Jurong JC 9646/P2/2011 [Turn Over

Suggested mark scheme for 2011 J1 H2 Physics Paper 2

1 (a) Solution
2
2
4
g l
T
t
= [1] Exp

2
g T l
g T l
A A A
= +
= 2(0.01)+0.04 [1] Sub
= 0.06 [1] Ans; Accept 3/50; 6% not accepted

(b) Solution
Since g = 9.8248 m s
-2


g = 0.589 [1] Value
~ 0.6 ( to 1 sig fig ) - need not be in 1 sig. fig at this part

Therefore, g g = (9.8 0.6 ) m s
-2
[1] Ans with bracket & unit


2 (a) Solution
Horizontal component of the velocity, u
x
= 250 cos o m s
-1

Vertical component of the velocity, u
y
= 250 sin o m s
-1
[1] Both correct
- no need unit
(b) Solution
At the highest point, vertical component of the velocity v
y
= 0
Using
2 2
2
y y y y
v u a s = +

0 = (250 sin 30.0
0
)
2
+ 2(-9.81)(s
y
) [1] Sub
s
y
= 796 m [1] Ans
The minimum height which the airplane can fly above the valley is
796 + 300 = 1096 m ~ 1100 m [1] Ans

(c)
Solution
The vertical displacement s
y
= 0
Using s
y
= u
y
t + a
y
t
2

0 = (250 sin o)t + (-g)t
2

t = 0 or t = 500 sin
g
o [1] Exp





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The time of flight of the projectile is t = 500 sin
g
o
Horizontal displacement x = v
x
t
= u
x
t
= 250 cos o
500 sin
( )
g
o

=
(250)(250 2 cos sin )
g
o o
[1]
Working
=
62500 sin 2
( )
g
o



(d) Solution
For the range to be maximum, the numerator must be maximum
sin 2o must be maximum, i.e = 1
o = 45
0

x =
62500 sin 2
( )
g
o

=
62500
9.81
[1] Working
= 6.37 x 10
3
m [1] Ans

(e)
Solution


[1] Lower S
y

[1] Shorter S
x


3 (a) Solution
Moment of a force about a pivot is defined as the product of the force and the
perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the pivot.



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(b) (i)













Solution
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) | |
Taking moments about the hinge,
Clockwise Moments = Counter Clockwise Moments

= 3810 N (3sf)
| |
|
\ .
o o o
400 sin60 + 2000 sin60 = sin30 each term 1
2
T
L
L T L

Each term must be on correct side of equation.
(ii) Solution

cos
x
0
x
= 0
= 60 1910N [1] ans
F
F T


[1]
[1]
y
o
y
y
y
= 0
+ sin 30 = 2000 + 400 working
= - 900N
= 900N ans
F
F T
F
F


4 (a) (i) Solution
W =
s
Ayg

(ii) Solution
W =
f
Azg

(iii) Solution
W =
s
Ayg =
f
Azg
s
f
z
=
y

2000 N
F
x

F
y

400 N
T
T sin 30
o

T cos 30
o

30

support
cable
60
o
30
o
load
Fig. 3
F
y
+ T sin 60
Jurong JC 9646/P2/2011 [Turn Over

(iv) Solution
No change. Since the ship is floating, the upthrust on the ship must
always be equal to its weight.

(b) (i) Solution














(ii) Solution








tan 40 = F / W
F = 2 x g x tan 40 [1] working
= 16.46 N
= 16.5 N [1] answer
(iii) F =k x
x = 16.46 / 140
= 0.118 m
= 0.12 m [1] answer

5 (a)
Solution
The rate of change of momentum of an object is directly proportional to the
resultant force acting on it and the change occurs in the direction of that
resultant force.





40
F
T
W
40
F
T
W
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(b) (i) Solution

[+1 for any correct pair of forces
-1 for any wrong force drawn]


(ii) Solution
Free body diagram of block A
180 T W
//
- f
A
= 0
180 T 25(9.81)(sin 20
o
) 25(1.6) = 0 [Subst 1]
T = 56.1 N [Ans 1]
OR
Free body diagram of block B
T = 11.3(1.6) + 11.3 (9.81) sin 20
o
[Subst 1]
= 56.0 N [Ans 1]
Ecf for ONLY normal contact force on car by surface.


