Section 1 Audio script:

Visitor: Excuse me. Receptionist: Yeah, what can I do for you sir? Visitor: Could you help me to meet Mr. R.K. Bhatia, the manager of this company? Receptionist: I am sorry you cant meet him today. He is extremely busy. Did you take an appointment? Visitor: Yes, I did. He himself called me today. Receptionist: Actually he is busy in an urgent meeting with a delegation from Japan. And he ordered me not to allow anybody to meet him till 3pm today. Visitor: It is very important for me to meet him today as I am flying to America tomorrow. Receptionist: Would you wait for a minute? Let me check with the manager please. Whats your good name sir, and from which company are you coming? Visitor: R.S. Sagoo, Senior Computer Engineer, Thunderbird Graphics. Receptionist: Thank you sir. (After talking to the manager on intercom).... I hope you wont mind sir. You will have to wait for half-an-hour. Mr. Bhatia will definitely meet with you. Visitor: Its all right. Ill wait. Receptionist: (Pointing out to sofa) Please have a seat there. Meanwhile I am arranging coffee for you. Visitor: (Smilingly) Thanks.
Fill in with the correct information: A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. The visitor is a _____1_____. The visitor wants to meet _____2_____. The receptionist asks for ____3_____. The visitor works for _____4_____. The man the visitor wants to meet is busy in _____5_____. But he has an _____6_____. The receptionist offers the visitor _____7_____. The receptionist calls the person to _____8_____. The visitor needs to wait for _____9_____ to meet the person. The visitor is _____10_____ to wait at the reception.

Section 2 Audio script: In the issue of his journal Young India dated April 27, 1921, Mahatma Gandhi published an article titled Evil Wrought by the English Medium. This argued that Rammohun Roy would have been a greater

reformer, and Lokmanya Tilak would have been a greater scholar, if they had not to start with the handicap of having to think in English and transmit their thoughts chiefly in English. Gandhi claimed that of all the superstitions that affect India, none is so great as that a knowledge of the English language is necessary for imbibing ideas of liberty, and developing accuracy of thought. When this article appeared, Rabindranath Tagore was travelling in the West. Posted a copy, he was dismayed by its general tenor, and by the chastisement of Rammohan Roy in particular. On May 10, 1921, he wrote to C.F. Andrews from Zurich saying, I strongly protest against Mahatma Gandhis trying to cut down such great personalities of Modern India as Rammohan Roy in his blind zeal for crying down our modern education. These criticisms, added Tagore tellingly, showed that Gandhi is growing enamoured of his own doctrines a dangerous form of egotism, that even great people suffer from at times. The Mahatma believed Rammohan Roy was limited by his excessive familiarity with English. To the contrary, Tagore argued that through his engagement with other languages, the reformer had the comprehensiveness of mind to be able to realise the fundamental unity of spirit in the Hindu, Muhammadan and Christian cultures. Therefore he represented India in the fullness of truth, and this truth is based, not upon rejection, but on perfect comprehension. Rammohan Roy could be perfectly natural in his acceptance of the West, not only because his education had been perfectly Eastern he had the full inheritance of the Indian wisdom. He was never a school boy of the West, and therefore he had the dignity to be the friend of the West. C.F. Andrews shared the letter with the press. The criticisms stung Gandhi, who immediately published a clarification in Young India. He pointed to his own friendship with white men (Andrews among them), and the hospitality granted to Englishmen by many non-co-operators. Neither he nor his flock were guilty of chauvinism or xenophobia. His defence was then summed up in these words: I hope I am as great a believer in free air as the great Poet. I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all the lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.

Supply with the correct information to complete the following passages. A. In the issue of his journal Young India dated ____11_____, Mahatma Gandhi published an article titled _____12_____ the English Medium. This argued that _____13_____ would have been a greater reformer, and _____14_____ would have been a greater scholar, if they had not to start with the handicap of having to think in _____15_____ their thoughts chiefly in English. Gandhi claimed that of all the _____16_____ that affect India, none is so great as that a knowledge of the _____17_____ language is necessary for imbibing ideas of liberty, and developing accuracy of thought. B. _____18_____ shared the letter with the press. The criticisms stung Gandhi, who immediately published a clarification in _____19_____. He pointed to his own friendship with white men (Andrews among them), and the hospitality granted to Englishmen by many non-co-operators. Neither he nor his flock were guilty of chauvinism or _____20_____.

