Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
INTRODUCTION
A supermarket is a departmentalized self-service retail store offering a wide variety of food products, such as meat, produce, dairy, and so forth, along with various household merchandise. It is larger in size and has a wider selection than a traditional grocery store. Supermarkets are generally situated near residential areas for easy access and maximum sales. While supermarkets offer convenience and variety to consumers, they have attracted significant criticism.
As with so many advances, both technological and social, selfcentered greed on the part of those in authority causes problems. For the supermarket to be beneficial to society, those owning and managing the stores must take responsibility to serve the whole purpose, social and environmental.
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OVERVIEW
The supermarket typically comprises meat, produce, dairy, and baked goods departments along with shelf space reserved for canned and packaged goods. A variety of non-food items such as household cleaners, pharmacy products, and pet supplies are also available. Most supermarkets also sell a variety of other household products that are consumed regularly, such as alcohol (where permitted), household cleaning products, medicine, clothes, and some sell a much wider range of non-food products. The traditional supermarket occupies a large floor space on a single level and is situated near a residential area in order to be convenient to consumers. Its basic appeal is the availability of a broad selection of goods under a single roof at relatively low prices. Other advantages include ease of parking and, frequently, the convenience of shopping hours that extend far into the evening. Supermarkets usually make massive outlays for newspaper and other advertising and often present elaborate in-store displays of products. Supermarkets are often part of a chain that owns or controls (sometimes by franchise) other supermarkets located in the same or other towns this increases the opportunities for economies of scale. Most supermarkets are similar in design and layout due to trends in marketing. Produce tends to be near the entrance of the store. Milk, bread, and other essential items may be located in the rear or other out of the way places. This is purposely done to ensure maximum time spent in the store, strolling past other items and capitalizing on impulse buying. The front of the store is where one finds point of sale machines or cash registers.
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Larger supermarkets all over the world typically sell many different types of items, such as:
* Alcoholic products (where provincial/state and/or local laws allow) * Baby foods and products * Bakery * Books, newspapers, and magazines, including supermarket tabloids * Bread * Car care products * Confectionery * Cosmetics * Dairy products * Diet foods * Electrical items * Flowers * Frozen foods * Fruits and vegetables * Greeting cards * House cleaning products * Meat * Medicines and first aid items (mostly over-the-counter, some supermarkets have pharmacies) * Non-alcoholic beverages, such as refreshments and water * Personal hygiene and grooming products * Pet foods and products * Rice and Wheat * Seeds * Spices * Snacks Some countries expand their supermarkets to include products that are not related to food and necessary items, such as music CDs, movies, and clothing.
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Inventory control in the convenience store business is important because these businesses depend on the rapid turnover of the inventory items with a limited shelf life at relatively small margins. The convenience store must be able to satisfy the customers by being able to supply the desired merchandise when required and not have a large amount of capital tied up in the inventory items lying in the store. The items that are likely to be in demand must be ordered just in time and then sold prior to the expiry of their shelf life. In order to satisfy the customer and make a decent profit, CRM, inventory analysis and control as well as automated ordering systems are very much desirable in a convenience store. In this report, an attempt has been made to analyse convenience store inventory systems and to present the most appropriate solution for a variety of stores.
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From ready-to-eat meals to eco-friendly offerings, food retailers are finding more ways to distinguish themselves and win customers It's no surprise that in a recession consumers cut back spending. The first things to go are fancy luxuries, but after all the fat is trimmed people begin to cut necessities. Inevitably, they focus on their biggest expenses: housing, health, and food. So with little room to further cut prices or wow consumers with unique products, food retailers are seeking out new trends and technology that might differentiate them from competitors One way a grocer can impress consumers is to get out of the way. Smart shopping carts, mobile coupons, and selfcheckout lanes let consumers help themselves. They can pull up reviews on products, keep a running tab by scanning goods as they're placed in a cart, download coupons for them on cell phones, and pay without ever entering a line.
