List of WLAN channels - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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List of WLAN channels

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This list of WLAN channels is the set of legally allowed Wireless LAN channels using IEEE 802.11. The 802.11 workgroup currently documents use in three distinct frequency ranges, 2.4 GHz, 3.6 GHz and 4.9/5.0 GHz bands.[1] Each range is divided into a multitude of channels. Countries apply their own regulations to both the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges. In some countries, such as the United States, licensed Amateur Radio operators may use some of the channels at much higher power for long distance wireless access.

Contents
1 2.4 GHz (802.11b/g/n) 2 3.6 GHz (802.11y) 3 4.9 GHz (802.11y) Public Safety WLAN 4 5 GHz (802.11a/h/j/n)[13] 5 See also 6 References

2.4 GHz (802.11b/g/n)

Graphical representation of Wireless LAN channels in 2.4 GHz band

There are 14 channels designated in the 2.4 GHz range spaced 5 MHz apart (with the exception of a 12 MHz spacing before Channel 14). As the protocol requires 25 MHz of channel separation, adjacent channels overlap and will interfere with each other. Consequently, using only channels 1, 6, 11 is recommended in the US to avoid interference.[2] In much of the world, the four channels 1, 5, 9, 13 are recommended. There are exceptions to this however, for example in the UK, where British Telecom recommend use of three channels 1, 6, 11. Using the 3-channel system is recommended, since many existing access points are on channel 6 by factory default, causing the channel 6 to be likely to be in use anyway. Potential Wireless LAN by IEEE 802.11 clauses 18 (802.11b), 19 (802.11g) and 20 (802.11n). IEEE 802.11 clauses 14 and 15 also specify potential uses of this range, but did not see widespread implementation. Countries apply their own regulations to both the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges. Consult your local authorities as these regulations may be out of date as they are subject to change at any time. Most of the world will allow the first thirteen channels in the spectrum. Channel 1* 2 3 4 5* 6 7 8 9* Frequency (MHz) 2412 2417 2422 2427 2432 2437 2442 2447 2452 North America
[3]

Japan[3] Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Most of worldA
[3][4][5][6][7]

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

YesD YesD YesD YesD Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_WLAN_channels

10 11 12 13* 14

2457 2462 2467 2472 2484

Yes Yes NoB NoB No

Yes Yes Yes Yes 11b onlyC

Yes Yes Yes Yes No

*With 802.11g and newer only the channels 1, 5, 9, and 13 shall be used in order to obey the non-overlapping 20 MHz OFDM channel scheme borrowed from 802.11a. But please do a site survey first, then if channel 6 is already heavily occupied, follow the 3-channel system. ^A Earlier, in Spain the only allowable channels were 1011, and in France 1013. These restrictions have been removed since, and these countries are currently following the common European policy (channels 113). ^B In the USA, 802.11 operation in the channels 12 and 13 is actually allowed under low powered conditions. The 2.4 GHz Part 15 band in the US allows spread-spectrum operation as long as the 50-dB bandwidth of the signal is within the range of 2,4002,483.5 MHz[8] which wholly encompasses both channels 12 and 13. A Federal Communications Commission (FCC) document clarifies that only channel 14 is forbidden and furthermore low-power transmitters with low-gain antennas may legally operate in channels 12 and 13.[9] However, channels 12 and 13 are not normally used in order to avoid any potential interference in the adjacent restricted frequency band, 2,483.52,500 MHz,[10] which is subject to strict emission limits set out in 47 CFR 15.205.[11] In Canada, 12 channels are available for use, 11 of which at full power and the other (channel 12) is transmit power limited. However, few devices have a method to enable a lower powered channel 12. ^C Channel 14 is valid only for DSSS and CCK modes (Clause 18 a.k.a. 802.11b) in Japan. OFDM (i.e., 802.11g) may not be used. (IEEE 802.11-2007 19.4.2) ^D Outdoor use of channels 14 is not allowed in Israel, although indoor use is permitted.[12]

3.6 GHz (802.11y)

Except where noted, all information taken from Annex J of IEEE 802.11y-2008 This range is documented as only being allowed as a licensed band in the United States. Please see IEEE 802.11y for details. Countries apply their own regulations to both the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges. Channel 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 United States Frequency (MHz) 5 MHz 10 MHz 20 MHz 3657.5 3662.5 3660.0 3667.5 3665.0 3672.5 3670.0 3677.5 3682.5 3680.0 3687.5 3685.0 3689.5 3690.0 Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No No No Yes No No No Yes No No Yes No No No Yes No No No No Yes No No No No No No Yes No No

4.9 GHz (802.11y) Public Safety WLAN

50 MHz of spectrum from 4940 MHz to 4990 MHz (WLAN channels 2026) are in use by public safety entities in the United States. Within this spectrum space, there are two non-overlapping channels allocated, both with a width of 20MHz. The most commonly used channels are 22 and 26.