Section 3 Audio script: Power couples don't get that way by accident. Devotion to mission and a tireless work ethic go down a lot easier when both members of a pair approach their jobs the same way. That kind of stick-to-theflight-plan determination was on display Friday afternoon when NASA and astronaut Mark Kelly husband of injured Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords convened a news conference at the Johnson Space Center in Houston to announce that Kelly would be in the commander's seat as planned when the shuttle Endeavour takes off in April. Kelly, 46, has flown in space three times before, but this time was going to be special. It would be both his and Endeavour's final mission and perhaps the last of the shuttle program as a whole if money isn't forthcoming for one more flight later in the year. What's more, the objective of the mission is to deliver the alpha magnetic spectrometer (AMS) to the International Space Station. The AMS will be affixed to the station's truss and try to collect particle evidence of the cosmos' little-understood dark matter and dark energy, which are thought to serve as nothing less than the mortar that holds the universe together. But those plans at least Kelly's role in them were blown to bits last month, when Giffords was shot in the head at an outdoor constituent event, landing her in intensive care unit and, more recently, a long-term rehab facility. "Four weeks ago tomorrow, I was sitting in the ICU in Tuscon and talking to her neurosurgeon and trauma surgeon about her progress," Kelly said today. "At that time I thought I'd likely be sitting in that same seat maybe two, four, six months later." But if he were there today, he'd be very lonely. On January 21 way ahead of schedule Giffords had recovered sufficiently to be moved to the Memorial Hermann Rehabilitation Hospital in Houston, handily close to the space center, where Kelly trains. Even then, there was little thought in his mind that he would fly the two-week mission and little in NASA's plans either. The famously risk-averse space agency wants nothing to do with any astronaut least of all a commander whose mind isn't fully on the job. Said Peggy Whitson, head of the NASA astronaut office: "We weren't going to ask him to command if he didn't want to. I have to choose a crew that will be able to support the mission." Say whether the statements are true or false or not given in the passage. 21. Devotion to mission and a tireless work ethic go down a lot easier. 22. NASA is planning for a new voyage to the mars. 23. Both the husband and wife are famous in their respective fields. 24. Kelly is going for his first journey to the space. 25. Giffords is at home now to get well.

26. Kelly has cancelled his mission for Giffords illness. 27. The couple lives in Illinois. 28. There are at least three previous missions where Kelly took part. 29. Peggy Whitson is the head of the NASA astronaut office. 30. Kelly and Giffords are staying quite nearby nowadays.

Section 4 Audio script: The conventional view of English origins is that the English are primarily descended from the AngloSaxons, Germanic tribes that migrated to Great Britain following the end of the Roman occupation of Britain, with assimilation of later migrants such as the Vikings and Normans. This version of history is considered by some historians and geneticists as simplistic or even incorrect. The Celts, particularly their use of Brythonic languages such as Cornish, Cumbric, and Welsh, held on for several centuries in parts of England such as Cornwall, Devon, Cumbria, Northumberland, the West Midlands (particularly Herefordshire and Shropshire), Cheshire, Lancashire, and parts of Yorkshire (particularly West Yorkshire). However, the notion of the Anglo-Saxon English has traditionally been important in defining English identity and distinguishing the English from their Celtic neighbours, such as the Scots, Welsh, Cornish and Irish. Historian Catherine Hills describes what she calls the "national origin myth" of the English: The arrival of the Anglo-Saxons ... is still perceived as an important and interesting event because it is believed to have been a key factor in the identity of the present inhabitants of the British Isles, involving migration on such a scale as to permanently change the population of south-east Britain, and making the English a distinct and different people from the Celtic Irish, Welsh and Scots ....this is an example of a national origin myth ... and shows why there are seldom simple answers to questions about origins.[7] A popular interest in English identity is evident in the recent reporting of scientific and sociological investigations of the English, in which their complex results are heavily simplified. In 2002, the BBC used the headline "English and Welsh are races apart" to report a genetic survey of test subjects from market towns in England and Wales,[8] while in September 2006, The Sunday Times reported that a survey of first names and surnames in the UK had identified Ripley in Derbyshire as "the 'most English' place in England with 88.58% of residents having an English ethnic background".[9] The Daily Mail printed an article with the headline "We're all Germans! (and we have been for 1,600 years)".[10] In all these cases, the language of race is employed by the journalists. [11] In addition, several recent books, including those of Stephen Oppenheimer and Brian Sykes, have argued that the recent genetic studies in fact do not show a clear dividing line between the English and their

'Celtic' neighbours, but that there is a gradual clinal change from west coast Britain to east coast Britain. They suggest that the majority of the ancestors of British peoples were the original palaeolithic settlers of Great Britain, and that the differences that exist between the east and west coasts of Great Britain though not large, are deep in prehistory, mostly originating in the upper palaeolithic and Mesolithic (15,000-7,000 years ago). Furthermore, Oppenheimer states that genetic testing has proven that "75% of British and Irish ancestors arrive[d] between 15,000 and 7,500 years ago".[12] Oppenheimer also claims that Celtic split from Indo-European earlier than previously suspected, some 6000 years ago, while English split from Germanic before the Roman period. Oppenheimer believes that a Germanic language that became English was spoken by the tribes of what is now England long before the arrival of the Anglo-Saxon and also discounts the view that the people of the area were ever Celtic. Complete the following statements with the correct information. A. Celtic split from Indo-European earlier than previously suspected, some _____31_____ ago. B. A popular interest in English identity is evident in the recent reporting of _____32_____ investigations of the English. C. The notion of the Anglo-Saxon English has traditionally been important in defining _____33_____. D. The majority of the ancestors of British peoples were the original _____34_____ of Great Britain. E. Genetic testing has proven that "75% of British and Irish ancestors arrive[d] between _____35_____ years ago". F. The arrival of the Anglo-Saxons ... is still perceived as an _____36_____ event. G. In _____37_____, the _____38_____ used the headline "English and Welsh are races apart" to report a genetic survey of test subjects from market towns in England and Wales. H. several recent books, including those of _____39_____ and _____40_____, have argued that the recent genetic studies in fact do not show a clear dividing line between the English and their 'Celtic' neighbors.