? 1.

07

Basic Medical Terms and Abbreviations

11/07

Terminal Objective

Define medical terms and abbreviations

Enabling Objectives
1.07.01 Define selected terms associated with medical and dental terminology and abbreviations 1.07.02 Define component parts of medical words 1.07.03 Describe guidelines used to analyze and construct medical words

Enabling Objectives
1.07.04 Define selected medical and dental prefixes, roots, and suffixes 1.07.05 Construct medical words 1.07.06 Define selected medical and dental abbreviations. 1.07.07 Define selected medical and dental terms.

1.07.01

Define selected terms associated with medical and de terminology and abbreviatio

Terms
Root an element constituting the basis from which a word is derived Combining vowel connects roots to suffixes or other roots Prefix an affix, such as mis- in mistrust, put

1.07.02

Define component parts of medical words

Component Parts
ROOT : Gives the essential meaning of the term; it's the main part of the word. Example, cardi is the root that means heart.

Component Parts

PREFIX : a syllable or syllables placed before the root word to alter, modify or chang the meaning of a Example: Endo = within or inner Endo + cardi + ac = pertaining to the inner layer of the heart

Component Parts

SUFFIX : Added to the end of a word to alter, modify or change the meaning of the w Example: itis = inflammation Endo + card + itis = inflammation of the inner layer of the heart

Component Parts
COMBINING VOWEL : A vowel that follows (placed behind) the root that connects the root to suffixes and other roots

Component Parts
COMBINING FORM : Root + Combining Vowel Example: Cardi a root that = heart O is the combining vowel for cardi

Component Parts
If combined, these roots along with a combining vowel, form the word: Cardiovascular Cardi / o / vascul / ar = pertaining to the heart and blood vessels

Component Parts
Words can be formed without using a root: Example: a (prefix) = without, no, pnea (suffix) = breathing a + pnea = not breathing

1.07.03

Describe guidelines used to analyze and construct medical words

Begin with the suffix then read from the front of the word across Example: Endo / metr / itis Endo = inner or within metr = uterus itis inflammation Endometritis = inflammation of the

Analyzing/Constructing Medical Words

Drop the combining vowel before a suffix that begins with a vowel Example: Splen / o / megaly The Splen / ectomy There is no combining vowel between the root and the suffix becau

Analyzing/Constructing Medical Words

Keep the combining vowel between word roots, even if the root begins with vowel Example: Gastr / o / esophag / eal Gastroesophageal

Analyzing/Constructing Medical Words

1.07.04

Define selected medical and dental prefixes, roots, and suffixes

Prefixes
a, an without, not, lack of, absence of ab away from ad toward ante before, forward anti, ant against

Prefixes
bi two brady slow dys difficult, abnormal, bad, painful endo within, in, inner ec, ecto, ex, extra out, outside

Prefixes
epi upon, above hyper above, excessive hypo below, deficient in in, into inter between

Prefixes
intra within mal bad micro small para beside, near, along side peri

Prefixes
post after, behind pre before pro, pros forward, before sub below, under tachy fast uni one

That was just the prefixes!!!

Roots
cardi/o heart col/o, colon/o colon cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o skin enter/o intestines esophag/o -- esophagus

Roots
esthesi/o sensation gastr/o stomach glyc/o sugar hemat/o, hem/o blood hepat/o liver

Roots
lith/o stone lymph/o lymph men/o menstruation metr/o, metri/o uterus nas/o, rhin/o -- nose

Roots
oste/o bone ot/o ear pancreat/o pancreas septic/o, sept/o infection thromb/o clot

Roots
thyroid/o, thyr/o thyroid gland trache/o trachea, windpipe tympan/o eardrum ur/o urine, urinary tract vascul/o blood vessel ven/o vein

That was just the roots!!!

Suffixes
ac, al, ar, ary, eal, ic, ous pertaining to ation, ia, iasis, ism, osis, sis condition ectomy excision, resection, removal emia blood condition graph

Suffixes
gram record ism condition, process itis inflammation lith stone logy the study of

Suffixes
megaly enlargement meter to measure mortem death oma tumor, mass, swelling partum

Suffixes
pathy disease condition plasty surgical repair plegia paralysis pnea breathing ptysis spitting

Suffixes
rrhea flow, discharge scope instrument used for visual examination stomy opening tomy incision um structure uria urine condition

That was just the suffixes!!!