5 GHz (802.11a/h/j/n)[13]
Countries apply their own regulations to both the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges. Consult your local authorities as these regulations may be out of date as they are subject to change at any time. European standard EN 301 893 covers 5.15-5.725 GHz operation, and v1.7.1 is in force. In 2007 the FCC (United States) began requiring that devices operating on 5.2505.350 GHz and 5.4705.725 GHz must employ dynamic frequency selection (DFS) and transmit power control (TPC) capabilities. This is to avoid interference with weather-radar and military applications.[14] In 2010, the FCC further clarified the use of channels in the 5.4705.725 GHz band to avoid interference with Terminal Doppler Weather Radar (TDWR) systems. [15] This statement eliminated the use of channels 120, 124, and 128. Channels 116 and 132 may be used, so long as they are separated by more than 30 MHz (center-to-center) from a TDWR located within 35 km of the device. There are now at least five relevant KDBs about operation in 5 GHz radar bands. Germany requires dynamic frequency selection (DFS) and transmit power control (TPC) capabilities on 5.2505.350 GHz and 5.4705.725 GHz as well, in addition the frequency range 5.1505.350 GHz is only allowed for indoor use, leaving only 5.470-5.725 GHz for outdoor and indoor use. [16] Since this is the German implementation of EU-Rule 2005/513/EC, similar regulations must be expected throughout the European Union.[17][18] Austria adopted Decision 2005/513/EC directly into national law.[19] The same restrictions as in Germany apply, only 5.470-5.5725 GHz is allowed to be used outdoor and indoor. South Africa simply copied the European regulations.[20] Japan no longer allows 34, 38, 42, and 46 channels for connecting J52 supported old APs. Authorization to use these channels expired in May 2012. In Brazil, the TPC use in 5,1505,725 MHz band is optional. DFS is required only in 5,4705,725 MHz band.[21]

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Australian DFS channels also require TPC, or the maximum allowed power is cut in half.[7] Frequency United States (MHz) 40/20 MHz[22] 4915 4920 4925 4935 4940 4945 4960 4980 5035 5040 5045 5055 5060 5080 5170 5180 5190 5200 5210 5220 5230 5240 5260 5280 5300 5320 5500 5520 5540 5560 5580 5600 5620 5640 5660 5680 5700 5745 5765 5785 5805 5825 No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes DFS DFS DFS DFS DFS DFS
[15] [15]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_WLAN_channels

Europe 40/20 MHz No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Indoors No Indoors No Indoors No Indoors Indoors/DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS/TPC Indoors/DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No No No No No

Japan

Singapore

China

Israel

Korea

Turkey

Australia

South Africa

Brazil

Channel 183 184 185 187 188 189 192 196 7 8 9 11 12 16 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 52 56 60 64 100 104 108 112 116 120 124 128 132 136 140 149 153 157 161 165

40/20 MHz[23] 10 MHz 40/20 MHz[24] 20 MHz 20 MHz[6] 20 MHz[25] 40/20 MHz[26] 40/20 MHz[7] 40/20 MHz[20] 40/20 MHz[21] No Yes No No Yes No Yes Yes No No No No No No Client only Yes Client only Yes Client only Yes Client only Yes DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC No No No DFS/TPC DFS/TPC DFS/TPC Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors Indoors DFS DFS DFS DFS DFS DFS DFS DFS DFS DFS DFS Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

DFS[15] DFS[15] DFS[15] DFS[27] DFS DFS

[28] [29]

DFS[15] DFS[15] DFS[15] Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

See also
Electromagnetic interference at 2.4 GHz High Speed Multimedia Radio List of WLAN frames Wireless LAN In Japan, authorization to use channels 34, 38, 42 and 46 expired in May 2012, seven years after channels 36, 40, 44 and 48 were initially allowed. ARIB STD T-71v5_2 clause 5.3.8.3.3 lists permitted channels.

