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2013 (1) 2012 (33) December (1) November (3) September (5) August (16) July (8) Sporadic "Access Denied" Messages for Reports with... Internet Explorer (IE7, IE8 and IE9) Recommended S... Financial Management Error "There was some communi... Hyperion Upgrade 9.3 to 11.1.2 Considerations Spooling What is a Vproc? Optimizing Essbase Cache Cartesian Product in SQL
The data file cache is used only when direct I/O is in effect.
Essbase provides default size settings for each cache; you can adjust the sizes as needed for each
Caches
The settings that you should use for each of the caches that you can configure depend on data distribution and the dense/sparse configuration of the database. The maximum combined total size of the caches should equal the amount of available memory after the memory required by Essbase is taken into account. The needs for each site, even for a particular database, can vary. Depending on the complexity and type of each operation, Essbase allocates as much memory for the data file cache and the
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data cache as needed. Use the recommended values in this section to estimate enough memory for optimal performance. If you are using Essbase for the first time, cache sizes are set automatically to the default values discussed in the following sections. Use these topics to find and understand recommendations for each cache size.
Note:
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Changes made to cache sizes take effect the next time you start the database.
For information about changing the I/O access mode for a database, or about changing the default for all newly created databases, In general, if you are using direct I/O, make the index cache as large as system resources allow. If you are using buffered I/O, make the index cache as small as possible.
If other concurrent operations (such as data loads and queries) take place when running concurrent calculations, increase the data cache even more to accommodate these requests. Make the data cache as small as possible whether you are using buffered I/O or direct I/O. Note: may be larger than 4 GB. Although you cannot specify settings larger than 4 GB in Essbase clients, you can enable larger settings using the MEMSCALINGFACTOR configuration setting. See the Fine-Tuning Cache Settings on.When running Essbase on 64-bit platforms, optimal data cache and data file cache settings
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Essbase can create a bitmap, whose size is controlled by the size of the calculator cache, to record and track data blocks during a calculation. Determining which blocks exist using the bitmap is faster than accessing the disk to obtain the information, particularly if calculating a database for the first time or calculating a database when the data is sparse. Essbase uses the calculator cache bitmap if the database has at least two sparse dimensions and either of these conditions is also met: You calculate at least one full sparse dimension.
Understanding the Calculator Cache Bitmap
You specify the SET CACHE ALL command in a calculation script. For the calculator cache, Essbase separates sparse dimensions in the database into two groups:
l the bitmap until the bitmap is full. Each member combination of the sparse dimensions placed in the bitmap occupies 1 bit of memory, and there must be enough space in the bitmap for every member combination of a sparse dimension for it to be placed in the bitmap.
Bitmap dimensions: The sparse dimensions from the database outline that Essbase fits into
l outline that do not fit into the bitmap. Essbase starts with the first sparse dimension in the database outline and fits as many sparse dimensions as possible into the bitmap. The dimensions that fit are the bitmap dimensions. Essbase stops the process when it cannot fit another complete sparse dimension into the bitmap. Because the calculator cache controls the size of the bitmap, the number of sparse dimensions
Anchoring dimensions: The remaining one or more sparse dimensions in the database
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Optimizing Essbase Caches
that can fit in the bitmap depends on the size of the calculator cache (and the number and size of the sparse dimensions). The remaining sparse dimensions are the anchoring dimensions. For anchoring dimensions, Essbase cannot use the bitmap to determine whether blocks exist. To see which dimensions are anchoring dimensions and which are bitmap dimensions, use the SET MSG DETAIL calculation command to display bitmap information in the application log. Carefully order the sparse dimensions in your outline so that as many dimensions as possible can be placed into the bitmap. Start with the dimension that contains the fewest members and continue until the dimension with the most members is last. This order allows more dimensions to fit into the bitmap and results in improved calculation performance.
Note:
Essbase uses a single bitmap if there are multiple anchoring dimensions or if the calculator cache is not large enough to support multiple bitmaps, and uses multiple bitmaps if there is one anchoring dimension. A single bitmap has these properties: .
l
A single bitmap uses the least memory but is less efficient than multiple bitmaps.
l
Multiple bitmaps are used, one to track child blocks and one to track parent blocks.
l performance improvement is particularly high when you are calculating the database for the first time.
