Father of Wildlife Management Wrote Game Management in 1933

Prolific author of other publications for biologists,

agencies, and landowners

 A year through the life of he and his family restoring life

to a worn out farm in the Sand County part of Wisconsin

Natural history, ecology and management Reflections on the things of lasting value

The quality of landscape

Wisconsin Illinois and Iowa Arizona and New Mexico Thinking like a Mountain Chihuahua and Sonora Song of the Gavilan Oregon and Utah Cheat takes over Manitoba

 The Ethical Sequence

The Community Concept The Ecological Conscience Substitutes for a Land Ethic The Land Pyramid Land Health and the A-B Cleavage

The Outlook

 The Ethical Sequence

Slaves as property to dispose of not right or wrong Extension of ethics is an ecological evolution An ethic is a limitation on freedom
Individual to individual Individual to society The golden Rule and Democracy As yet no ethic for individual to the land evolutionary possibility and

ecological necessity The Conservation movement is such an affirmation Community instinct in the making

The Community Concept The Ecological Conscience Substitutes for a Land Ethic The Land Pyramid Land Health and the A-B Cleavage The Outlook

 The Ethical Sequence The Community Concept

Individual is a member of a community of interdependent parts

Soil, water, plants, animals = the land

instinct -> compete Ethics -> cooperate

Changes role from conqueror of land community to member and

citizen of it Plant succession steered the course of history w/will be taught that way once we understand we are a part of the community

The Ecological Conscience Substitutes for a Land Ethic The Land Pyramid Land Health and the A-B Cleavage The Outlook

 The Ethical Sequence The Community Concept The Ecological Conscience

Conservation is a state of harmony between man and land Obligations have no meaning without conscience We must extend the social conscience to the land To make conservation easy, we have made it trivial

Substitutes for a Land Ethic The Land Pyramid Land Health and the A-B Cleavage The Outlook

The Ethical Sequence The Community Concept The Ecological Conscience Substitutes for a Land Ethic A weakness of conservation based on economics is that most species have no economic value Not just insect eaters Song birds a matter of biotic right Predators, raptors, and fish-eating birds are member of the community All tree species are members of the forest Marshes, bogs, dunes and deserts are biotic communities Will governmental conservation, like the mastodon become handicapped by its own dimensions? Or, will a land ethic imply more obligation to the private landowner The Land Pyramid Land Health and the A-B Cleavage The Outlook

 The Ethical Sequence The Community Concept The Ecological Conscience Substitutes for a Land Ethic The Land Pyramid

Not the Balance of Nature the Biotic Pyramid Soil ->plants -> insects > etc. -> large carnivores The Pyramid a tangle of food chains including decay Interdependence between complex structure and smooth functioning Releases of biotic capital tend to becloud or postpone the penalties of violence Land in not merely soil Native plants and animals kept the circuits open others may not Human changes are different and more comprehensive than foreseen Can the land adjust to the new order can desired alterations be less violent If prairie flowers can reflocculate the soils, what service may cranes, otters, condors, and grizzlies provide?

Land Health and the A-B Cleavage The Outlook

The Ethical Sequence The Community Concept The Ecological Conscience Substitutes for a Land Ethic The Land Pyramid Land Health and the A-B Cleavage

A = Land is soil is commodity production B = Land is biota for a broader function Forestry, Wildlife, Agriculture Man the conqueror vs. man the biotic citizen Science the sword sharpener vs. science the searchlight Land the slave and servant vs. Land the collective organism

The Outlook

The Ethical Sequence The Community Concept The Ecological Conscience Substitutes for a Land Ethic The Land Pyramid Land Health and the A-B Cleavage The Outlook
A Land Ethic requires Love, Respect, & Admiration Are our economics and education headed away A modern is separated from the land by middlemen and

gadgets If crops could be raised by hydroponics instead of farming it would suit him well Synthetics

 The Remnants Wilderness for Recreation Wilderness for Science Wilderness for Wildlife Defenders of Wilderness

Recreational development is a job not of building roads into lovely country, but of building receptivity into the still unlovely human mind