References
"Regulatory Database" (http://wireless.kernel.org/en/developers/Regulatory/Database) . Linux Wireless. http://wireless.kernel.org/en/developers/Regulatory/Database. An online database of allowed frequencies used by Linux 802.11 subsystem. 1. ^ "IEEE 802.11-2007: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications" (http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/802.11.html) . IEEE. 2007-03-08. http://standards.ieee.org /getieee802/802.11.html. 2. ^ "Change the WiFi Channel Number to Avoid Interference" (http://compnetworking.about.com/od/wifihomenetworking/qt/wifichannel.htm) . http://compnetworking.about.com/od/wifihomenetworking /qt/wifichannel.htm. 3. ^ a b c IEEE 802.11-2007 Table 18-9 4. ^ France: "WLAN regulatory update" (http://www.arcep.fr/index.php?id=8571&L=1&tx_gsactualite_pi1%5Buid%5D=232&tx_gsactualite_pi1%5Bannee%5D=2003&tx_gsactualite_pi1%5Btheme%5D=0&

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5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.

22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29.

tx_gsactualite_pi1%5Bmotscle%5D=&tx_gsactualite_pi1%5BbackID%5D=2122&cHash=a558568045) . 2003-02-03. http://www.arcep.fr/index.php?id=8571&L=1&tx_gsactualite_pi1%5Buid%5D=232& tx_gsactualite_pi1%5Bannee%5D=2003&tx_gsactualite_pi1%5Btheme%5D=0&tx_gsactualite_pi1%5Bmotscle%5D=&tx_gsactualite_pi1%5BbackID%5D=2122&cHash=a558568045. ^ Spain: http://web.archive.org/web/20080206082504/http://www.mityc.es/Telecomunicaciones/Secciones/Espectro/cnaf/ ^ a b Israel: "2005 ",(2 '( " ) ( )http://www.moc.gov.il/sip_storage/FILES/3/293.pdf) (in hebrew). http://www.moc.gov.il/sip_storage/FILES/3/293.pdf. ^ a b c Australia: "Radiocommunications (Low Interference Potential Devices) Class Licence 2000" (http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2009C00545#param6) . comlaw.gov.au. http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details /F2009C00545#param6. Retrieved 2011-03-28. ^ 47 CFR 15.247 (http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=ecfr;sid=9eab2402bb1cccc8f85bb3fa9e6c2daa;rgn=div5;view=text;node=47%3A1.0.1.1.16;idno=47;cc=ecfr#47:1.0.1.1.16.3.234.31) ^ "TCB workshop on unlicensed devices" (http://www.fcc.gov/oet/ea/presentations/files/oct05/Unlicensed_Devices_JD.pdf) . October 2005. p. 58. http://www.fcc.gov/oet/ea/presentations/files/oct05 /Unlicensed_Devices_JD.pdf. ^ NTIA comments to the FCC ET Docket 03-108, footnote 88 (http://www.ntia.doc.gov/ntiahome/fccfilings/2005/cogradio/ETDocket03-108_02152005.htm#_ftn88) ^ http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2004/octqtr/pdf/47cfr15.205.pdf ^ "Cisco Enterprise Mobility 4.1 Design Guide, Chapter 3: WLAN Radio Frequency Design Considerations" (http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Mobility/emob41dg/ch3_WLAN.pdf) . p. 3. http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Mobility/emob41dg/ch3_WLAN.pdf. ^ IEEE 802.11-2007 Annex J modified by amendments k, y and n. ^ FCC 15.407 as of June 23, 2011 hallikainen.com / See paragraph 'h' (http://louise.hallikainen.org/FCC/FccRules/2011/15/407/) ^ a b c d e f g h i FCC Publication - 443999 D01 Approval of DFS UNII Devices v01 (http://fjallfoss.fcc.gov/oetcf/kdb/forms/FTSSearchResultPage.cfm?switch=P&id=41732) ^ Bundesnetzagentur Vfg 7/2010 / See footnote 4 and 5 (german only) (http://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/cae/servlet/contentblob/38216/publicationFile/6579/WLAN5GHzVfg7_2010_28042010pdf.pdf) ^ 2005/513/EC: Commission