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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from FrancoBritish plans for intervention in the Winter War) During the early stages of World War II, the British and French Allies made a series of proposals to send troops against the Soviet Union, which had invaded Finland in 1939 as a consequence of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. The plans involved the transit of British and French troops and equipment through neutral Norway and Sweden. The initial plans were abandoned due to Norway and Sweden declining transit through their land, fearing their countries would get pulled into the war. The Moscow Peace Treaty ended the war in March 1940 precluding the possibility of intervention.
Contents
1 Background 2 Initial Allied approaches 3 Norwegian and Swedish reaction 4 Further Allied proposals and their effect on peace negotiations 5 See also 6 References o 6.1 Citations o 6.2 Bibliography
Background
In February 1940, a major Soviet offensive broke through the Mannerheim Line on the Karelian Isthmus, exhausting Finnish defenses and forcing the country's government to accept peace negotiations on Soviet terms. At the news that Finland might be forced to cede its sovereignty to the USSR, public opinion in France and Britain, already favorable to Finland, swung in favor of military intervention. When rumors of an armistice reached governments in Paris and London, both decided to offer military support.
Franco-British support was offered on the condition their armed forces be given free passage through neutral Norway and Sweden instead of taking the difficult and Soviet-occupied passage from Petsamo.
The Swedish Cabinet also decided to reject repeated Finnish pleas for regular Swedish troops to be deployed in Finland, and in the end the Swedes also made it clear that their present support in arms and munitions could not be maintained for much longer. Diplomatically, Finland was squeezed between Allied hopes for a prolonged war and Swedish and Norwegian fears that the Allies and Germans might soon be fighting each other on Swedish and Norwegian soil. Also, Norway and Sweden feared an influx of Finnish refugees if Finland lost to the Soviets.
See also
Plan R 4 Operation Pike Allied campaign in Norway Foreign support in the Winter War Swedish iron mining during World War II
References
Citations
Jump up ^ National Archives and Records Administration: State Department and Foreign Affairs Records - Sweden 2. Jump up ^ Scandinavian Press, Issue 3 1995) Article This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (July 2009) 1.
Bibliography
Andersson, Lennart B3 Junkers Ju86 i Sverige Cox, Geoffrey (1941) The Red Army Moves (Victor Gollancz, London). Engle, Eloise & Paananen, Lauri (1992). The Winter War: The Soviet Attack on Finland 19391940. Stackpole Books. ISBN 0-8117-2433-6. Jakobson, Max (1961). The Diplomacy of the Winter War: An Account of the Russo-Finnish War, 1939-1940. Cambridge, MA: Harward University Press.
hquist, Harald (1949). Talvisota minun nkkulmastani. Helsinki: WSOY. (in Finnish) Ries, Tomas (1988). Cold Will: Defence of Finland. Brassey's. ISBN 0-08-033592-6. Schwartz, Andrew J. (1960). America and the Russo-Finnish War. Washington, D.C.: Public Affairs Press. Tanner, Vin (1957) The Winter War: Finland against Russia 1939-1940 Stanford University Press, California; also London. Trotter, William R. (2002, 2006) [1991]. The Winter war: The RussoFinno War of 193940 (5th ed.). New York (Great Britain: London): Workman Publishing Company (Great Britain: Aurum Press). ISBN 1-85410-881-6. "First published in the United States under the title A Frozen Hell: The RussoFinnish Winter War of 193940" Upton, Anthony F. (1974). Finland 1939-1940 (University of Delaware Press, Newark: part of series The Politics and Strategy of the Second World War) ISBN 0-87413-156-1 Van Dyke, Carl (1997). The Soviet Invasion of Finland, 1939-40. Frank Cass Publishers. ISBN 0-7146-4314-9. Vehvilinen, Olli (2002). Finland in the Second World War: Between Germany and Russia. New York: Palgrave. ISBN 0-333-80149-0. "Finland i Krig 1939-1940" - multiple authors. ISBN 951-50-1182-5
Categories:
Winter War 1939 in Finland 1940 in Finland Sweden in World War II Norwegian Campaign Soviet UnionUnited Kingdom relations Cancelled military operations of World War II