Multiple bitmaps use more memory but are faster than using a single bitmap. The
l for any members in the anchoring dimension. A member has one dependent parent, unless it has a shared member. For example, consider the Product dimension of the Sample.Basic database. The member Cola ( 100-10) has one parent, Colas ( 100). However, Diet Cola ( 100-20) has two parents, Diet Drinks ( Diet) and Colas ( 100). No members of Product have more than two dependent parents. Therefore, if Product is the anchoring dimension, the maximum dependent parents is two. Essbase chooses one of three options, as shown in
Calculator Cache Options 1 Single anchoring dimension, multiple bitmaps 1 2 Single anchoring dimension, single bitmap 2
Sizing Caches Option Method Performance Rating
Essbase chooses the optimal performance method for a database calculation, based on the size
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of the calculator cache. If the calculator cache size is too small for any of the above options, Essbase does not use a calculator cache. Calculation performance may be significantly impaired. Enabling parallel calculation may change which calculator cache option is used. Caution! is particularly significant for calculation performance. If possible, ensure that the calculator cache is large enough for Essbase to use the optimal calculator cache option. Calculator.If you are calculating the database for the first time, the size of the calculator cache
where
B i t m a ps i z ei nb y t e s=M a x( ( m e m b e rc o m b i n a t i o n so nt h eb i t m a pd i m e n s i o n s/8 ) ,4 )
and where
N u m b e ro fb i t m a p s=M a x i m u mn u m b e ro fd e p e n d e n tp a r e n t si nt h ea n c h o r i n gd i m e n s i o n+2 c o n s t a n tb i t m a p s Note: dimensions/8) is less than 4 bytes, Essbase uses a bitmap size of 4 bytes. Consider a sample database with five sparse dimensions (S1 to S5), as shown in
The minimum bitmap size is 4 bytes. If (member combinations on the Example: Sample Database with
Five Sparse Dimensions Sparse Dimension Number of Members Dependent Parents S1 20 Not applicable S2 20 Not applicable S3 50 Not applicable S4 50 Not applicable 838
Optimizing Essbase Caches
For this sample calculation, assume the following facts about a database (from 837 Table 175 on page):
l
Anchoring dimension: S5
l Perform this calculation:
For Essbase to use multiple bitmaps for this database with one anchoring dimension, the
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For this sample calculation, assume the following facts about a database (from 837 Table 175 on page):
l
Anchoring dimension: S5
l Perform this calculation:
For Essbase to use a single bitmap for this database with one anchoring dimension, the calculator cache must be 125,000 bytes.
Option 3: Multiple Anchoring Dimensions, Single Bitmap
For this sample calculation, assume the following facts about a database (from 837 Table 175 on page):
l
For Essbase to use a single bitmap for this database with multiple anchoring dimensions, the calculator cache must be 2,500 bytes.
You can check which calculator cache option Essbase is able to use on a database by using
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the SET MSG SUMMARY command in a calculation script. Run the following calculation script on the empty database:
S E TM S GS U M M A R Y ; C A L CA L L ;
Essbase displays the calculator cache setting in the ESSCMD window or in the application log. See The maximum calculator cache size that you can specify is 200,000,000 bytes. The default is 200,000 bytes. The calculator cache size that you choose depends on available memory and the configuration of the database. SET MSG SUMMARY and SET MSG DETAIL on page 870.
Note: on performance if the database calculation is based more on aggregations and less on formula calculations.
The sizes of the calculator, index, data file, and data caches usually have a greater effect
Sizing the Calculator Cache to Calculate the Database for the First Time
If you are calculating the database for the first time, the size of the calculator cache is particularly significant. If possible, ensure that the calculator cache is large enough for Essbase to use the optimal calculator cache option. See Calculating the Calculator Cache Size on page 838.
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The first message describes the total time required for the retrieval. If a dynamic calculator cache is used, the second message displays the number of blocks calculated within the data calculator cache (DCC =
n ) and
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the configuration of all databases on the server machine, and the nature of user queries. The following description of each configuration setting includes recommendations for how to determine values for your system. To match your sites unique requirements, you may need to test and adjust the settings.
l to each dynamic calculator cache on the server. Recommended setting value = C * S * U.
DYNCALCCACHEMAXSIZE: This setting specifies the maximum size Essbase can allocate
m (The SET LOCKBLOCK command specifies which CALCLOCKBLOCK setting to use.)