Decision of 11 July 2005 on the harmonised use of radio spectrum in the 5 GHz frequency band for the implementation of wireless access systems (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ /LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32005D0513:EN:NOT) ^ 2007/90/EC: Commission Decision of 12 February 2007 amending Decision 2005/513/EC on the harmonised use of radio spectrum in the 5 GHz frequency band for the implementation of Wireless Access Systems (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32007D0090:EN:NOT) ^ Information der Obersten Fernmeldebehrde - Drahtlose lokale Netzwerke (WAS, WLAN, RLAN)(german only) (http://www.bmvit.gv.at/bmvit/telekommunikation/publikationen/infoblaetter/downloads /052010.pdf) ^ a b Frequency assignments for unlicensed devices / See page 14 (http://www.ellipsis.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/licence_exemption_frequency_regs_2008.pdf) ^ a b "Brazil: Resoluo n 506, de 01/07/2008, publicado no Dirio Oficial de 07/07/2008, atualizado em 24/11/2010 (in Brazilian Portuguese)" (http://www.anatel.gov.br/Portal/verificaDocumentos /documento.asp?numeroPublicacao=252315&assuntoPublicacao=null&caminhoRel=Cidadao-Biblioteca-Acervo%20Documental&filtro=1&documentoPath=252315.pdf) . p. 33. http://www.anatel.gov.br/Portal /verificaDocumentos/documento.asp?numeroPublicacao=252315&assuntoPublicacao=null&caminhoRel=Cidadao-Biblioteca-Acervo%20Documental&filtro=1&documentoPath=252315.pdf. ^ FCC 15.407 as of August 8, 2008 hallikainen.com (http://sujan.hallikainen.org/FCC/FccRules/2008/15/407/) ^ 802.11-2007 Japan MIC Released the new 5 GHz band (W56) (http://www.adt.com.tw/english/news_files/81.pdf) . Bureau Veritas ADT. http://www.adt.com.tw/english/news_files/81.pdf. Retrieved 2008-02-23. ^ "IDA Singapore: Spectrum Management Handbook" (http://www.ida.gov.sg/doc/Policies%20and%20Regulation/Policies_and_Regulation_Level2/20060421164253/SpectrumMgmtHB.pdf) . May 2011. p. 30. http://www.ida.gov.sg/doc/Policies%20and%20Regulation/Policies_and_Regulation_Level2/20060421164253/SpectrumMgmtHB.pdf. ^ Korea Frequency Distribution Table (http://www.rra.go.kr/join/databoard/law/view.jsp?lw_type=3&lw_seq=187) 2008.12.31 (in Korean) ^ KISA MESAFE ERML TELSZ CHAZLARI (KET) YNETMEL Resmi Gazete 10.03.2010 (http://www.tk.gov.tr/mevzuat/yonetmelikler/dosyalar/KET_yonetmeligi.pdf) Madde 8 - Geniband veri iletim sistemleri (in Turkish) ^ "FCC 15.407" (http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=ecfr&sid=e67b980c82a6f0bcbe0cb686663bf728&rgn=div8&view=text&node=47:1.0.1.1.16.5.235.4&idno=47) . http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t /text/text-idx?c=ecfr&sid=e67b980c82a6f0bcbe0cb686663bf728&rgn=div8&view=text&node=47:1.0.1.1.16.5.235.4&idno=47. ^ "FCC 15.407" (http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=ecfr&sid=e67b980c82a6f0bcbe0cb686663bf728&rgn=div8&view=text&node=47:1.0.1.1.16.5.235.4&idno=47) . http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t /text/text-idx?c=ecfr&sid=e67b980c82a6f0bcbe0cb686663bf728&rgn=div8&view=text&node=47:1.0.1.1.16.5.235.4&idno=47. ^ "FCC 15.407" (http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=ecfr&sid=e67b980c82a6f0bcbe0cb686663bf728&rgn=div8&view=text&node=47:1.0.1.1.16.5.235.4&idno=47) . http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t /text/text-idx?c=ecfr&sid=e67b980c82a6f0bcbe0cb686663bf728&rgn=div8&view=text&node=47:1.0.1.1.16.5.235.4&idno=47.

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