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Seminar Report

titled

QUANTUM COMPUTER

Submitted BY

Mr RITIKESH D. BHASKARWAR Semester/Section: V/C Roll No: 249

OCTOBER, 2013-14

Department of Computer Technology


YESHWANTRAO CHAVAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, Nagpur
(An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University)

YESHWANTRAO CHAVAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING NAGPUR


(An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University)

Department of Computer Technology


(2013-14)

Certificate
This is to certify that the Seminar Report COMPUTER Technology), is submitted towards by the titled QUANTUM fulfillment of partial

requirement of seminar course in V Semester, B.E.(Computer degree awarded Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur.

Submitted by: Mr Ritikesh D. Bhaskarwar (Roll No: 249) is approved.

Seminar Guide Mr. M.C.Akewar

Seminar Coordinator

Head, Department of Computer Technology


Prof. A.R.Bhagat-Patil

Date: Place: YCCE , Nagpur

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Abstract

A quantum computer is a computation device that makes direct use of quantum-mechanical phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement, to perform operations on data. In early 1980s it was observed that certain quantum mechanical effects cannot be efficiently simulated on classical computer. This observation led to speculation that perhaps computation in general could be done more efficiently if it made use of these quantum effects. Quantum computers are different from digital computers based on transistors. Whereas digital computers require data to be encoded into binary digits (bits), quantum computation uses quantum properties to represent data and perform operations on these data. Talking about its basic working principal, it is similar to the standard binary system where information is stored as a one, or as a zero. However, a quantum computer can also store information as both a one and zero, simultaneously. While standard bits are generally stored as positive or negative voltage, qubits can be spinning photons, electrons, wire, etc. The direction of spin gives their zero, one or both zero and one status and when a force effects them, they become entangled. They require a large space and a highly controlled environment. Qubits are very fragile and to be accurate they require ultra-low temperatures, radio shielding, magnetic shielding a separate Faraday Cage and closed cycle cryogenic cooling to constantly maintain their temperature, so they are not currently practical for average user. Quantum computing is currently being used for encryption, long calculations and most importantly software validation. A quantum computer is the perfect solution for testing and validating software code as quantum computers solve problems in a more probabilistic manner. While binary

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computers can only find one solution, quantum computers can find the optimal solution out of many.

Table of Contents
Title Page No.

1.0 Introduction..... 2.0 Literature Survey and Background Knowledge....


(/*Extensive background knowledge of topic is expected*/)

3.0 Advantage 4.0 Applications.. 5.0 Conclusion

and

Limitations

References /* References should be strictly UNIFORM and in IEEE format


*/ /* please look up for http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/find/citation/ieee.html further information OR ASK Prof. K.R.Singh */

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List of Figures
Figure Number Figure Name Page No

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List of Tables
Table Number . . Table Name Page No

/*Body of the Seimanr report starts from here onwards */

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/* Chapter Title in 16 pts, Bold, Right Justified, Times New Roman, with four line spacing after the title and before the beginning of the text in para 1. */ /* Each paragraph heading must be 14 pt bold with appropriate index number, with a line space after and before it. Each para subheading must be in 12 pt bold and with subindex as appropriate e.g 2.1 OR 2.1.1 ... The paragraph text must be in 12 pt, Times New Roman, Full Justified, 1.5 line spacing, with the text printout on BOTH the sides of the page, single side printout will not be allowed */ /* Figures must be center alligned with Figure name in 11 pt, Times New Roman*/

Figure 1.1: Sample Figure

/* Very importantly note that the pages in the body of the report are NOT having any border, whereas the title pages upto the previous page are having borders. Also give numeric page numbers to these pages in the report whereas as can be seen above, the roman letter page numbers are to be given to the title pages upto the previous page */ /* The binding of the report must be SPRIAL BOUND . THIS TITLE PAGE IS THE COPY OF THE FIRST PAGE IN THIS SAMPLE GUIDELINE DOCUMENT WITH APPROPRIATE FIELDS FILLED IN*/ /*Front and back cover must be of white color*/ /* Please note that this report may eventually be viewed by any of the academic audiors OR members of the

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Accreditation Team visiting the institue. Hence, utmost care and precision are required in drafting it */ /* Students can refer standard journals of IEEE, ACM, Springer, etc. for their reference. They can even refer open source Request for Comments(RFC), White papers on recent development regarding the selected topic and join Work Group on respective topics for communication, */

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