WGL -

POTENTIAL LIQUEFACTION ANALYSIS a BOREHOLE Ref : Braja M Das and G V Ramana Method (see attachment.pdf file)
Geotechnical Investigaion carried out in a deposit of sand provided the field standard penetration numbers N as given in the table bellow. Depth 2.00 3.50 5.00 6.50 8.00 9.50 11.00 12.50 14.00 15.50 17.00 18.50 20.00 21.50 23.00 24.50 26.00 Solution: N blow input input input input input input input input input input input input input input input input input

During the geotech. Investigations, it is also observed that groundwater table is encountered at a depth of 1 m measured from the ground surface. Given for the sand: Dry unit weight ( Dry) = Sat. unit weight ( Sat) = Determine, for an earthquake magnitude of if liquefaction will occur at the site. Assume that the maximum peak ground acceleration at the site is amax = 0.36 g Mw
=

17.6 18.5 6.93

kN/m3 kN/m3

Step 1

The following table can now be prepared for calculating the shear resistance (' o) availibalbe in the sand deposit at different depths. 'o (unit weight of soil above the ground water tabel (GWT) 'o ( unit weight of soil below the ground water tabel (GWT) = = Dry . Depth (( Sat - 9.81)). Depth

Figure 10.34 (see attachment) can be used for determination of the liquefaction potential in the field In doing so, it is important to remember that; Eq 10.30

The corretion factor can be expressed as (Liao and Whitman, 1986) Where 'v is in kPa Eq 10.31

Depth (m)

Vertical effective stress (kPa)

N
field

CN [Eq.10.31]

N' use N'

ROUND(..)

[tau h] sigm v
field

[tau h]

or th (kPa)
new data (Soil Type)

Fig 10.34

gammaD
a b

N'

= CN.N F (rounded off) From Figure 10.34 (see attachment.pdf file)

Step 2

The following table can now be prepared for calculation of the shear stresses in the sand deposit at different depths [tau av, tav using equation 10.26] Assumsing the soil column to behave as a rigid body, the maximum shear stress at a depth h due to maximum ground surface acceleration of amax can be given by :

Eq. 10.24 Determined by Eq. (10.24), needs to be modified as Eq. 10.25

According to Seed and Idriss, one can take Eq. 10.26

Total Vertical stress (kPa)

from Step 1
Comparison [tau h]

Depth (m)

Depth (ft)

amax
g

CD

t av
= 0.65CD[(gh/g)amax]

Description

Description (from I.D.O.T)

Description from Tsuchida (see Bellow)

or th
new data (Soil Type) : N

a b

CD av

from figure 10.30b (see attachment.pdf file) = 0.65 C D [(h/g)a max ] Liquefaction analysis using I.D.O.T (depth; feet unit)

Reff: Liquefaction Susceptibility based on grain size soil gradation

Coefficient of Uniformity of Soil at BOREHOLE No. INPUT

Depth From m m to Grain Size Analysis D60 D30 mm mm Uniformity Coefficient Cu * (Tsucida, 1970) Description

* Figure 1. Range of Soil Gradation Susceptible to Liquefaction for Cu < 3.5 (Tsuchida, 1970)

* Figure 1. Range of Soil Gradation Susceptible to Liquefaction for Cu > 3.5 (Tsuchida, 1970)

unliquefiable zone Liquefiable zone

unliquefiable zone Liquefiable zone

Potentially Liquefiable zone

unliquefiable zone

Potentially Liquefiable zone

unliquefiable zone