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The concept of Supermarkets is not new to Indian consumers. Actually, the British colonial government introduced the idea of Supermarkets to facilitate its officers with access of all household goods under one roof. Supermarkets in India houses varied shops selling different types of essential commodities along with luxury items. These Supermarkets are mainly concentrated in urban areas or semi-urban areas. Supermarkets operating in India typically has a heterogeneous mixture of large and small individual retailers. Most of these Supermarkets sell branded products of both, domestic and international manufacturers. Supermarkets of India offer products with different price bands for each and every sections of urban society.
HyperCITY
India's largest hypermarket, located in Malad, Mumbai; part of the K. Raheja Group; product range includes foods, homeware, home entertainment, hi-tech, appliances, furniture, sports, toys & clothing
Supermarkets
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Apna Bazaar
Chain of supermarkets with 400 outlets in the districts of Telangana, Secunderabad, Hyderabad, Kurnool, Krishna, Guntur and Prakasam in Andhra Pradesh; started by the initiative of a non-profit and charitable trust CARS headquartered in Hyderabad Supermarkets
Spencers
Largest supermarket chain in India; part of RPG Enterprises; has 125 stores spread across 25 cities; product profile covers groceries & staples, home care & personal care products, garments, jewellery etc Supermarkets Retail Chains
Style Plus
Shop located at Keston road in Thiruvananthapuram; offers sports, travel and fashion accessories, apparels, electronics, gifts and music, home dcor, toy and baby products, stationery, books, magazines, cameras & optics etc Supermarkets
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India opens western-style supermarkets. India's national capital region will enter the modern retailing era today, with the opening of the first recognisably western-style supermarkets in this sprawling conurbation of 15m people. At a preview of one of three stores that will open in Noida, a satellite city of Delhi, prices of key vegetables were about half those of other grocers in the capital, a big draw in such a cost-sensitive market. Reliance Industries plans to open 100 Reliance Fresh stores in the capital by April as part of a proposed $5-$7bn (2.5-3.6bn) investment in a "farm-to-fork" supply chain that will force radical change on one of the largest and most inefficient sectors of the Indian economy. In the latest phase of its breakneck roll-out of supermarkets ahead of the arrival of foreign-backed retail rivals, Reliance will today open nine pilot supermarkets in Noida, Gurgaon, Faridabad and Ghaziabad, four booming suburbs. It opened its first store in Hyderabad last September and now has 46 in operation. With an average of 5.5 stores per 1,000 people, India has the highest retail outlet density in the world. But almost all of the 12m "mom and pop" stores that account for 98 per cent of the $300bn industry's sales lack access to capital and technology. The pace of the planned store roll-out is unprecedented, with Reliance aiming to "carpet" 100m sq ft and achieve $25bn in sales by 2010, according to Raghu Pillai, president and chief executive of Reliance Retail. Wal-Mart Stores late last year announced a joint venture with Bharti Enterprises that will see it enter the Indian market as a wholesaler. Foreign supermarket retailers are barred from India under the country's foreign direct investment rules.
