing is complete so that properties such as temperature and concentration of the reaction mixture are uniform in all parts of the vessel. Material balance of a general chemical reaction described below. The conservation principle requires that the mass of species A in an element of reactor volume which is dV obeys the following statement:

(Rate of A into volume element) - (rate of A out of volume element) + (rate of A produced within volume element) = (rate of A accumulated within vol. element)

PROCEDURE

EXPERIMENT A:

1. The overflow tube in the reactor is being adjusted to give a desired working volume (2.5liters). The pump P1 was switched on to start on pumping 1.25 liters of 0.1M ethyl acetate form the feed tank into reactor. The pump P1 stopped.

2. Then the pump P2 was switch on and starts to pump another 1.25 liters of the 0.1M NaOH into the reactor. When the 2.5 liters volume is reached, then the pump P2 were being stopped. The stirrer then being switches on and the speed was set in the mid range (180rpm). The time is being observed. The start time are recorded.

3. 10ml of the 0.25M HCL were quickly measured in a flask.

4. After 1 minute of reaction, sampling valve V7 opened to collect 50ml sample. 10ml of the 0.25M HCL are immediately added into the sample. The HCL quench the reaction between ethyl acetate and sodium hydroxide.

5. The mixture was titrated with the 0.1M NaOH to evaluate the amount of un-reacted HCL. This had provided us with the information to determine the amount NaOH in feed solution which has reacted.

EXPERIMENT B:

1. The overflow tube in the reactor is being adjusted to give a desired working volume (2.5liters). The pump P1 was switched on to start on pumping 1.25 liters of 0.05M ethyl acetate form the feed tank into reactor. The pump P1 stopped.

2. Then the pump P2 was switch on and starts to pump another 1.25 liters of the 0.05M NaOH into the reactor. The heater was switched on and the temperature was set to be 30c when the heater is fully immersed. The cooling water being run. The pump P2 was being stopped when the 2.5 liters of volume are reached. The stirrer then being switches on and the speed was set in the mid range (180rpm). The time is being observed. The start time are recorded.

3. 10ml of the 0.25M HCL were quickly measured in a flask.

4. After 1 minute of reaction, sampling valve V7 opened to collect 50ml sample. 10ml of the 0.25M HCL are immediately added into the sample. The HCL quench the reaction between ethyl acetate and sodium hydroxide.

5. The mixture was titrated with the 0.1M NaOH to evaluate the amount of un-reacted HCL. This had provided us with the information to determine the amount NaOH in feed solution which has reacted.

6. Steps 4 and 5 were repeated for reaction times of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25.

7. The experiment was repeated for reaction temperatures 30C, 35C and 45C.

8. The graph ln(CB/CA) vs. t and ln k vs. 1/T were plotted.

9. The activation energy was found from the ln k vs. 1/T graph.