2.

SHELL DESIGN DATA

Tank Diameter D = 12500 mm = 12.50 m
Tank Height Ht = 6000 mm = 6.00 m , Ht / D = 0.48
Operating Liquid Height H
L
= 5300 mm = 5.30 m , H
L
/ D = 0.42
Hydrotest Liquid Height H
T
= 6000 mm = 6.00 m
Stored Product Sp.Gravity Gl = 1.0000
Design Sp.Gravity G = 1.0000 --
Test Sp.Gravity Gt = 1.0000 --
Operating Int.Vap. Press. p
oper
= 0 mm of water column = 0.000 kPa
Design Int. Vapour Press. pi = 100 mm of water column = 0.981 kPa
Hydrotest Int. Air Press. pt = 100.000 mm of water column = 0.98067 kPa
Operating Internal Vacuum po
oper
= 0 mm of water column = 0 kPa
Design Internal Vacuum po = 100.000 mm of water column = 0.98067 kPa
Design Temperature Temp d = 65 oC =149 oF
Correction Factor for Stress Ftemp = 1.0000 (on YPas per Table -M1 of API 650 for CS)
Insulation Thk on Shell tins = 0 mm
Insulation Thk on Roof tinsr = 0 mm
Insul Sp.Grav Sins = 0.2 (hot)
Inter.Liner Thk on Shell t lin = 4.5 mm (Rubber Lining )
Inter. Liner Thk on Roof t linr = 4.5 mm
Inter. Liner Thk on Bottom t linb = 4.5 mm
Liner Sp.Grav S lin = 1.30
Material of Shell :-
Material ..CS or SS ? = 1 ( 1 for CS, 2 for SS)
Mat...(1) IS 2062 Gr B Product Design Stress ( Sd ) = 163.96 MPa ( Basic )
Max. Allow. Product Design Stress ( Sd ) = 163.96 MPa ,with temp. correction
Max. Allow. Hydrostatic Test Stress ( St ) = 175.93 MPa as per API 650
( CL-5.1.1)
Mechanical Strength At Atm.Temp. .
F
ty
= Y.P.of Shell's Bottom Course = 240 MPa
F
by
= Y.P.of Anul / Bott.Plate Below Shell =240 MPa
Sbyp = Y.P.of Anchor Bolt Material =240 MPa (IS 2062 Gr B)
Fy = Min. Y.P.of Shell's Top Course = 240 MPa
3. CALCULATION OF SHELL THICKNESS
Height of Stored Liquid Equivalent to Internal Pr. , H(pi) = pi / (1000*G)
= 0.1000 m of design liquid
Height of Test Liquid Equi. To Test Internal Pr. , H(pt) = pt / (1000*Gt)
= 0.1000 m of test liquid
Min.Thickness Reqd. for Present Dia.of Tank , tmin = 5 mm (API 650 CL 5.6.1.1)
Min Product Design Shell Thickness, td = {4.9D ( H - 0.3 ) G }/( E.Sd )+CA mm
Min Hydrotest Shell Thickness, tt = {4.9D ( Ht - 0.3 ) }/ (E.St) mm
where H = Design Liquid ht. above shell course under consideration +H(pi) , m
Ht =Test Liquid ht. above shell course under consideration + H(pt) , m
D = tank inside diameter = 12.5000 m
E = Weld J oint Efficiency = 1 for API 650 radiography as per code
Design Code ? 2 = API 650
Note: -Shell Thk. calculation->Tank's Full Height. Or HLL 1 Shell Design Liquid Ht = 6000 mm
Shell Course Shell Corrosion Design Liquidcalculated Test Liquid calculated Minimum Adopted
Course Height material allowance Ht. above design Ht. above test required thick
No. bot.of coursethickness bot.of course thickness thickness
from (inc..Int.pr) (inc.test .pr) max of (td ,
Bottom ( W ) ( CA ) ( H ) (td) ( Ht ) (tt) tt & tmin ) (ta)
mm mm m mm m mm mm mm
1 750 1 0.00 6.100 2.1667 6.100 2.0193 5.0000 8
2 750 1 0.00 5.350 1.8866 5.350 1.7582 5.0000 8
3 500 1 0.00 4.600 1.6064 4.600 1.4970 5.0000 8
4 500 1 0.00 4.100 1.4196 4.100 1.3230 5.0000 8
5 500 1 0.00 3.600 1.2328 3.600 1.1489 5.0000 8
6 500 1 0.00 3.100 1.0460 3.100 0.9748 5.0000 8
7 500 1 0.00 2.600 0.859 2.600 0.801 5.000 8
8 500 1 0.00 2.100 0.6724 2.100 0.6267 5.0000 8
9 500 1 0.00 1.600 0.4856 1.600 0.4526 5.0000 8
10 500 1 0.00 1.100 0.2989 1.100 0.2785 5.0000 8
11 500 1 0.00 0.600 0.1121 0.600 0.1044 5.0000 8
E 6000 ( Shell Height)
NOTE:_ (1) For exact location of weld seams / course height refer fabrication /GA drg. Breaking in Shell Courses
is used to fill The Table not affecting the result.