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Conscious of the political backlash it will face if it is seen to be putting small shopkeepers to the wall, Reliance yesterday said its business would be "inclusive" and that it would allow existing "mom and pop" stores to buy from it at wholesale prices. Promising to create 500,000 jobs in three years, Mr Pillai said the industry's rapid growth would leave room for modern retailers to co-exist with family-run operations. Reliance plans to open stores in 784 cities and towns and 6,000 smaller towns. At the Noida store, onions were on sale for Rs13 (15p) per kilo and garlic for Rs81 per kilo, compared with Rs24 and Rs150 respectively at Allied Fruit, a family-run store in Khan Market, a shopping area in south Delhi popular with expatriates and wealthy Indians. "These are fabulous prices," said Jai Bendre, Reliance Retail's foods marketing head. Reliance is also breaking new ground by pricing many products to the second decimal place, a selling-point for customers whose average shopping basket costs just Rs150. A pot of Chulbuli Imli, a confection made out of tamarind, for example, was priced at Rs23.52. The emergence of potentially deflationary forces in the retail sector will be welcomed by the Reserve Bank of India at a time when inflation has broken out of the central bank's comfort range, crossing 6 per cent. With money supply and bank credit growth of 20.4 per cent and 30.2 per cent (ahead of targets of 15.5 per cent and 20 per cent), economists expect the RBI to lift the repo and reverse repo rates 25 basis points to 7.5 per cent and 6.25 per cent tomorrow
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ARTICLE :
image An unheard of crowd at the new Moshims Discount House Supermarket in Mt Roskill, Auckland on June 20, 2009
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Moshims Discount House created history last week when it opened the largest Indian Supermarket in New Zealand. Moshims Discount House created history last week when it opened the largest Indian Supermarket in New Zealand. The new retail outlet, located on Stoddard Road in Mt Roskill is the first in a series of expansion and refurbishment programmes of the burgeoning enterprise. More than 10,000 visited the new supermarket on the opening day on June 20 and the following three days to behold a huge variety of groceries, beverages, fruits and vegetables and other items of daily use at home. Moshims Plaza where the supermarket is located, also accounts for a restaurant and takeaway, a butcher shop, a tailor and alteration shop and retail outlets for Indian sweets, ice cream and pizza. The complex will also have a $2 Shop that has become ubiquitous and popular throughout New Zealand. The 2000 sq m complex has abundant space for customer car parking, a pre requisite for retailing. Moshims Discount House managing director Mohammed Hashim Khan said public support has been overwhelming. While Moshims has always shared loyalty with a growing number of customers, the support and encouragement experienced during the opening days of the new facility demonstrated our mutually rewarding relationship, he said. The new supermarket stocks and sells a wide range of items that were hitherto not available at the branded retail outlets.
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CASE STUDY
INTRODUCTION
Apna Bazar is probably the oldest and largest consumer co-operative multistate society with a customer base of over 12 lakhs. The Rs 140-crore retail chain that, for over 55 years remained largely middle-class has 80 outlets in Mumbai, Thane and the neighbouring Konkan region. It has recently opened its first shop outside the Maharashtra state, in Goa. Apna Bazaar has developed a strong brand image in the mind of the consumers. It enjoys strong consumer loyalty. There are just 4%-5% consumers who shift over to other retail stores. Brand name: Mumbai Kamgar Madhyavarti Grahak Sahakari Mandal Ltd Date of Incorporation:9th May 1948 Constitution: Multi State Co-operative Society Sector: Private Industry: Retailing Registered Office: 106-A, Govingi Keni Road, Naigaon, Dadar [East], Mumbai 400014
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HISTORY
In 1948 it started with The Naigaon Grahak Sahakari Mandal Limited, which became Mumbai Kamgar in 1958-59 after other consumer co. op. societies merged into it. In 1962-63 the organization became Madhyawarti Grahak Sahakari Mandal. In 1968, the organization started the nations first departmental store on the mill worker dominated areas like Naigaon, under the name of APNA BAZAR. In a short time the brand APNABAZAR grew popular all over Mumbai and has never looked back since. After successfully establishing a wide network of branches all over Mumbai, new branches were opened along the Konkan stretch following demand. Further franchisees were encouraged, giving livelihood opportunity to many entrepreneurs
PURPOSE OF ESTABLISHMENT
There was an industrial lock out as a result of which many textile workers became unemployed. In order to help these workers and to provide them with employment, the Mumbai Kamgar Madhawarti Grahak Sahakari Sanstha Limited came into existence. They started a co-operative under the brand name Apna Bazaar
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In 1948 it started with The Naigaon Grahak Sahakari Mandal Limited, which became Mumbai Kamgar in 1958-59 after other consumer co. op. societies merged into it. In 1962-63 the organization became Madhyawarti Grahak Sahakari Mandal. In 1968, the organization started the nations first departmental store on the mill worker dominated areas like Naigaon, under the name of APNA BAZAR. In a short time the brand APNABAZAR grew popular all over Mumbai and has never looked back since. After successfully establishing a wide network of branches all over Mumbai, new branches were opened along the Konkan stretch following demand. Further franchisees were encouraged, giving livelihood opportunity to many entrepreneurs. . There was an industrial lock out as a result of which many textile workers became unemployed. In order to help these workers and to provide them with employment, the Mumbai Kamgar Madhawarti Grahak Sahakari Sanstha Limited came into existence. They started a co-operative under the brand name Apna Bazaar Think of a mixture of old and new, traditional and modern, past glory and present bright times, think APNA BAZAAR, its the right place and the right getaway for all your shopping needs. Its a place where you feel at home, a home away from home. A place where you can scent quality, variety, security and an aura of assured feel-good factor in terms of affordable and reasonable rates.