(iii) Solution
The blocks A and B will decelerate [1] as they travel up the slope as the
component of the weight parallel to the slope will increase [1] due to
the steeper slope.

Accept -ve acceleration and explanations based on energy
considerations GPE, KE.

6 (a)
Solution
The total momentum of a system of interacting bodies is constant provided
no external resultant force acts on it.

(b) (i) Solution
| |
1500(90) 3000(60) 4500
10
-1
km h
v
v
+ =
=
[Subst 1]; [Ans 1 with correct
direction]


(ii) Solution
5
3
90 1000
0 (1500)
3600
2.5 10
150 10
N
p
F
t

| |

|
A
\ .
= = =

[Subst 1]; [Ans 1]







N
block A
W
block A

T
f
180 N
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(c) (i) Solution
[ lower F and longer t, Same area]


(ii) Solution
The new car takes a longer time to come to a stop [1] due to the
crumpling of the bonnet.

For the same impulse (change in momentum) during a collision, a
passenger in the new car will experience a smaller (average) force [1].

7 (a) (i) Solution
The work done on a body is the product of the force acting on the body
and the displacement of the body in the direction of the force.
Definition [1]
(ii) Solution
the work done per unit time, or
the rate of work done, or
the rate of energy conversion, or
the rate of change of energy
Definition [1]
(b) (i)
Solution
2
2
1
1
mgh mv + Work done against friction
2
1
(80)(9.81)(30 5) (80)v + 3050
2
v 20.4 ms

=
=
=
subs [1],ans [1]
(ii)
Solution
P = mgh / t
= (80)(9.81)(15) / 5
= 2350 W subs [1], ans [1]

(iii)
Solution
The horizontal distance will be reduced since there is work done to
overcome the air resistance.
State and Explain [2] or [0] marks

Accept air resistance reduces velocity and/or opposes
motion.
(iv)
Solution
The change in the potential energy from C to the ground remains the
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same since the height from C to the ground remains the same
regardless whether there is any air resistance acting on the skier.

State and Explain [2] or [0] marks

8 (a) Solution
Assuming no heat lost to surroundings, statemt [1]
(or no heat gained by the Styrofoam container)

Heat supplied by water = heat gained by ice
m
water
c Au
w
= m
ice
l
f
+ m
ice
c Au
i

0.9 4.20 10
3
(85 u ) = 0.1 3.34 10
5
+ 0.1 4.20 10
3
(u 0)
subtn [1]
u = 68.5 C or 342 K ans [1]

(b) (i) Solution
At B, using pV = nRT

(4.3 10
6
)(1.2 10
3
) = (3.0)(8.31) T substn [1]

T = 207 K ans [1]
(ii) Solution
At C, (2.2 10
6
)(3.8 10
-3
) = (3.0)(8.31) T
T = 335 K ans [1]

For monatomic ideal gas, change in internal energy
AU =
3
2
nRAT
From B to C, AU =
3
2
(3.0)(8.31)(335 207) subtn [1]
= +4800 J (2 s.f.)

(iii) Solution
W = area under graph from B to C reason [1]
=
1
2
[(4.3 + 2.2) 10
6
] [(3.8 1.2) 10
3
]
= +8450 J (ve no mark) ans [1]

(iv) Solution
For process BC, AU = Q + W
Q = AU W
= 4800 (8450) subtn [1] ecf
= 13250 J
= 13300 J (3 s.f.) ans [1]

(c) (i) Solution
When a solid melts, the increase in potential energy of the molecules is less
than the increase that occurs when a liquid vaporises. [1]

Considerably more work is done against external pressure when a liquid
vaporises. [1]

(ii) Solution
Evaporation occurs when molecules of higher (random) kinetic energies
Jurong JC 9646/P2/2011 [Turn Over

leave the liquid surface, [1]

The mean random translational kinetic energy of the remaining molecules in
the liquid is lower, hence its temperature decreases. [1]