Shell Courses
4. BOTTOM PLATE
( API 650 Cl 5.4.1) / (IS: 803 CL- 6.2 )
Corrosion Allow. for bottom plate = 0 mm
Minimum thickness required = 6+CA for bottom plate
6 mm
Provided Bottom plate thk = 8 mm
Corroded Bottom Plate Thk = 8 mm
4.1 Annular Plate Below Shell ( API 650 CL 5.5.1 )
Bottom annular plate is required for material group IV to VI only,as per the design Code API 650
( Present Case -- Not Required as per 3.1.2 )
Still provide Annular plate to avoid differential settlement & for firm resting of shell as Tank Dia. >=12 m
Annular Plate Material = IS 2062 Gr B
Yield Strength at design Temp. = 240 MPa
Stress in bottom Course of Tank = 4.9D (H - 0.3 ) G / t =
(1) Hydrotest Condition = 44.40625 MPa ( Hydrotest , newly Built )
(2) Prouct Fill Condition = 44.40625 MPa ( Product Storage )
Greater of above two = 44.40625 Mpa
Corresponding minimum reqd. thk = 6 mm (without corrosion) ( API-650 -Table 5-1a )
Provided Thick of Annular plate , = 10 mm (uncorroded) 10 (corroded
i) minimum radial width = 600 mm
ii) Min.Width of plt reqd, Wanplt = 215 tb / ( HG )
0.5
( CL 5.5.3)
= 933.90 mm
iii) Min.Width of annul plt reqd, Wanplt
(Self-anchored tank for seismic load) = 450 mm ( CL- E.6.2.1.1.2 -1a)
iv) Min.Width of plt reqd, Wan
wind
= 437.5 mm ( CL- E.5.11.2)
(For wind overturning) ( 0.035 D = 437.5 mm )
Max . of above Four , Wradp = 933.90 mm
Project Annul. Plt. Outside Shell = 65.00 mm
Annul.Plt. Overlap with Sketch Plate = 65.00 mm
1
2
3
4
(a) Minimum width required = Wradp +Project.out side shell ( =65) +bott.shell thk +overlap
( for un-anchored tank) = 1071.90 mm
(b) Minimum width required = Max {(i), (ii)}+projection out side shell +bott.shell thk +overlap
( for mechanically anchored tank) = 1071.90 mm
Provided width of plate ,Wapl = 1080.0 mm = 1.08 m
5.0 ROOF PLATE AND SUPPORT STRUCTURE
(API 650 Cl. 5.10.2.2) / ( IS 803 -CL 6.4.2.2 )
5.1 Corrosion Allowance for Roof = 0
Roofing plate shall be minimum = 5 +Corrosion Allowance
= 5 mm
Adopted Roof Plate Thk = 5.00 mm
Weight of Roofing plate = 5261.02 kg (8.0% extra for overlap,weld, etc.)