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Location
All their outlets are located in prime locations which are home to people of varying backgrounds, income-range and purchasing power. They go by certain points before setting up of Apna Bazaar outlet in that area/locality. They are: Density of population Easy Address Access to four corners of that particular locality Parking Space Real Estate Neighbourhood Outlets a study Income Group a study Double Roads their impact Frontage All of the above points are worked out to the nicety to provide the maximum benefit to the consumers.
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Quality
They adhere to the best quality standards, that is, our products are AGMARK accredited. The same has been possible due to the long process commencing from identification, selection, cleaning, purification, packaging and storage. The whole work process tackled from the following angles - adulteration, mixing and imitation. The other notable factor is that they ensure the weighment and quantity of the products before they are dispatched for sale (before packing and after packing) in the warehouse
Home Delivery
They have introduced for the benefit of our consumers the concept of Home Delivery, the same has been utilised well by people who are busy and have little time to spare for shopping. The same is worked out by dialling our helpline at no extra cost.
Ambience
To put their customers in the proper frame of mind and instill the dose of shopping spirit, their outlets are done up in the most modern, tas teful and well-decorated manner. The blue hoardings at their outlet's entrance signify a positive spirit and approach serenity, calmness and above all that feel at home theme. In addition to this, They are further guided by the themes of Shop-at-Ease in Peace or Shopping Peacefully.
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wherein, their customers can deposit their suggestions and complaints pertaining to any product or service. Consumer Grievance Cell: Problems faced by the customers in their day-to-day life relating to products and services used by them and the complaints against defects in them are lodged in cell. The same are maintained carefully and resolved through consumer courts. ConvenienceJoints: They are initiating the introduction of Bill Payment service through which their customers can pay their telephone, water, electricity bills and bookings for cooking gas, travel, etc. Supplier focus towards achieving world class supply chain efficiency. They are very much focused and believe in the theme, Together let us redefine the view of business in the minds of consumers.
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They encourage
Quality Products More Discounts / Margins Your participation in various welfare activities conducted by CARS (Trust) The other noted point is that they have a solid and established base all over the state which is a major plus to the suppliers, manufacturers and farmers. The same comes about in the form of no investment required on advertising and publicity and instead they can avail the facility of outlets all over the state, reaching so many consumers is a task possible only through Apna Bazaar. The Producer/Manufacturer also need not invest any money on advertising since Apna Bazaar will ensure the sale of his product. More than 20 lakhs consumers all over the state are being introduced to new products, through Apna Bazaar. The most difficult problem faced by most well-known brands today is 'imitation'. Imitation is so close to the real product that it is difficult for the consumer to distinguish between the real product and the imitation. As a result, the manufacturers of the quality products and the buyers of the imitation products are the ultimate losers. Manufacturers can also avoid the hurdle of imitations, by selling their products through the totally centralised and transparent functioning of the Apna Bazaar. The members of the Apna Bazaar are also members of the local Consumer Association, so they will have a good idea of the quality of the products. In this way, the sales of pure and quality products will increase by leaps and bounds.
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Clearing of Stocks
Unclean and unfinished grocery products that are brought from the production places are cleaned and purified thoroughly with the help of both machines and people
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Packing They possess the most modern packing procedure that takes care of packaging of Liquids, Semi-solids, Powders and Solids.
