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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in the Philippines began in July 1979. And, in 1986, made a response to the Universal Child Immunization goal. The four major strategies include:[1] 1. Sustaining high routine Full Immunized Child (FIC) coverage of at least 90% in all provinces and cities, 2. Sustaining the polio-free country for global certification 3. Eliminating measles by 2008, 4. Eliminating neonatal tetanus by 2008.
Contents
1 Routine Schedule of Immunization 2 Routine Immunization Schedule for Infants 3 General Principles in Infants/Children Immunization 4 Tetanus Toxoid Immunization Schedule for Women 5 Care for the Vaccines 6 References
at 1st Dose
Between Doses BCG given at earliest possible age protects the Right possibility of TB 0.05 deltoid none Intradermal meningitis and mL region of other TB the arm infections in which infants are prone[3] Upper 6 outer An early start weeks(DPT portion of with DPT 0.5 1), 10 weeks Intramuscular the thigh, reduces the mL (DPT 2), 14 Vastus chance of severe weeks (DPT Lateralis pertussis.[4] 3) (L-R-L) The extent of protection against polio is increased the 2-3 4 weeks Oral Mouth earlier the OPV drops is given. Keeps the Philippines polio-free.[5] An early start of Hepatitis B vaccine reduces the chance of being infected and becoming a Upper carrier.[6] outer Prevents liver portion of 0.5 4 weeks cirrhosis and Intramuscular the thigh, mL interval liver cancer Vastus which are more Lateralis likely to develop (R-L-R) if infected with Hepatitis B early in life.[7][8] About 9,000 die of complications of Hepatitis B.
Bacillus CalmetteGurin
1 dose
DiphtheriaPertussisTetanus Vaccine
6 weeks old
3 doses
6 weeks old
3 doses
Hepatitis B Vaccine
At birth
3 doses
10% of Filipinos have Hepatitis B infection[9] Measles Vaccine (not MMR) Upper outer portion of Subcutaneous the arms, Right deltiod At least 85% of measles can be prevented by immunization at this age.[10]
9 months old
1 dose
0.5 mL
none
Because measles kills, every infant needs to be vaccinated against measles at the age of 9 months or as soon as possible after 9 months as part of the routine infant vaccination schedule. It is safe to vaccinate a sick child who is suffering from a minor illness (cough, cold, diarrhea, fever or malnutrition) or who has already been vaccinated against measles.[11] If the vaccination schedule is interrupted, it is not necessary to restart. Instead, the schedule should be resumed using minimal intervals between doses to catch up as quickly as possible.[12] Vaccine combinations (few exceptions), antibiotics, low-dose steroids (less than 20 mg per day), minor infections with low fever (below 38.5 Celsius), diarrhea, malnutrition, kidney or liver disease, heart or lung disease, non-progressive encephalopathy, well controlled epilepsy or advanced age, are not contraindications to vaccination. Contrary to what the majority of doctors may think, vaccines against hepatitis B and tetanus can be applied in any period of the pregnancy.[13] There are very few true contraindication and precaution conditions. Only two of these conditions are generally considered to be permanent: severe (anaphylactic) allergic reaction to a vaccine component or following a prior dose of a vaccine, and encephalopathy not due to another identifiable cause occurring within 7 days of pertussis vaccination.[14] Only the diluent supplied by the manufacturer should be used to reconstitute a freezedried vaccine. A sterile needle and sterile syringe must be used for each vial for adding the diluent to the powder in a single vial or ampoule of freeze-dried vaccine.[15] The only way to be completely safe from exposure to blood-borne diseases from injections, particularly hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is to use one sterile needle, one sterile syringe for each child.[16]
Vaccine TT1
Percent Protected 0%
Duration of Protection protection for the mother for the first delivery infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus gives 3 years protection for the mother infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus gives 5 years protection for the mother infants born to the mother will be protected from neonatal tetanus gives 10 years protection for the mother gives lifetime protection for the mother all infants born to that mother will be protected
TT2
80%
TT3
95%
TT4
99%
TT5
99%
In June 2000, the 57 countries that have not yet achieved elimination of neonatal tetanus were ranked and the Philippines was listed together with 22 other countries in Class A, a classification for countries close to maternal and neonatal tetanus elimination.[18]