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Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, 30

th
31
st
May 2006
Use of Virtual Tools for Accident
Reconstruction
Gonal Tejera, Applus+IDIADA
Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
CONTENTS
Accident reconstruction
Virtual tools
Application within CHILD
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Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Accident reconstruction
Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Accident reconstruction
Accident investigation forms the basis for the current
test procedures for vehicle safety development
ROAD
Homologation
LABORATORY
Vehicle
Performance
Test
Procedures
Accident
Research
A number of factors make it necessary to periodically
review vehicle performance and to provide the
appropriate feedback
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Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Accident Reconstruction
Capabilities
Accident reconstruction can give answers to:
Pre-impact sequences
Impact conditions and effects
Post-impact dynamics
Injury causes
Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Accident Reconstruction
Requirements
To give correct answers accident
reconstruction needs specific data from:
Scenario: measures, marks, climatology
Vehicles: characteristics, deformations,
structural work, restraint systems,
contacts
Occupants: injuries, personal data
(weight, height, age), state and
behaviour before the accident
Virtual tools can help
study the influence
of these parameters
in the kinematics
and the dynamics of
vehicles and
occupants during the
accident sequences
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Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Virtual tools
Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Virtual tools
Many accident reconstruction programs
available, but not all of them work at the same
depth
Some are animators, others simple calculation
sheets. There are also full packages, with
vehicle data, sequence simulators, impact
calculators and animation tools
Examples:
animators: 3DSTUDIO
sheets: REC-TEC, Reconstructor 98
full packages: HVE, EDCRASH, PC-CRASH
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Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Virtual tools
Animation programs are used to create movies of
the accident sequence. They have no
mathematical model base thus kinetic values are
given and not calculated neither validated
Calculation sheets can provide speed estimations
during pre-collision and post-collision phases.
They do not take into account specific parameters
of the vehicles and results are always
approximated
Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Virtual tools
Complete packages, such as PC-CRASH or HVE,
use:
Mathematical algorithms for collisions
Differential equations for movements
Separate pre and post-collision sequences
definition
Deformations defined by mathematical
models
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Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Virtual tools
PC-CRASH is generally accepted by the experts in
accident research to be one of the most complete
software available nowadays
Vehicles database
with specific
dynamic parameters
Trajectory
definition, with
profile and
friction
Multiple sequences
for pre and post-
collision phases
Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Virtual tools
PC-CRASH models
z
y
x
x'
y'
z'
x y
z
0
1
2
3
Coordinates system and
dynamic model
1
2
t n
T
N
S
-S
n1
t1 n2
t2
P
Kudlich-Slibar classical
3D collision model and
sliding impact model
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Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Virtual tools
Validation. Occupant movement
Vergleich PC-Crash Madymo / UDS Madymo / Realcrash
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
0 0,02 0,04 0,06 0,08 0,1 0,12 0,14 0,16 0,18 0,2 0,22 0,24 0,26 0,28 0,3 0,32 0,34 0,36 0,38 0,4
uds head res [m/s]
pcc head res [m/s]
kopf (dsd)
uds_ax [m/s]
PC-CRASH MADYMO
UDS MADYMO
Accident
Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Virtual tools
Output
PC-CRASH is able to provide:
Pre-impact sequences
Good estimates for EES and v
Post-impact dynamics
Occupant kinematics (linked to MADYMO)
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Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Application within CHILD
Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Application within CHILD
Events description: The Daewo Matiz (in red) goes into the opposite lane and
after an soft sliding contact against a Fiat Punto (in green), it impacts against
a Toyota Corolla Verso (in blue) which tried to avoid the impact by a left
steering manoeuvre.
Accident date: 20.06.2004 Investigator: VSB
Accident Reference n: CCN 1164 Origin: IDIADA
1st collision: sliding impact
2nd collision: front-to-lateral impact
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Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
M.AIS
1
2
4
Occupants
Restraint
Seatbelt
Seatbelt
FWD CRS G1
Age
39
38
3
Sex
M
F
M
Mass: 851 kg Max. deformation: 350 mm DeltaV: 44 km/h
FRONTAL IMPACT DAEWOO MATIZ
1
2
3
4
5
Year Model: 2003 CDC: 12FDAW5 EES: 67 km/h
Vehicle n 1
M.AIS
1
1
Occupants
Restraint
Seatbelt
Seatbelt
Age
35
35
Sex
M
F
Mass: 1420 kg Max. deformation: 130 mm DeltaV: 25 km/h
LATERAL IMPACT TOYOTA COROLLA VERSO
1
2
3
4
5
Year Model: 2003 CDC: 01RYES2 EES: 32 km/h
Vehicle n 2






X
X
9




Application within CHILD
Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Application within CHILD
Daewoo Matiz Fiat Punto
Side-to-side impact
Sliding collision
3D collision
Small v and EES:
Post-impact speed
and direction of both
vehicles nearly not
modified
First collision
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Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Application within CHILD
Daewoo Matiz Toyota
Corolla
Front-to-lateral collision
Full impact
3D collision
Significant v and EES:
Post-impact speed
and direction of both
vehicles changed
Second collision
Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Application within CHILD
Animation Overview of the accident
2nd collision: case collision
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Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Application within CHILD
1st collision
2nd collision
View from Corolla
View from Matiz
Animation
Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Physical reconstruction: proposed configuration
Application within CHILD
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Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Application within CHILD
Physical reconstruction: other possibilities
Option 2 Option 3
Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Application within CHILD
Physical reconstruction
Option 2
Option 2: chosen option
PC-CRASH can also help
define the parameters for the
physical reconstruction in
order to achieve a
representative laboratory
crash
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Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Application within CHILD
Physical reconstruction validation
Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Application within CHILD
Physical reconstruction validation
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Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Application within CHILD
Physical reconstruction validation
Use of Virtual Tools for Accident Reconstruction
Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, May 2006
Conclusions
Accident reconstruction has become a more
accurate discipline with the generalised utilisation
of virtual tools
Full packages provide the widest capabilities for
accident reconstruction
Within CHILD, PC-CRASH was a very helpful tool
to double-check the test configuration proposed by
the experts
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Child Dissemination Workshop, TUB, 30
th
31
st
May 2006
Thank you very much for your attention!
Gonal Tejera, Applus+IDIADA
gtejera@idiada.com
+34 977 166 021