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The products rate sold at our outlets at a rate which adds a minimal 7% to the manufacturing price, the Coordinator will receive 5% of his total turnover as Service Charge and the remaining 2% is used for transpiration, cleaning, packing and other incidental expenses. Depending on the size of the APNA BAZAAR, the number of members and the quantity of sales at the Centre, each coordinator will on average earn about RS 10,000/- to RS 50,000/- as service charge alone. If the Coordinator, while extending full service to the consumer and in complete keeping with the terms and conditions and rules and regulations of APNA BAZAAR, manages to increase the turnover he will then be eligible for an extra income. The food items and products will be cleaned, packed and the rates fixed before them are sent to the coordinator. Hence the coordinator can conveniently and directly supply the goods to the consumer. The food grains, products and other items obtained from the sources of production are tested for quality in the laboratories, before they are packed. The items are cleared, packaged and then sent to the APNA BAZAAR outlets The promotional and publicity requirements, the pamphlets, wall posters, banners, Audio, Video materials, applications and membership forms. Passbooks and Bill books will also be supplied to the Coordinator by the CARS Trust. Depending on the occasion and necessity, Radio and T.V. announcements and advertisements will also be released. The Coordinator will be given special training by the CARS Trust. Within the parameters of the CARS Trust rules, the Coordinator can transfer the Coordinatorship or terminate it.
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The consumer who avails the services and benefits of APNA BAZAAR will have to pay a nominal membership fee of RS 10/- per Family per annum and obtain Membership. The Membership and preference will be given on First Come First Serve Basis. According to the size of the APNA BAZAAR, the number of members in each may range from 1,000 to 4,000 members. The membership fee collected from the consumer will be deposited for Consumer Welfare activities and will be utilised to extend widespread services, improvements, progress and development of the CARS Trust. Further, due to the reduced prices in APNA BAZAAR, the market price will also be brought under control, increasing the purchasing power of the customer and acknowledging his importance in the socio-economic structure. Only items supplied by the CARS Trust will be available at the APNA BAZAAR, so the consumer can confidently be assured of the quality and purchase without the fear of adulteration. Since the food grains are pre-cleaned, it is time-saving and very convenient and ready for use for the Consumer. The Consumer can purchase daily essential items at rates which are 3% to 30% less than the market rate. More than 1,000 varieties of consumer items including dals, stationery and so on are available at APNA BAZAAR. In future Fertilisers, Pesticides, Seeds, Electric, Electronic and various types of Home appliances will also be available and supplied by APNA BAZAAR. Every member will be issued an identity card along with the pass book. The details of the bills on every purchase made by the consumer will be entered in the pass book.membership fee collected from the consumer will be deposited for Consumer Welfare activities and will be utilised to extend widespread services, improvements, progress and development of the CARS Trust. Further, due to the reduced prices in APNA BAZAAR, the market price will also be brought under control, increasing the purchasing power of the customer and acknowledging his importance in the socio-economic structure.