5.2 Supporting Structre of Cone shall be as per Drawing / Standard
Weight of Roof Structure = 200 kg (Assumed)
Ht of Cone Roof, H = 520.833333 mm
5.3 Curb Angle at Shell Top
Min. Curb Angle Size
(AS PER IS 803 CL-6.3.6.2 ) 65 x 65 x 8
(AS API 650 Cl 5.1.5.9 ) 50 x 50 x 6
Provided - Curb Angle ? 1 yes
65 x 65 x 8 Curb angle for circularity of shell & Comp. Area
Curb angle Wt / Sec.Area = 7.7 kg / m 976 mm
2
5.4 Compression Ring Provided at Shell-Cone Junction-
Ring Section Weight / Area = 0 kg / m 0 mm
2
(Rect. Bar)
Additional Area in Thicker Roof Annular Plate = 0 mm
2
6. WEIGHT CALCULATION
Tank Shell = 14816 kg
Roof Plate = 5261 kg
Roof Plate Supporting Structure = 200 kg
Curb Angle = 302 kg
Comp.Ring at Shell Top = 0 kg (Rect. Bar)
Addl.in Thicker Annular of Roof Plt = 0 kg (roof annular is already considered
Wind-girder / Stiffening Ring no 1 = 0 kg
Wind-girder / Stiffening Ring no 2 = 0 kg
Wind-girder / Stiffening Ring no 3 = 0 kg
Wind-girder / Stiffening Ring no 4 = 0 kg
Spiral stairway = 540 kg
Intemid. Platforms on shell = 350 kg
Platforms/ Nozzle on Roof = 650 kg ( Inclu.Over-Bridge if provided )
Hand Railing on Walkway 449 kg
Appurtanences/Nozzles on shell = 2000 kg
Stiffener Ring for Bridge -Post & Its Ht = 0 kg / 0 m
Heaters, Attachments,etc.on shell = 0 kg / 6.5 uniformly distributed
Point Weight on Shell & its centre's Ht = 0 kg / 0 m , from tank bottom
Anchor Chairs & its centre's Ht = 0 kg / 0.25 m , from tank bottom
Roof attachment & Its Ht.(Operation) = 0 kg / 6.00 m , from tank bottom
Insulation on shell = 0 kg
Insulation Ring & cladding on shell = 0 kg
Insulation on roof = 0 kg
Insulation support/cladding on roof = 0 kg
Internal Liner on shell = 1378 kg
Internal Liner on Roof = 718 kg

Total (exclud. bottom plt & b.liner) = 26665 kg ( = W4 )
As built Wt, excl. bottom = ( W4 )
Bottom Annular Plate = 3268 kg
Base / Sketch Plate = 5537 kg
Intenal Liner on Base Plate = 718 kg
Erection Weight = 33.37 tonnes (excl. IFR, insulation, liner but
includ.heating coil )
Geometrical Capacity = 736.3 m
3
Design Liquid Weight = 650.4 tonne ( based on design liquid)
Operating Liquid Weight = 650.4 tonne ( based on process liquid)
Hydrotest Weight = 769.7 tonne (excl. IFR, insul., liner but includ.heat coil )
Opertating Weight ( For Design ), Wop = 687 tonne ( based on design liquid) ( excl. IFR )
Opertating Weight ( With Process Liquid) = 687 tonne ( based on process liquid) (excl. IFR )
Wt.Loss due to corrosion in shell = 0 kg
Wt.Loss due to corrosion in Roof plate = 0 kg
6.1 Corroded Shell, Roof Plt. & Struct. + Other
Dead Load In Corroded Condition Carried by Shell,W1 = 20036 kg (corroded)
(Include. Fixed Roof Structure but exclud . Roof Plate, Roof Insul & Roof Liner)
Dead Load In Corroded Condition Carried by Shell,W2 = 26665 kg (corroded) (Ws)
(Include. Fixed Roof Struct., Roof Plate, Insul & Liner on shell & roof )
Dead Load In As Built Condition Carried by Shell,W3 = 20036 kg (uncorroded)
(Include. Fixed Roof Structure but exclud . Roof Plate, Roof Insul & Roof Liner)