S is the size of the largest expanded block across all databases on the machine. To
o and QTD)
19 (Year, with 12 stored members and 7 Dynamic Calc members, including HTD
o
U is the maximum number of expected concurrent users on the database that has the
842
Optimizing Essbase Caches
Assigning the value 0 (zero) to DYNCALCACHEMAXSIZE tells Essbase not to use dynamic calculator caches. By default, the maximum size for this value is 20 MB (20,971,520 bytes).
l calculator cache, this setting tells Essbase whether to wait until space becomes available in the cache or to immediately write and calculate the blocks in memory outside the dynamic calculator cache. If the dynamic calculator cache is too small, it is possible for multiple threads to be in queue, each thread waiting to calculate its data blocks. Recommended setting value = FALSE (default value). Before setting to TRUE, try these alternatives:
Increase the value of DYNCALCCACHEMAXSIZE, test, and repeat until you verify that
l calculator cache, this setting defines how long it waits. Recommended setting value = WT / B.
WT is the maximum tolerable wait time for a query; for example, 5 seconds.
m To determine the value of B, check the messages in the application log for the largest number of Dyn.Calc.Cache Big Block Allocs for a query, as discussed in Dynamic Calculator Cache Usage on page 437
DYNCALCCACHEBLKRELEASE: If Essbase has waited the specified time and space still is
l the DYNCALCCACHEBLKRELEASE setting is TRUE, this setting is the size of the dynamic calculator cache compressed-block buffer. Recommended setting value = (C * S) / 2.
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S as described for the DYNCALCCACHEMAXSIZE setting.
S is the size of the largest expanded block across all databases on the machine. Calculate
Note: Server to use the new values.
After changing any parameter in the e s s b a s e . c f g file, you must stop and restart Essbase
Sizing Caches
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For information about specific dynamic calculator cache settings, see the Reference Oracle Essbase Technical.
Index Cache
The advantages of a large index cache plateau at some point. When the index cache size equals or exceeds the index size (including all index files on all volumes), performance does not improve. However, to account for future growth of the index, you can set the index cache size larger than the current index size. Because the index cache is filled with index pages, for optimum use of storage, set the size of the index cache to be a multiple of the size of the index page (8 KB). See Index Files on page 1072 for an example of estimating index size.
The data file cache is used only if you are using direct I/O.
Data Cache
The data cache should be about 0.125 times the data file cache. However, certain calculations require a larger data cache size. If many concurrent users are accessing different data blocks, this cache should be larger. In general, if you must choose between allocating memory to the data file cache or allocating it to the data cache, choose the data file cache if you are using direct I/O. If upgrading from a previous version of Essbase, see the Installation and Configuration Guide Oracle Hyperion Enterprise Performance Management System.
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Optimizing Essbase Caches
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cache to determine whether to increase the cache size. To check cache hit ratios, see Checking Cache Hit Ratios in Oracle Essbase Administration.
l already in the cache. A higher hit ratio indicates that the data is in the cache more often. This improves performance, because the requested data need not be retrieved from disk for the next process. A hit ratio of 1.0 indicates that every time data is requested, it is found in the cache. This is the maximum performance possible from a cache setting.
The cache hit ratio indicates the percentage of time that a requested piece of information is
l index information in the index cache without having to retrieve another index page from disk.
The Hit Ratio on Index Cache setting indicates the Essbase kernel success rate in locating
l data file pages in the data file cache without having to retrieve the data file from disk.
The Hit Ratio on Data File Cache setting indicates the Essbase kernel success rate in locating
l in the data cache without having to retrieve the block from the data file cache.
The Hit Ratio on Data Cache setting indicates the Essbase success rate in locating data blocks
l a smaller increment may have the same benefit as a large one. Large, incremental allocations of memory usually result in very little gain in the hit ratio.
Check memory allocation. Add smaller amounts of memory at a time , if needed, because
Checking Performance
You can check cache statistics for a database by using the the query database MaxL statement withperformance statistics grammar.
Option Method Performance Rating
The number of bitmaps used is determined by the maximum number of dependent parents for example, when concurrent calculations do not share any common blocks and the sparse member with the largest number of children has all its children blocks populated in the database. To calculate the data cache for concurrent calculations, use the following formula:
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