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Only items supplied by the CARS Trust will be available at the APNA BAZAAR, so the consumer can confidently be assured of the quality and purchase without the fear of adulteration. Since the food grains are pre-cleaned, it is time-saving and very convenient and ready for use for the Consumer. The Consumer can purchase daily essential items at rates which are 3% to 30% less than the market rate. More than 1,000 varieties of consumer items including dals, stationery and so on are available at APNA BAZAAR. In future Fertilisers, Pesticides, Seeds, Electric, Electronic and various types of Home appliances will also be available and supplied by APNA BAZAAR. Every member will be issued an identity card along with the pass book. The details of the bills on every purchase made by the consumer will be entered in the pass book. Committee appointed by the CARS Trust which also supervises the local consumer association. Thus the consumers can purchase any item with total trust and confidence. There is no connection between the Consumer Association and the Transaction of Apna Bazaar. These consumer associations will only supervise and ensure that the Apna Bazaar is functioning to the advantage and satisfaction of the consumer. The welfare and true progress of the Association of Consumers is possible only through Apna Bazaar
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Commitment They are committed to aid the consumer and the same is reflected in the following points To educate the consumer Responsibility as a peoples organization
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Services: Pharmacy, Pathological services, diagnosis of disease by medical net, Suggesting the medicines, information about hospitals needed to the patient, Ambulance services, Health insurance, health card, Blood bank , Doctors information and services. Legal Services: Providing necessary advisors and advocates to solve the issues like Civil cases, Consumer cases, and Insurance disputes. Security services: Guidance and services. Placement Services: Guidance and services. Educational Advises (Primary to foreign education): guidance and services. Servant maid: Supply of Technicians, Labor, cooks, Plumbers, Electricians, Fiters, TV repairers, Computer repairers, Vehicle mechanics, Friz & Air Conditioning mechanics, Drivers, Hospitality management persons, Painters, etc Utility Services: Provision of paying electric bills, Telephone bills, Munucipal taxes, Water bills etc like e-seva. Mobile recharging: Giving connections and bill payments for the services like Tata Sky, Dish TV, Sun Network, Cable TV, and Internet etc . Courier Services Parcel Services Packers & Movers Sales of Application forms of All jobs. . Credit card, Health card, Discount card, and Debit card Services. Books, Magazines: Fertilizers, Seeds, Pest killers, warehouse facilities for formers, and making convenience of getting the machines and tools for rent and giving them for rent, Marketing and loan facility. Second hand vehicles sales purchases, and loan facility. Arrangements of Audio & Video cassettes and Video games. Supplying to consumers Electrical, Electronics, Consumer durables, Furniture, Hallmark gold & Jewelry, Costly garments, Watches, computers & Laptops etc as early as possible by showing the dummies, brochures and video cassettes. Mineral water, Bulk supply, Water purification of water tanks wells etc and supply of Bore well equipments, Soil testing, Motors etc Co-operation in purchasing of new vehicles. Services mentioned above are provided to the consumers few in minutes, few in hours, and few in days
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PRODUCTS
The CARS (trust which runs Apna Bazaar) has a well spread out and maintained complex beside the Hyderabad-Nagarjuna Sagar Road. The complex is located on an area, which spans 2 acres of prime land, which measures 40,000 sqft. The trust has a fleet of 15 heavy container transport vehicles, which distributes the essential daily items to the various Apna Bazaar outlets in different parts of the city. Apna Bazaar outlets as on now have 400 outlets in all the 10 districts of Telangana, Secunderabad, Hyderabad, Kurnool, Krishna, Guntur and Prakasam districts. Well-manned and trained staff mans each and every outlet, the chain has provided direct employment to more than 400 people and indirect employment to many more. With its philosophy based on the saying The Consumer is the King, it has earned rave reviews from the general public and various international organizations. They deal in more than 5,698 different products. All their products are labtested and well certified to attach the quality tag to it.
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CONCLUSION
The achievement of Apana Bazar has been possible because of the dedication and devotion of active participating members and visionary leadership, sincere, ungrudging work of the employees and love and goodwill of millions of inhabitants & Maharashtra of Mumbai. The management of Apana Bazar is greatful to all the customer. They are a consumers service and peoples organization and dedicated to ensure justice to the consumers providing them the real value to their money. Their mission is - Strive towards building a society where consumer satisfaction is REAL. Increasing the distribution reach is a strategy to counter competition the co-operative plans to increase its outlets from 80 at present to about 100 by next year. This would comprise department stores, super markets, franchisee outlets and medical stores, both in Maharashtra as well as rest of the country. Because of loyal customer, and adoption of new techniques and strategies Apana Bazar have glorious future.
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Hypercity
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Introduction
Hypercity Retail (India) ltd., as the name suggests operates hypermarkets in India. All the necessary items as well luxuries can be obtained under one roof with a lot of variety. Thus, Hypercity is a departmental store on a large scale (Hypermarket). The Company was founded in the year 2005 and is based in Mumbai, India. As of June 30, 2010 Hypercity is a subsidiary of Shoppers Stop Limited. Though Hypercity will continue to run as an independent business, its numbers will be reflected in the consolidated balance sheet of Shoppers Stop.
