Data Guard

Oracle Data Guard
Oracle Data Guard

Logical Standby Database
Logical Standby Database
Paul Baumgartel
Paul Baumgartel
Transcentive
Transcentive
, Inc.
, Inc.
New York Oracle Users Group
New York Oracle Users Group
September 23, 2003
September 23, 2003
Paul Baumgartel NYOUG 9/23/2003 Paul Baumgartel NYOUG 9/23/2003 2 2
Introduction
Introduction
Data Guard is major component of

Data Guard is major component of
Oracle
Oracle
s High Availability (HA) facility

s High Availability (HA) facility
Other features include Real Application

Other features include Real Application
Clusters (RAC), Advanced Replication,
Clusters (RAC), Advanced Replication,
and Oracle Streams
and Oracle Streams
Physical standby database available since

Physical standby database available since
Oracle8
Oracle8
Logical standby introduced in 9iR2

Logical standby introduced in 9iR2
Choosing a standby database
Choosing a standby database
configuration
configuration
Physical standby best for disaster

Physical standby best for disaster
recovery
recovery
Most efficient
Most efficient
Less complex
Less complex
Logical standby more flexible

Logical standby more flexible
Not everything must be duplicated

Not everything must be duplicated
Can be used at all times for reporting

Can be used at all times for reporting
Physical standby concepts
Exact file copy of primary database

Exact file copy of primary database
Activity on primary duplicated via

Activity on primary duplicated via
application of redo information
application of redo information
Log transport services transmit in LOG or

ARCH mode
ARCH mode
Standby is mounted but not open

Standby is mounted but not open
Log apply services receive and apply redo

Log apply services receive and apply redo
directly from logs
directly from logs
Most efficient due to use of low

Most efficient due to use of low
-
-
level
level
recovery mechanism (database block
recovery mechanism (database block
change vectors)
change vectors)
No user activity while in recovery mode

No user activity while in recovery mode
May be opened for read

May be opened for read
-
-
only user activity
only user activity
after suspending recovery
after suspending recovery
Logical standby concepts
Standby starts as, but need not remain,

Standby starts as, but need not remain,
exact copy
exact copy
May contain schemas and objects that do

May contain schemas and objects that do
not exist on primary
not exist on primary

ARCH mode
ARCH mode
Standby is open for read/write activity (but

Standby is open for read/write activity (but
no writes on standby objects)
no writes on standby objects)
Log apply services use LogMiner to

Log apply services use LogMiner to
construct SQL from redo log contents,
construct SQL from redo log contents,
then apply it to standby objects
then apply it to standby objects
DDL may be included in or excluded from

DDL may be included in or excluded from
log apply stream
log apply stream
Progress of log apply services may be

Progress of log apply services may be
monitored
monitored
Logical standby: unsupported
data types
data types
NCLOB
NCLOB
LONG
LONG
LONG RAW
LONG RAW
BFILE
BFILE
ROWID
ROWID
UROWID
UROWID
objects
objects
user
user
-
-
defined types
defined types
object types
object types
REFs
REFs
varrays
varrays
nested tables
nested tables
Unsupported Tables, Sequences, and Views

Unsupported Tables, Sequences, and Views
User
User
-
-
defined tables and sequences in the SYS
defined tables and sequences in the SYS
schema
schema
Tables with unsupported data types

Tables with unsupported data types
Tables using data segment compression

Tables using data segment compression
Index
Index
-
-
organized tables
organized tables
Preparing the primary database
Enable forced logging

Enable forced logging
Enable archiving and define local archive

Enable archiving and define local archive
destination
destination
Set
Set
LOG_PARALLELI SM
LOG_PARALLELI SM
to 1
to 1
Ensure rows can be uniquely identified

Ensure rows can be uniquely identified
(query
(query
DBA_LOGSTDBY_NOT_UNI QUE
DBA_LOGSTDBY_NOT_UNI QUE
)
)
Enable supplemental logging

Enable supplemental logging
Perform log switch

Perform log switch
Create alternate tablespace for LogMiner

Create alternate tablespace for LogMiner
objects
objects
Creating the standby database
Copy the primary

Copy the primary
Move files to the standby machine

Move files to the standby machine
Rename data files

Rename data files
Turn on Database Guard

Turn on Database Guard
Rename the database

Rename the database
Register first archived log to be applied

Register first archived log to be applied
Start log apply services

Start log apply services
Enable archiving to standby

Enable archiving to standby
Verify standby database
Verify standby database
DBA_LOGSTDBY_LOG
DBA_LOGSTDBY_LOG
V$LOGSTDBY
V$LOGSTDBY
DBA_LOGSTDBY_PROGRESS
DBA_LOGSTDBY_PROGRESS
These views show available logs, progress

