DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the work in this project is our own except for quotations and summaries which have been duly acknowledged.

31th March 2011

CHAN KHAN NYE (A131904)

MAZNI BINTI JAMALUDIN (A132060)

JANANI A/P VELAYUDHAN (A132457)

MUHAMMAD ASHRAF BIN MOHD AMIRUZZAN (A131305)

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, thank to God for giving us the strength and chances to finish this integrated project. We would like to specially thank to our lecturers Dr. Manal Ismail, Prof Madya .Dr Meor Zainal Abidin Meor Talib, Prof Abu Bakar Mohamad and Prof Madya Dr Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah for helping us to complete this report by giving us some useful information about the project . Without the help of the lecturers, our group will not able to handle the whole project . They always patient when guiding us with dedication while doing this project. Besides, we would like thank also to our beloved parents who gave us the support and encouragement as well as the financial support all along this project . We believe that we will not be able to complete this hard task without them . After carrying out this project, we realize one of the important factor that lead to the success is the cooperation between the group members . We need to carry out discussion in order to complete this project . We also carry out plenty of research at PTSL ( Perpustakaan Tun Sri Lanang). We manage to find some thesis report, journal and also encyclopedia . With these references, we manage to get a lots of info for our project . Internet sources is also a good way to get the data that we required.

Lastly, thank for those who always help us by giving us lots of useful suggestion and also comment. Without their co-operation, it is very hard and impossible to complete this project.

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ABSTRACT

Correction: Abstract is rewrite to be even more specific. Margin is adjusted.

The purpose of this integrated project is to design an ethylene glycol plant. Basically, ethylene oxide and water is used in this process. However, ethylene oxide has to be produced first before the reaction can occur, which that the chemical reaction and thermodynamics data are included in our project. A process flow diagram of the production is designed and the process of the diagram is provided as well. Analysis of ethylene glycol demand and supply from year 2001 until year 2009 (data from China) was carried out. We can see that from overall, the demand is higher than the supply by 26% percent. From the information of worldwide production , Malaysia is the total 0.02% of worldwide production , which mean that it will produce around 38 590 tonnes per year. This show that the plants production is estimated to be 40 000 tones / year. Future market of ethylene glycol has high potential as the usage of ethylene glycol become more crucial. It is estimated to be keep increasing from year to year . Even though ethylene glycol has high future market and demand, environmental aspect also need to concern. Therefore, MSDS is provided as reference. Proper way for waste disposal and water treatment is discuss in the environmental section. For more specific, waste water is treated using waste water plant, and waste gas is treated using incineration method . Few government act are also introduced by Malaysia to prevent pollution. From the calculation part, we had identified the entire flow rate for all the unit by using material balance. The steps and results of the calculation are shown in the calculation part, which we meet our demand of Malaysias production per year .

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CONTENT Pages DECLARATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ABSTRACT CONTENT CHAPTER 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 CHAPTER II CHAPTER III 3.1 INTRODUCTION What is Ethylene Glycol ? Structural formula of ethylene glycol Physical and Chemical properties Stability and Reactivity Historical aspects and natural occurance Production of Ehtlyene Gylcol PRODUCT USAGE DEMANDS AND PRODUCTION DEMAND AND PRODUCTION OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL IN CHINA CHAPTER IV FUTURE MARKETING POTENTIAL OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL CHAPTER V CHAPTER VI : 6.1 6.1.1 6.1.2 SOURCES OF RAW MATERIALS ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ETHYLENE GLYCOL IN THE ENVIRONMENT NEGATIVE EFFECT THAT CAUSED ETHYLENE GLYCOL RELEASED 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.2.3 6.2.4 6.3 6.3.1 6.3.2 WASTE GENERATION INTRODUCTION WASTE WATER WASTE LIQUID WASTE GASES GOVERNMENT ACT AND DISCHARGE LIMIT INTRODUCTION GOVERNMENT REGULATION 26 26 26 27 27 28 28 28 14 22 22 22 23 12 ii iii iv v 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 8 8

CHAPTER VII

CHEMICAL OF REACTION PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

29

CHAPTER VIII 8.1 8.2 CONCLUSION REFFERENCES APPENDIX

CALCULATIONS Material Balance Energy Balance

32 32 50 74 75 76

LIST OF TABLE & FIGURES TABLE NO. 1.1 1.1 World consumption of monoethylene glycol 2006 China Ethylene Glycol Output, Import Volume, & Apparent Consumption, 2001-2009 PAGES 8 10

1.1 6.1 6.2

China Ethylene Glycol output & apparent consumption,2005-2009 Acute toxicity of ethylene glycol to aquatic organisms INTERNATIONAL CHEMICAL SAFETY CARD

10 25 24

9.1

Coefficients of molar heat capacities of the components

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