Stores
Currently, Hypercity has eight stores across India: Malad, Thane,Vashi, Jaipur, Amritsar,Hyderabad, Bangalore and the most recent one at Bhopal(October2010). Mumbai, Jaipur,Amritsar and Bangalore are the main Distribution Centres of Hypercity.Geographically, Hypercity has a distribution centre in each part of India thus making it easier for transportation of goods. All the goods, when purchased, first come to one of the main Distribution Centre and later on are sent to the nearby located store. Each of the eight stores have a godown where the stock is stored. Usually, stock comes in daily to these stores. Plans are being made to open seven more stores across India i.e. one in Ludhiana and three each in Pune and Hyderabad by the end of 2011.
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FOOD & GROCERY HOME HI-TECH HOME ENTERTAINMENT APPLIANCES FASHION TOYS SPORTS FURNITURE
Thus it offers meat, seafood,breads, cereals, spices, flour,pulses, dry fruits, tea, coffee,juices, jams, cakes andpatisseries, flowers, fruits andvegetables, and gourmet meals;utensils, cutlery, bake ware,crockery, glassware, pots'n'pans,implements, bed linen, towels,cushions, table linen, pillows,duvets, and quilts; and clothing,footwear, sunglasses, watches,hair accessories, bags, andjewelry. The companys stores alsoprovide microwaves, cook-tops,and mixer-grinders; furniture and toys; and bicycles and sports gear for cricket, football, basketball, volleyball, boxing, and baseball. In addition, it offers gift vouchers for the corporate gifting; and car wash facilities.
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Conclusion
The study can be concluded by saying that Hypercity A Departmental Store does not follow the Departmental Method of Final Accounts. The allocation of expenses does not take place and all the common expenses are generalized.The company follows the normal method of preparation of final accounts.
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Advantages
Supermarkets are a staple of consumerist society. They bring mass quantities of food to as many people as possible. Markets have been around for centuries, but a supermarket, which imports food and has a constantly refilled supply of produce, is a unique change in human eating habits. No longer are families dependent upon which foods are in season, how good or bad the agriculture was that year, or finding their own food; it is all at one convenient location. Supermarkets are set up with colorful advertisements, large carts in order to transport large amounts of food with ease, and cashiers with selfservice checkouts at the front of the stores. Often, supermarkets will run coupon and sales specials for customers. Many coupons and discounts are also available online to print out and bring to the supermarket. Supermarkets are a convenience for consumers due to their ease of navigation, their business hours, and numerous locations. Many supermarkets have made their stock available on the internet. Customers can select what they want on their computer, and it will be ready for them by the time they arrive at the supermarket. Some supermarkets even use this method for a delivery service, delivering the chosen groceries to the customer's doorstep. This is seen by some as the future of supermarket shopping, browsing digital produce in digital aisles without leaving the home.
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Supermarkets are criticized for being not being environmentally supportive. Many supermarkets have initiated new environmental protection policies and switched to organic options for food choices, but some of these changes are deceptive. The new environmental policies are hand in hand with the same problems that supermarkets have always had. Changes are a step in the right direction, but the supermarkets still create pollution. The organic foods that many markets provide are not from independent farms, as many supermarkets would have customers believe, but rather come from farms owned by transnational corporations. Many supermarkets have started stealing methods of organic farming to sell their produce, while shutting out organic farmers from doing business with them in order to maximize profit. It is suggested that supermarkets create a skewed perspective on the development and production of food. Surveys have shown that people are less informed on where their produce comes from, and are unable to identify how certain foods are made, including such obvious staples as milk and potato chips. Supermarkets import out of season fruits and vegetables, which ensure a constant supply while forcing laborers to work in stifling conditions for low wages, raising humanitarian and labor issues.
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