The Lawon PublicOfficers 1st Term,AY 20122013 Prof. AntonioP. Jamon,Jr.

References: Constitution 1987 Administrative Code De Leon & De Leon Jr., Law on Public Officers and Election, Fifth Edition, 2008 Gonzales, Neptali, A., Administrative Law, Law on Public Officers and Election Law, Third Edition, 1972 Agpalo, Ruben, Administrative Law, Law on Public Officers and Election Law (2005)

I. Introduction Conceptsand Principles A. PublicOfficeandPublicOfficers 1. Definitions 2. Purpose & Nature Public office as a public trust Constitution, Art XI Public office, not property Public office, not a contract Security of tenure in public office as property for purposes of due process Case: National Land Titles & Deeds Registration Administration v. Civil Service Commission, 221 SCRA 145 3. Elements 4. Creation of Public Office 5. Kinds/Classifications Cases: Maniego v. People, 88 Phil. 494 (1951) Segovia v. Noel, 47 Phil. 543 (1925) Dario v. Mison, 176 SCRA 84 (1989) Mathay v. Court of Appeals, 320 SCRA 703 (1999) 6. De Facto Officers 1

Cases: Malaluan v. COMELEC, 254 SCRA 397 (1996) Torres v. Ribo, 81 Phil. 44 (1948) Tuanda v. Sandiganbayan, 249 SCRA 342 (1995) Menzon v. Petilla, 197 SCRA 251 (1991)

II. Commencementof Official Relations A. Eligibility& Qualifications 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Definitions Nature of right to hold public office Power of Congress to prescribe qualifications Restrictions and construction General and particular qualifications Constitution Administrative Code RA 9225 Cases: Frivaldo v. COMELEC, 275 SCRA 727 (1996) Mercado v. Manzano, 307 SCRA 630 (1999) Rodriguez v. COMELEC, 259 SCRA 296 (1996) B. Disqualifications 1. General disqualifications 2. Specific disqualifications Cases: Civil Liberties Union v. Executive Secretary, 194 SCRA 317 (1991) Lecaroz v. Sandiganbayan, 305 SCRA 396 (1999) Flores v. Drilon, 223 SCRA 568 (1993) Abeto v. Garceza, 251 SCRA 539 (1995) Rabe v. Flores, 272 SCRA 415 (1997) Civil Service Commission v. Dacoycoy, 306 SCRA 425 C. Acquisitionof right or title to office 1. Appointment Cases: PLM v. IAC, 140 SCRA 22 (1985) Luego v. Civil Service Commission, 143 SCRA 327 (1986) Regis v. Osmea, 197 SCRA 308 (1991) 2

Gloria v. De Guzman, 249 SCRA 281 (1995) Erasmo v. Home Insurance, 388 SCRA 112 (2002) Padilla v. Civil Service Commission, 403 SCRA 116 (2003) Civil Service Commission v. Dela Cruz, 437 SCRA 403 (2004) Corpuz v. Court of Appeals, 285 SCRA 23 (1998)

a. Appointmentby the President Constitution, Art. VII, Sec. 16 Cases: Calderon v. Carale, 208 SCRA 254 (1992) A.M. No. 98-5-01-SC, Nov. 9 1998 In Re. Hon. Mateo Valenzuela, G.R. 79974, Dec. 17, 1987 In Re. Hon. Placido Vallarta, G.R. 79974, Dec. 17, 1987 b. AppointmentunderCivil ServiceQualificationStandard Constitution, Art. IX-B., 2(2) Cases: Chua v. Civil Service Commission, 206 SCRA 65 (1992) Luego v. Civil Service Commission, supra Aquino v. Civil Service Commission, 208 SCRA 240 (1992) Tria v. Sto. Tomas, 199 SCRA 833 (1991) Laurel v. Civil Service Commission, 203 SCRA 195 (1991) Grio v. Civil Service Commission, 194 SCRA 458 (1991) Civil Service Commission v. Salas, 274 SCRA 414 (1997) c. Remedyto QuestionTitle Cases: Torrosa v. Singson 232 SCRA 553 Mendoza v. Allas, 302 SCRA 623 (1999) Romualdez v. Civil Service Commission, 225 SCRA 285 (1993) 2. By Election III. Duties& ResponsibilitiesWhilein PublicOffice A. Powers& Duties 1. Source of power and authority 2. Construction of powers and duties 3. Delegation of power 3

4. Scope of Authority Constitution, Art. XI Sec.1; Sec.17; Sec. 18 5. Specific Duties R.A. 6713 and its IRR Case: Rabe v. Flores, 272 SCRA 415 (1997) 6. Norms of Conduct - R.A. 6713 B. Rightsand Privileges 1. Right to office R.A. 6758 (Salary Standardization Act) COA Government Auditing Rules and Regulations, Sec. 2671 Cases: Baybay Water District v. COA, 374 SCRA 482 (2002) Rodrigo v. Sandiganbayan, 303 SCRA 309 (1999) Tejada v. Domingo, 205 SCRA 138 (1992) Santos v. Court of Appeals, 345 SCRA 553 (2000) 2. 3. 4. 5. Security of tenure System of incentives and rewards Rights under the Civil Service Law & the Rules under the Administrative Code Personnel Actions a. Promotion Sec. 13, Omnibus Rules Implementing Book V, E.O. 292 Cases: Panis v. Civil Service Commission, 229 SCRA 589 (1994) Divinagracia v. Sto. Tomas, 244 SCRA 595 (1995) Santiago, Jr., v. Civil Service Commission, 178 SCRA 102 (1989) Abila v. Civil Service Commission, 198 SCRA 102 (1991) Medenvilla v. Civil Service Commission, 194 SCRA 278 (1991) Lustero v. IAC, G.R. 74814, July 16, 1991 b. Transfer Cases: People v. Reyes, 247 SCRA 328 (1995) Vinzons-Chato v. Natividad, 224 SCRA 787 (1995) 4