1.07.05

Construct medical words

Constructing Words

Complete the exercises provided in the handbook. Using the provided prefixes, roots, and suffixes, complete sentences: Prefixes Roots Suffixes

Constructing Words

Before surgery, patients are given medication that causes (absence of se The physician may order antibiotics for a patient with (a blood infection) In any situation where the patient is unable to breathe a/an ____________ tu may be inserted inside of the windpipe to maintain an open airway

Constructing Words

During the assessment of a gun shot victim, the paramedic notes that the p is spitting up blood or experiencing _____________ While obtaining the patient's respiratory rate, the nurse notes that t has a fast respiratory (breathing) rate or ______________

Constructing Words Prefixes Roots Suffixes

Constructing Words

A diabetic patient may experience (blood condition of excessive sugar) or (blood condition of low blood Anatomy of the skeletal system includes the ___________, which is a structure that surrounds bone

Constructing Words

When a person develops a urinary tract infection, he/she may experience painful urination or __________ Athletic females often experience __________, in which case the menstrual flow is absent.

Constructing Words

Prefixes Roots Suffixes

Constructing Words

When caring for a patient with colon cancer, you note that the patient has a opening of the colon or ___________ Enlargement of the liver is called ___________ and inflammation of the liver is called _____________

Constructing Words
Insulin is one medication that is given by injection. The medication is delivered to the layer of skin below the dermis or the ______________ layer If injured beyond repair, a surgeon would surgically remove the pancreas from the body or perform a ____________

1.07.06

Define selected medical abbreviations

Medical Abbreviations
_ a before BP -- blood pressure _ c with H2O water h, hr hour

Medical Abbreviations
MOOD, MOD -- Medical Officer of the Day NOOD, NOD -- Nurse of the Day O2 oxygen _ p after prn (PRN) -- as needed

Medical Abbreviations
_ s without SL -- serious list, sublingual stat immediately VSL -- very serious list

1.07.07

Define selected medical and dental terminology

Terms
Acute sudden onset, severe symptoms, short course Ambulatory - walking or able to walk Aspiration

Terms
Auscultation - the process of listening for sounds produced within the body Cardiology - study of the heart and its diseases Chronic - long and drawn out, frequently

Terms
Dermatology - study of the skin and its diseases; treatment of skin disorders Diagnosis - to identify a disease or injury from its signs and symptoms, complete knowledge of a patient's condition Diaphoresis

Terms
Disease

- any change from a state of health, specific illness or disorder characterize recognizable set of signs and symptom Etiology the study of all factors that may be

Terms
Gurney - a wheeled cot used in hospitals Gynecology - study of women and women's diseases Health - state of optimal physical, mental,

Terms
Hematology - the study of the blood and its diseases Medicine

- art and science of the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and the maintenance of health; drug or remed Nephrology

Terms
Neurology - study of the nervous system and its diseases Obstetrics

- branch of medicine that deals with pregnancy, labor, and the period of tim immediately following delivery Ophthalmology

Terms
Orthopedics

- branch of medicine which is especially concerned with the preservation and restoration of the fun skeletal system, its articulations, and associated structures Palpation - examination by touch

Terms
Pediatrics - medical practice devoted to the care of children Percussion

- technique of striking a part of the body with short, sharp taps of the fing to determine the size, density, and position of the underlying parts by the

Terms
Prognosis - forecast of the probable results of a disease based on the condition of the and the usual course of the disease Psychiatry

- branch of medicine that deals with the causes, treatment, and prevention mental, emotional, and behavioral diso

Terms
Surgery

- branch of medicine that treats disease by manual or operative metho Urology

- the study of the urinary systems in males and females and the reproducti tract in males

Summary ? 1.07

Basic Medical Terms and Abbreviations

Enabling Objectives
1.07.01 Define selected terms associated with medical and dental terminology and abbreviations 1.07.02 Define component parts of medical words 1.07.03 Describe guidelines used to analyze and construct medical words

Enabling Objectives
1.07.04 Define selected medical and dental prefixes, roots, and suffixes 1.07.05 Construct medical words 1.07.06 Define selected medical and dental abbreviations. 1.07.07 Define selected medical and dental terms.