These views show available logs, progress
of log application, and snapshots of
of log application, and snapshots of
current SQL activity
current SQL activity
Transaction information and

Transaction information and
SCNs
SCNs
Management of logical standby
Exclude objects or schemas from log

Exclude objects or schemas from log
application
application
Describe operations that should not be

Describe operations that should not be
applied to standby
applied to standby
Log errors and continue apply process

Log errors and continue apply process
Database guard:
Database guard:
ALL
ALL
,
,
STANDBY
STANDBY
,
,
NONE
NONE
Temporarily bypass guard to modify

Temporarily bypass guard to modify
objects
objects
Constraints and triggers enabled but not

Constraints and triggers enabled but not
executed
executed
Delay log application to avoid error

Delay log application to avoid error
duplication
duplication
Logical standby performance
Logical standby performance
Indexes on tables with no primary key

Indexes on tables with no primary key
TRANSACTI ON_CONSI STENCY: FULL,

TRANSACTI ON_CONSI STENCY: FULL,
READ_ONLY, NONE
READ_ONLY, NONE
Adjust
Adjust
PARALLEL_MAX_SERVERS
PARALLEL_MAX_SERVERS
Adjust
Adjust
SHARED_POOL_SI ZE
SHARED_POOL_SI ZE
to improve
to improve
performance of LogMiner components
performance of LogMiner components
Limitations
Limitations
Logical standby not compatible with Oracle

Logical standby not compatible with Oracle
Label Security
Label Security
Bugs in log apply process (fixed on Unix

Bugs in log apply process (fixed on Unix
platforms, not yet fixed on Windows)
platforms, not yet fixed on Windows)
Performance can be poor due to nature of

Performance can be poor due to nature of
process
process
Deletion of 1000 rows is represented in logs by

Deletion of 1000 rows is represented in logs by
1000 change vectors; LogMiner extracts and
1000 change vectors; LogMiner extracts and
creates 1000
creates 1000
DELETE
DELETE
statements
statements
Summary
Summary
Logical standby worthwhile Data

Logical standby worthwhile Data
Guard option
Guard option
Requires careful setup and

Requires careful setup and
monitoring
monitoring
One of growing number of Oracle HA

One of growing number of Oracle HA
alternatives including replication, Data
alternatives including replication, Data
Guard, RAC, and Streams
Guard, RAC, and Streams
Contact information
Contact information
paul.baumgartel@aya.yale.edu
paul.baumgartel@aya.yale.edu
917 549
917 549
-
-
4717
4717
Feel free to get in touch!

Feel free to get in touch!

Data Guard

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Data Guard

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Oracle Data Guard

Oracle Data Guard

Data Guard is major component of

s High Availability (HA) facility

Other features include Real Application

Physical standby database available since

Logical standby introduced in 9iR2

Physical standby best for disaster

Logical standby more flexible

Not everything must be duplicated

Can be used at all times for reporting

Exact file copy of primary database

Activity on primary duplicated via

Log transport services transmit in LOG or

Standby is mounted but not open

Log apply services receive and apply redo

Most efficient due to use of low

No user activity while in recovery mode

May be opened for read

Standby starts as, but need not remain,

May contain schemas and objects that do

Log transport services transmit in LOG or

Standby is open for read/write activity (but

Log apply services use LogMiner to

DDL may be included in or excluded from

Progress of log apply services may be

Unsupported Tables, Sequences, and Views

Tables with unsupported data types

Tables using data segment compression

Enable forced logging

Enable archiving and define local archive

Ensure rows can be uniquely identified

Enable supplemental logging

Perform log switch

Create alternate tablespace for LogMiner

Copy the primary

Move files to the standby machine

Rename data files

Turn on Database Guard

Rename the database

Register first archived log to be applied

Start log apply services

Enable archiving to standby

These views show available logs, progress

Transaction information and

Exclude objects or schemas from log

Describe operations that should not be

Log errors and continue apply process

Temporarily bypass guard to modify

Constraints and triggers enabled but not

Delay log application to avoid error

Indexes on tables with no primary key

TRANSACTI ON_CONSI STENCY: FULL,

Logical standby not compatible with Oracle

Bugs in log apply process (fixed on Unix

Performance can be poor due to nature of

Deletion of 1000 rows is represented in logs by

Logical standby worthwhile Data

Requires careful setup and

One of growing number of Oracle HA

Feel free to get in touch!

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