Centre of Gravity of Shell plates only = 3.0000 m (uncorroded)
Combined Centre of Gravity of Shell
plate and supported components (Xs) = 2.9092 m (uncorroded)
(excluding roofs & its attachments )
7. CALCULATION OF WIND LOAD
( IS: 875)
Basic Wind velocity at site , Vb = 39 m / s = ( 140.4 km/hr)
Design Wind velocity , Vz = Vb.k1.k2.k3
= 147.22 km / h - ( 3-sec gust velocity) upto 10 m
Location Terrain Category = 2
Strcture Size / Class = B
Where Factors For Various Effects, as defined in code : - upto 10 m upto 15 m upto 20 m
For Probable Life of 50 yr k1 = 1.070 1.070 1.070
For given Categ. & Class k2 = 0.980 1.02 1.05
Site topography (unknown) k3 = 1.00
Adopted Design Wind Velocity, Vd = 40.8954 42.5646 43.8165 m / s
Design Wind Pressure , Pz = 0.6* Vz
2
( Vz in m / sec )
= 1003.460245 1087.0471 1151.9314 N / m
2
= 102.3312507 110.855303 117.4721 kgf / m
2
Adopted Design Wind Pressure, Pd = 102.3312507 110.855303 117.4721 kgf / m
2
Factor to account Piping, Pltform, Fp = 1.01 ( contengency factor)
Shape Factor For cylinder, Cf = 0.70
Overall Ht of Tank Incld. Roof, H = 6520.83 mm
Overall Ht / Dia Ratio, H / D = 0.52 0.6651667
Pressure Coeff. for Load on roof , Cpe = 0.665 (IS :875 Table -19, extra /inter-polated on H / D )
Horizontal Wind Force on Cyl part, P
H
= Fp.Cf.Ae.Pd
= Fp *Cf * D * ( EH
i
* Pd
i
) kgf
.= E 5426.11457 0 0 kgf
= 10324.53328 kgf
Weighted Average Wind Pressure, P
aw
= 1928.42616 N / m
2
= 1.9284262 kPa
Wind Pressure acting on tank top, Pe
pr
= Cpe.Pd
= 68.06733695 kgf / m
2
= 0.6674683 kPa
Wind force acting on tank top, Pe = t/4*D
2
.Pe
pr
= 8353.118973 kgf
Location of Pe, on Cone/Dome Roof, e = 0.1*D = 1.25 m
Uplift due to Int. Design Vapour Pr.,Wupi = 12271.8463 kgf
Mw]B (incl. up wind about B) = P
H
.Ht / 2 +Pe .e
= 26720 kgf .m = 26.72 tonne .m
Mw]A (incl. up wind about A) = 78927 kgf .m = 78.93 tonne .m
8. CHECK FOR OVER-TURNING STABILITY OF TANK FOR WIND LOAD
AND INTERNAL VAPOUR PRESSURE ( API-650 CL 5.11.2 )
Weight Supported by shell includIing Roof Struct & other Components
(But excling Bott , Roof Plt & Roof Accessory), D
LS
= 20036 kgf = 196471.5 N (W3)
{As built Wt (Nominal Wt) , include.insulation/liner on shell) }
Wt. of Roof Plating & Roof Accessory, D
LR
= 6629 kgf = 65003.2 N
( As built Wt , include.insulation/liner, pltform, nozzle on roof)
t
b
=Qualified Corrod Bott thk. to calculate w
L
= 8 mm ( API 650,CL-5.11.2)
w
L
=Min.of [59t
b
.sqrt{Fby.H
L
}, 140.8H
L
.D] = 9328.00 N /m
W
L
=total Liquid resisting uplift = 37355.67 Kgf
M
pi
=Wupi* D / 2 = 76699 Kgf .m
F
P
*M
pi
=(t/4*D2)*( max(0.4Pi, P
oper
))*0.5D = 30680 Kgf .m {Oper Pr =max( P
oper
, 0.4Pi) }
M
DL
= D
LS
* D / 2 = 125224 Kgf .m
M
DLR
=D
LR
* D / 2 = 41431 Kgf .m
M
F
=W
L
* D/2 = 233473 kgf.m
0.6 Mw]A + M
pi
= 124055.081 kgf.m
M
DL
/ 1.5 +M
DLR
= 124913.4391 kgf.m
>(0.6Mw]A + Mpi), Anchor Not Reqd.
Mw]A + F
P
.M
pi
= 109606 kgf.m
( M
DL
+M
F
) / 2 +M
DLR
= 220779.241 kgf.m
> (Mw]A + Fp.Mpi ), Anchor Not Reqd.
Hence Anchorage not required for Stability against Overturning due to wind load .
