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Another example is examining current sessions, much like the sp_who2 command:
SELECT * FROM sys.dm_exec_sessions;
What are temp tables? What is the difference between global and local temp tables?
Temporary tables are temporary storage structures. You may use temporary tables as buckets to store data that you will manipulate before arriving at a final format. The hash (#) character is used to declare a temporary table as it is prepended to the table name. A single hash (#) specifies a local temporary table.
CREATE TABLE #tempLocal ( nameid int, fname varchar(50), lname varchar(50) )
Local temporary tables are available to the current connection for the user, so they disappear when the user disconnects. Global temporary tables may be created with double hashes (##). These are available to all users via all connections, and they are deleted only when all connections are closed.
CREATE TABLE ##tempGlobal ( nameid int, fname varchar(50), lname varchar(50) )
Once created, these tables are used just like permanent tables; they should be deleted when you are finished with them. Within SQL Server, temporary tables are stored in the Temporary Tables folder of the tempdb database.
A nonclustered index does not affect the way data is physically stored; it creates a new object for the index and stores the column(s) designated for indexing with a pointer back to the row containing the indexed values. You can think of a clustered index as a dictionary in alphabetical order, and a nonclustered index as a book's index.
Microsoft advises against using NOLOCK, as it is being replaced by the READUNCOMMITTED query hint. There are lots more query hints with plenty of information online.
What is a CTE?
A common table expression (CTE) is a temporary named result set that can be used within other statements like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE. It is not stored as an object and its lifetime is limited to the query. It is defined using the WITH statement as the following example shows:
WITH ExampleCTE (id, fname, lname) AS ( SELECT id, firstname, lastname FROM table ) SELECT * FROM ExampleCTE
What is a view? What is the WITH CHECK OPTION clause for a view?
A view is a virtual table that consists of fields from one or more real tables. Views are often used to join multiple tables or to control access to the underlying tables. The WITH CHECK OPTION for a view prevents data modifications (to the data) that do not confirm to the WHERE clause of the view definition. This allows data to be updated via the view, but only if it belongs in the view.
1. Which TCP/IP port does SQL Server run on? How can it be changed? SQL Server runs on port 1433. It can be changed from the Network Utility TCP/IP properties. 2. What are the difference between clustered and a non-clustered index? 1. A clustered index is a special type of index that reorders the way records in the table are physically stored. Therefore table can have only one clustered index. The leaf nodes of a clustered index contain the data pages.
2. A non clustered index is a special type of index in which the logical order of the index does not match the physical stored order of the rows on disk. The leaf node of a non clustered index does not consist of the data pages. Instead, the leaf nodes contain index rows. 3. What are the different index configurations a table can have? A table can have one of the following index configurations: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. No indexes A clustered index A clustered index and many nonclustered indexes A nonclustered index Many nonclustered indexes
4. What are different types of Collation Sensitivity? 1. Case sensitivity - A and a, B and b, etc. 2. Accent sensitivity 3. Kana Sensitivity - When Japanese kana characters Hiragana and Katakana are treated differently, it is called Kana sensitive. 4. Width sensitivity - A single-byte character (half-width) and the same character represented as a double-byte character (full-width) are treated differently than it is width sensitive. 5. What is OLTP (Online Transaction Processing)? In OLTP - online transaction processing systems relational database design use the discipline of data modeling and generally follow the Codd rules of data normalization in order to ensure absolute data integrity. Using these rules complex information is broken down into its most simple structures (a table) where all of the individual atomic level elements relate to each other and satisfy the normalization rules. 6. What's the difference between a primary key and a unique key? Both primary key and unique key enforces uniqueness of the column on which they are defined. But by default primary key creates a clustered index on the column, where are unique creates a nonclustered index by default. Another major difference is that, primary key doesn't allow NULLs, but unique key allows one NULL only.