UNIVERSITY OF ILINA

Faculty of Electrical Engineering

IMAGE PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS

A Practical Approach Text Book

Libor Harga, Miroslav Hrianka, Duan Koniar

ILINA

2008

UNIVERSITY OF ILINA - FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

English version of the textbook for study program Biomedical Engineering

IMAGE PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS

A Practical Approach Text Book
Libor Harga, Miroslav Hrianka, Duan Koniar

By Slovak source of the Technical Handbook:

SPRACOVANIE A ANALZA OBRAZU
Praktick aplikcie tudijn texty
Libor Harga, Miroslav Hrianka, Duan Koniar

Issued with support of European Social Foundation, project SOP Z 2005/NP1-007

Vydan s podporou Eurpskeho socilneho fondu, projekt SOP Z 2005/NP1-007
Issued by University of ilina, ilina 2008
Vydala ilinsk univerzita v iline, ilina 2008
(170 pp., 15,10 AA)
____________________________________________________________________
Libor Harga, Miroslav Hrianka, Duan Koniar 2008
Translation from Slovak: Libor Harga, Miroslav Hrianka, Duan Koniar
ISBN 978-80-8070-962-4

Preface
This study book presents a unique approach to the practice of
computer imaging, which blends the techniques of computer vision and
image processing. The book will be of interest who wants to learn the
study course Image processing and analysis. This Practical Approach
Text Book provides information from theoretical and practical points of
view.
Image processing and image analysis deals with the processing of
image data for use by computer. The classification of human body parts in
medical images made by RTG, CT, MRI, and ultrasound are examples of
computer vision applications. Image processing involves the manipulation
of image data for viewing and assessment of image quality (or diagnosis)
by people.
In recent time a few books have been written primarily theoretical in
nature. Authors this study book felt that there was a need for an
application oriented study book. This presented study book fills that
technical gap.
This book is intended for use by working mainly academic
community bachelors, graduate students and postgraduate students,
although for research and development workers in medical environment.

Acknowledgements
We thank University of ilina, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, study
program Biomedical Engineering, for support in hardware and software
equipments, and advancement of this endeavor.
Thank belongs to the students of study program Biomedical
Engineering - Michal Abk, Jn Perain, Ladislav Valkovi who have taken
part in edition of some images and provided valuable feedback regarding
of the topics in the practical exercises.
Finally, we thank our fellow-workers, our relatives for all their
contributions; without them this study book would not have been possible.

Libor Harga

Miroslav Hrianka

Duan Koniar

CONTENTS
Chapter 1: The Visible Human...................................................... 1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5

Introduction ........................................................................
Visible Human Male ..............................................................
Visible Human Female ...........................................................
Getting Started with Visible Human.........................................
Selecting Images Overview ....................................................

1
2
2
3
4

1.6 The Visible Human Navigator Window......................................

1.6.1 Image Modality Panel ......................................................
1.6.2 Orientation Panel ............................................................
1.6.3 Resolution Panel .............................................................

5
6
7
7

1.7 The Navigator ...................................................................... 8

1.7.1 Bookmarks Menu ...........................................................13
1.7.2 Preferences Menu ..........................................................17
1.7.3 Help Menu ....................................................................18
1.8

Visible Human - Navigator Window ........................................19

1.9 The Visible Human Image .....................................................20

1.9.1 Image Menus ................................................................21
1.9.2 View Menu ....................................................................30
1.9.3 Annotations Menu ..........................................................32
1.9.4 Labels Menu ..................................................................41
1.10 The Visible Human Animation ................................................42
1.11 The Visible Human Image Reference ......................................44
Chapter 2: ImageJ ......................................................................45
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9

Introduction .......................................................................45
Image opening, saving, converting and scaling ........................46
Color models, image histogram .............................................50
Basic arithmetical and logical operations, image calculator ........54
Basic geometrical transformations, menu Edit .........................63
Lookup table transformations, thresholding .............................68
Spatial filtering, convolution, edge detection ...........................77
Image segmentation and quantization, binary morphology ........83
Filtering, frequency analysis, noise restoration.........................89

Chapter 3: Application of Image Analysis ....................................97

3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14

Perfusion Diagnostic by Image Analysis ..................................97

DICOM Standard and Virtual Instrumentation ........................ 102
Trajectory and Frequency Analysis of Respiration Epithelium . 107
Quality Assessment SMT by Virtual Instrumentation ............... 114
Application of LabVIEW in Videosequence Processing ............. 120
3D Reconstruction of NMR Images ....................................... 124
Application of Communication Systems in Biomed Engineering 129
Quality Assessment of SMT by 3D Virtual Model .................... 136
Quality Transmission of Additional Image by 2D Image Basis... 141
Application of Program Vision Assistant in Quality Ass. of PCB. 146
Segmentation of ultrasound gastro-end. images by LabVIEW... 150
New Method of LCD Display Viewing Angle Designation .......... 155
Image compression based at DCT and wavelet transforms ...... 160
Comparing image compression methods by fidelity criteria ..... 166

Authors:
Ing. Libor Harga,

doc. Ing. Miroslav Hrianka, PhD.,

http://fel.uniza.sk/kme

Reviewers:
doc. Ing. Peter Kulla, PhD., Ing. udovt Miku, PhD.

Ing. Duan Koniar