Wind Loading on Foundation (Point B) (Point A) - Toppling of Tank
Wind Shear = 10.3 10.3 tonnes
Wind Moment, Mw = 26.7 78.93 tonnes .m
A
B
P
H
P
e
H/2
W
L
W
S
D/2
e
W
UPI
9. INTERMEDIATE WIND GIRDER / STABILITY OF SHELL
(As per API 650 Cl 5.9.7 )
Note --> (2) Is Calculation based on Corroded Shell thk or As- Built ? 1 Corroded
(1) Assumed Uniform thk of shell,
t
uniform
- = 8 mm
Design Internal Vacuum, po= 100.000 mm of H
2
O
= 0.980665 kPa
=
Total Equiv.Ext.Wind Pr.,Pw = P
aw
+po
= 2.90909116 kPa
= 2909.09116 N / m
2
Refer Note (d) Under API 650 CL-5.9.7.1, No Increase in Unstiffened Ht, But Decrease if ext.Pr is more than design base pr
Taking effect of Wind, Int. Vacuum, Temperature,
Max. Ht. of Unstiff. Shell, H1 = vertical distance between intermediate windgirder and
top curb angle of shell or top wind girder
= 9.470 * t*(t/D)
1.5
*(1/ W
F
)*(Ed /E), m based on 1.72 kPa
= 22.9340652 m
where t = corroded thickness of top shell course , in mm
= t
uniform
( assumed uniform thk .of shell)
= 8.000 mm
D = nominal diameter of tank , in metre
= 12.50 m
W
F
= wind velocity factor = max. of {1, or ( Pw / 1.72) }
= 1.6913
( Ed /E ) = 1.0000 ( Ratio of Design/Base Young Moduluii - API 650 -Apdx M)
Transposed Height of Tank Shell
Transposed height of shell courses below curb angle of shell
Wtr = W. {t
uniform
/ t
actual
}
2.5
where :- W = actual width of a shell course
Wtr = transposed width of a shell course
t
actual
= thickn.of shell course for which transposed width is being calculated
t
uniform
= corroded thickness of top shell course assumed as uniform thk
shell course corroded transposed
course height thickness width
no. ( Wr ) (t
actual
) (Wtr )
1 750 8 750.00
2 750 8 750.00
3 500 8 500.00
4 500 8 500.00
5 500 8 500.00
6 500 8 500.00
Total Transposed Height of Shell, TRH
7 500 8 500.00 = EWtr
= 6000.00 mm
8 500 8 500.00 = 6 m
TRH / H1 = 0.2616196
9 500 8 500.00 < 1.0
10 500 8 500.00 therefore 0 Number Wind Girder is required.
Used 0 No.
11 500 8 500.00
E 6000 6000.0
10. CALCULATION OF SEISMIC LOADS
For Present case:
( API 650 Appendix E ) & (Spec. - A307 -000-16-54-DB-0258 & IS: 1893 )
(Based on Design Density & Operating Liquid Level )
10.1 Time Period of Vibration & Seismic Coefficients
Oper. Liquid Ht. / Tank Dia., H
L
/D = 0.4 & D/H
L
= 2.4
Factor ,based on H
L
/ D ratio, Ci = 6.5780 ( Fig.E-1 )->Extrapo. beyond -(H
L
/D >1.5)
Average Tickness of Shell, tu = 8 mm ( uncorroded)
Impuls. Time Period of Tank, Ti = 0.069077755 sec (as API-650--E-4.5.1-1a)
Adopted Impulsive T.Period Ti = 0.069077755 sec
Time Period for sloshing, Ts = 3.871656591 sec
Importance Factor of Structure, I = For Tank as given below.