Vinzons-Chato v. Zenorosa, 344 SCRA 18 (2000) c. Detail Case: Republic v. Court of Appeals, 182 SCRA 721 (1990) d. Reassignment Cases: Teotico v. Agda, 197 SCRA 675 (1991) Cario v. Daoas, 380 SCRA 355 (2002) Pastor v. City of Pasig, 382 SCRA 232 (2002) e. Reinstatement

Cases: Cristobal v. Melchor, 78 SCRA 175 (1997) Sabelto v. DECS, 180 SCRA 623 (1989) Monsanto v. Factoran, 170 SCRA 190 (1989) Cavangot v. Civil Service Commission, 233 SCRA 59 (1993) f. Reemployment 6. Right to Self Organization Cases: Tupas v. NHA, 173 SCRA 35 (1989) SSS v. CA, 175 SCRA 686 (1989) Bangalisan v. CA, 276 SCRA 617 (1997) 7. Other rights: Leave of Absence, GSIS Retirement, Absences, Insurance, Employees Compensation - R.A. 6713 Cases: Borromeo v. Civil Service Commission, 199 SCRA 911 (1991) Mancenido v. CA, 330 SCRA 419 (2000) Lopez v. CA, 215 SCRA 512 (1992) Santos v. CA, 345 SCRA 553 (2000) People v. Galoshes, 324 SCRA 689 (2000) Cena v. Civil Service Commission, 211 SCRA 179 (1992) C. Liabilities 1. In general - R.A. 6713 2. Administrative Liability 3. Civil Liability 5

Cases: Cojuanco v. CA, 309 SCRA 602 (1999) Tecson v. Sandiganbayan, 318 SCRA 80 (1999) Ocampo v. Office of the Ombudsman, 322 SCRA 17 (2000) Rodrigo v. Sandiganbayan, 303 SCRA 309 (1999) Lacson v. Executive Secretary, 301 SCRA 298 (1999) 4. Criminal Liability Civil Code Arts. 27, 32, 34 Administrative Code Book I, Secs. 38-39 RPC, Title VII R.A. 3019 R.A. 1379 D. Disabilities& Inhibitions 1. Under the constitution 2. Under special laws IV. Terminationof Official Relations R.A. 6713 R.A. 7160 A. Expirationof Term Cases: Achocoso v. Macaraig, 195 SCRA 235 (1991) Lecaroz v. Sandiganbayan, supra Gloria v. De Guzman, supra B. Retirement C. Deathor permanentdisability D. Resignation Cases: Ortiz v. COMELEC, 162 SCRA 812 (1988) Estrada v. Arroyo, 353 SCRA 452 (2001) E. Acceptanceof incompatibleoffice F. Abandonmentof Office 6

Case: Canonizado v. Aguirre, 351 SCRA 359 (2001) G. Prescriptionof right to office H. Removal Cases: Aquino v. Civil Service Commission, 208 SCRA 240 (1992) Fabella v. Court of Appeals, 282 SCRA 256 (1997) Aguinaldo v. Santos, 212 SCRA 768 (1992) Gloria v. CA, 306 SCRA 287 (1999) Secretary of Education v. CA, 342 SCRA 40 (2000) Hagad v. Gozo-Dadole, 251 SCRA 242 (1995) The Sangguniang Barangay of Barangay Don Mariano Marcos v. Martinez, G.R. 170626, March 3, 2008 I. Impeachment Case: Francisco Jr., v. House of Representatives, G.R. 160261, 415 SCRA 44 (2003) J. Abolitionof Office Absent on Reorganization of Government Case: Canonizado v. COA, 226 SCRA 356 (1993) K. Convictionof crime Case: Garcia v. COA, 226 SCRA 356 (1993) L. Recall Cases: Garcia v. COMELEC, 227 SCRA 100 (1993) Angobung v. COMELEC, 269 SCRA 254 (1997) Disciplinary Cases: Ombudsman v. CA, G.R. 168079 17 July 2007 Marohomsalic v. Cole, G.R. 169918, 27 February 2008 Joson v. Torres, 290 SCRA 279 (1998) Socrates v. Sandiganbayan, 263 SCRA 775 (1996) Layus v. Sandiganbayan, 320 SCRA 233 (1999) Castro v. Gloria, 363 SCRA 417 (2001) 7

Nalupta, Jr., v. Tapec, 220 SCRA 505 (1993) Office of the Court Administrator v. Librado, 260 SCRA 624 (1996) RTC Makati Movement v. Dumlao, 247 SCRA 108 (1995) Santos v. Macaraig, 208 SCRA 74 (1992) Garciano v. OE, 102 SCRA 195 (1981)