EMD homework solutions#12 Due 5/5 10-3, 10-12 10-3

This is oscillatatory motion, the average sliding velocity is calculated by dividing the distance traveled in a single oscillation by the time (which is inversely related to the frequency). The links rotate = 10 = 0.1745 rad both ways (i.e. + and -) for each oscillation at a frequency of 60 oscillations/min. The bearing bore diameter is 12.5 mm. Thus, Vosc = 2rf = df = (0.1745 rad)(0.0125 m)(60/min) = 0.131 m/min The projected bearing pressure, P , and P V are then P = PV W 2000 N = = 6.4 M P a dL (0.0125 m)(0.025 m) MPa-m = (0.131 m/min)(6.4 M P a) = 0.838 min (2) (3) (1)

Checking Table 10.1, all the calculated values are below the limiting values for nylon, so the design is acceptable.

10-12
Known information from the problem statement: Bearing is 360 , journal is to be steel, sleeve is to be copper-lead alloy.
L d

1 .0 2 .0

= 0.5

(1) (2) (3) (4)

r = d/2 = 1.0 in W = 1000 lb n = 3, 000 rpm = 50 rev sec

Using Table 10.2, for automotive crank-shaft, copper-lead bearing, for a shaft diameter under 2 inches we get: c = 0.0014 in
c r

(5) (6)

0.0014 1 .0

= 0.0014

The shaft diameter is 2 inches, so the clearance c should probably be a little higher, but 1

we will use this value for now. For SAE 20 oil at an estimated operating temperature of o = 130 F, from Fig. 10.3, we nd the lubricant viscosity to be = 5.0 106 rehns. (a) Now, we want to nd rst the minimum lm thickness. This is directly related to the eccentricity ratio, so we will use Fig. 10.14. Furthermore, the problem statement mentions that load carrying capability and low friction are both important, so we know we want to be in the mid-range of the gray area. We have everything we need to compute S . P = S = W 1000 lb = = 500 psi dL (2 in)(1 in) r c
2

(7) (8)

n = P

1 0.0014

(5.0 106 psi-sec)(50 rev/sec) = 0.26 500 psi

From Figure 10.14, for L/d = 0.5 and S = 0.26, we nd that we are in the gray region between minimum friction and maximum load, but closer to maximum load. To obtain a better balance between minimum friction and maximum load, we could increase the clearance c. Mid-range between minimum friction and maximum load along the curve L/d = 0.5, S 0.16. To attain this S , the clearance should be S = 0.16 = 1 c
2

(5.0 106 psi-sec)(50 rev/sec) c = 0.0018 in 500 psi

For this value of clearance and corresponding S , reading across horizontally on Fig. 10.14, we nd the eccentricity ratio for this design is = 0.72. The minimum lm thickness is then ho = c e = c(1 ) = (0.0018 in)(1 0.72) = 0.00050 in (9)

(b) Using (10-31), we obtain limits on the surface roughness, where we set 1 and 2 to both be 5.0 since no other information is available. ho = 0.00050 in 1 Rj + 2 Rb = 5.0(Rj + Rb ) 0.00050 in Rj + Rb = 100in 5

(10)

Using Figure 6.11, if the sleeve were reamed, Rb = 63 in. This would mean the journal roughness would be limited to Rj 37 in. Choosing the grinding process for the journal with, Rj = 32 in. So the recommended manufacturing processes are: 1. Ream the sleeve to 63in or less; 2. Grind the journal to 32in or less.

(c) The power loss is the tangential friction force F times the sliding velocity U . The sliding velocity is just U = 2rn = 2 (1.0 in)(50 rev/sec) = 314 in/sec (11) The friction force can be obtained from Fig. 10.9. For = 0.72 and L/d = 0.5 F1 U c 9.5 r (12)

where F1 = F/L. Now putting the known values into (12), and solving for the friction force F F (0.0018) = 9.5 F = 8.3 lb (13) 6 (5.0 10 lb-s/in2 )(314 in/sec)(1 in) Now solving for the power loss H = F V = (8.3 lb)(314 in/s) 1 hp 6, 600 in-lb/s = 0.4 hp (14)

(d) The oil ow rate in the bearing clearance space can be determined using Fig. 10.11 for = 0.72 and L/d = 0.5: Q = 5.2 rcnL Q = 5.2 (1 in)(0.0018 in)(50 rev/s)(1 in) Q = 0.47 in3 /s (15) (16) (17)