Seismic Response Factor , R = As per API 650 Table-E 4 ,( Liquid Tank)
Type of Soil of Foundation = 3 Soft Soil (Soft Soilis for Conservatism)
Factor- For Site Curve (Z/2) = 1.00 A307 -000-16-54-DB-0258 ,Zone III
Impulsive Horiz.Seis. Coeff., o
hi
= 0.146 <<--( Sa/g read from Site Spectra Graph )
.={(Z/2)*(Sa/g) / (R/I) }- for 5 % damping at Ti) {Based on R=3.5 I = 1.75
Vertical Seismic Coeff. = o
v
= 0.67 *o
h
( API 650) (Based on IS 1893 Pt-4)
= 0.097793345
Sloshing Horz.Seis. force coeff, =o
hc
= 0.0617 <<--( Sa/g read from Site Spectra Graph )
.={(Z/2)(Sa/g)/(R/I)} for 0.5% damping ,at Ts) {Based on R=2 I = 1.75
( API 650) (Based on IS 1893 Pt-4)
DESIGNBASISEARTHQUAKE
(data givenintenderspec.ismultipliedby.088&plotted)
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Tisa/g
Ti
Tssa/g
Ts
Damp0.5%
Damp5%
S
a
/
g

(
e
x
c
l
d
.

&

I
)
Ts
TimePeriod,s Ti
DESIGNBASISEARTHQUAKE
SiteSpectra
10.2 Seismic Shear & Moment Load on Tank Shel
Wt of Shell & Its Attachment exclud.roof,Ws = 19.84 tonne
Weight of Fixed Roof on Shell top,Wr = 6.83 tonne (at shell top )
Weight of Floating Roof , Wifr = 0.00 tonne (1.2 m below shell top )
Weight of Tank Bottom , Wf = 9.52 tonne
Impulsive Liquid / & Its Centroid , W1 = 307.9063111 tonne X1 = 1.9875 m
=
Convective Liquid / & Its Centroid , W2 = 322.7497351 tonne X2 = 3.0807211 m
Overturning Moment applied to bottom of shell
Ms .= sqrt |{o
hi.
[Ws.Xs +{Wifr.(ht-1.2) +Wr.Xr }+W1.X1 ] }
2
+{o
hc
W2.X2}
2
]
= 120.6821 tonne . m
> Mw , Hence Ms shall be governing
where Ws.Xs = moments of wts of shell and its attachments about tank bott.
= 57.70558178 tonne . m
Wr.Xr +Wifr.(Ht-1.2) = moments of wts of roof and its attachments about tank bott.
= 42.1591 tonne . m
Slosh ( Convective Wave) Height, os = 1.124*(o
hc
)*Ts
2
tanh{4.77(H/D)
0.5
} feet
= 1.0362 feet
= 0.3158 m
10.3 Seismic Shear & Moment Load On Tank Foundation
(a) Seismic Moment on Slab Foundation
Centriod of Impulsive Force , X1' = 4.934507414 m
Centroid of Convective Force , X2' = 4.48997109 m
Moment on tank Foundation, M
F
.= sqrt [{o
hi.
[Ws.Xs +Wf +{Wifr.(ht-1.2) +Wr.Xr }+W1.X1' ] }
2
+{o
hc.
W2.X2'}
2
]
= 252.7143 tonne . m
(b) Seismic Moment on Ringwall Foundation
Centriod of Impulsive Force , X1' = 1.9875 m
Centroid of Convective Force , X2' = 3.080721126 m
Moment on tank Foundation, M
RF
= sqrt [{o
hi.
[Ws.Xs +{Wifr.(ht-1.2) +Wr.Xr }+W1.X1' ] }
2
+{o
hc.
W2.X2'}
2
]
= 120.6821 tonne . m
Seismic Shear on Foundation , Ss = sqrt | {o
hi
[ Ws +Wf +( Wifr +Wr ) +W1] }
2
+{o
hc.
W2)
2
]
= 54.0333 tonne
Angle of Inclin.of Bottom With Horz., | = 0.00 deg
Friction Coefficient , = 0.4
(.c) Sliding Force on inclined support, Sf = (Ss* sin u +Wop* cos u ) - * Wop* ( 1-0.4o
v
)*sin u
= -209.8617985 tonne
( No Sliding of Tank )
(d) Check for Foundation Overturning Stability For Seismic Moment
( E.6.2.3.-1 Re-arranged)
0.5D * [ W
p
+W
f
+W
T
+W
fd
+W
g
] / Ms >= 2
Min.Foundation +Soil wt must greater than, (W
f
+W
g
) = 4M
RF
/ D - Wop
( Inclusive of Soil in Footing) = -647.977315 tonne
(Tank is Stable)