CEE 345 Spring 2002

Problem set #2 Solutions

Problem 8.4
A pump has the characteristics given in Fig. 8-5. What discharge and head will be produced at maximum eciency if the pump size is 50 cm and the angular speed is 30 rps? What power is required when pumping water under these conditions?

Solution:
At maximum eciency, from Fig. 8-5, C Q = 0.64, C P = 0.60, C H = 0.75

Q = C Q nD3 + 0.64 30 s1 (0.5 m)3 = 2.40 m3 /s h = C H n2 D2 0.75 (30 s1 )2 (0.5 m)2 = 17.2 m. = g 9.81 m/s2

P = C P D5 n3 = 0.60 1000 kg/m3 (0.5 m)5 (30 s1 )3 = 506 kW.

Problem 8.12
If the pump having the performance curve shown is operated at a speed of 1500 rpm, what will be the maximum possible head developed?

Solution:
CH = H g D2 n2
2

Since C H will be the same for the maximum head condition, then H n
2

or

H1500

1500 = H1000 1000

= 102 ft 2.25 = 229.5 ft.

Problem 8.19
What type of pump should be used to pump water at a rate of 12 cfs and under a head of 25 ft? Assume N = 1500 rpm. 1

CEE 345 Spring 2002

Problem set #2 Solutions

Solution:
1500 rpm = 25 rps 60 s/min n Q 25 s1 12 cfs ns = = = 0.57 3 3 (gh) 4 (32.2 ft/s2 25 ft) 4 n= Then from Fig. 8-15, n s < 0.60 so use mixed ow pump.

Problem 8.23
You want to pump water at a rate of 1.0 m3 /s from the lower to the upper reservoir shown in the gure. What type of pump would you use for this operation if the impeller speed is to be 600 rpm?

Solution:
h = z + 1. 5 + f n Q (gh)
3 4

L V2 20 m (1.27 m/s)2 = 18 m 15 m + 1.5 + 0.01 = 3.14 m D 2g 1m 2 32.2 m/s2 1. 0 m 3 / s

3

ns =

(9.81 m/s2 3.14 m) 4

10 s1

= 0.76

From Fig. 8-15, use axial ow pump.

Problem 8.24
The pump used in the system shown has the characteristics given in Fig. 8-6, page 418. What discharge will occur under the conditions shown, and what power is required?

Solution:
D = 35.6 cm = 0.356 m, n = 11.5 r/s. Writing the energy equation from the reservoir surface to the center of the pipe at the outlet:
2 2 p 2 V2 p 1 V1 + + z1 + h p = + + z2 + 2g 2g

hL 2

CEE 345 Spring 2002 or h p = z2 z1 = 1 + f Q2 L + ke + kb D 2g A 2

Problem set #2 Solutions

(1)

Assuming L = 62.4 m, f = 0.014, kb = 0.35 and ke = 0.1. Q nD3 so we can get C H from Fig. 8-5. CQ = hp = C H n2 D2 g (2)

Going through this calculations with dierent values of Q gives us the following: Q m 3 /s 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 CQ CH h p (1) m 1.7 1.95 2.3 2.76 3.31 3.96 h p (2) m 3.5 2.9 2.65 2.14 1.62 0.94

0.193 2.05 0.289 1.7 0.385 1.55 0.482 1.25 0.578 0.95 0.675 0.55

PSfrag replacementsThen plotting the system curve and the pump curve, we obtain the operating conditions: Q = 0.22 m3 /s, Power: P = 6.7 kW (from Fig. 8-6). 5 4 h p [m] 3 2 1 0 0 Operating point Pump curve

0.1

0.2 Q [m3 /s] 3

0.3

0.4

CEE 345 Spring 2002

Problem set #2 Solutions

Problem 8.27
What is the specic speed for the pump operating under the conditions given in Prob. 8-24? Is this a safe operation with respect to the susceptibility to cavitation?

Solution:
n= 690 rpm = 11.5 rps 60 s/min

Assume temperature of 10 C, Vapor pressure: pv = 1.2 kPa so pv 1.2 kPa = = 0.12 m. 9.81 kN

Assume atmospheric pressure head of 10.3 m. Neglecting head loss and velocity head, the gauge pressure head on the suction side of the impellor will be approximately 1 m. Then NPSH = 10.3 m + 1 m 0.12 m = 11.2 m n ss = nQ 2
1

The n ss value of 0.155 is much less than the critical value of 0.494, therefore, the pump is in the safe operating range.

(g NPSH) 4

11.5 s1 (0.21 m3 /s) 2 (9.81 m/s2 11.2 m) 4

3

= 0.155

Problem 8.32
Two pumps having the performance curve shown are operated in series in the 18-in. diameter steel pipe. When both are operating, estimate the time to ll the tank from the 150-ft level to to the 200-ft level. Estimate the maximum pressure in the pipe during the lling phase. Where will this maximum pressure occur? What would have been the initial discharge if the pumps had been installed in parallel?

Solution:
First write the energy equation from the lower to upper reservoir:
2 2 p 2 V2 p 1 V1 + + z1 + h p = + + z2 + 2g 2g

hL

CEE 345 Spring 2002 L V2 D 2g

Problem set #2 Solutions

0 + 0 + 95 ft + h p = 0 + 0 + z2 + Ke + 2Kb + KE + f

Assuming Ke = 0.1, Kb = 0.2, KE = 1.0, k s /D = 0.0001 (Fig. 5-5) and f = 0.013 (Fig. 5-4). Then h p = z2 95 ft + 0.1 + 2 0.2 + 1.0 + 0.014 = z2 95 ft + 4.10 Q2
2 32.2 ft/s2 16 (1.5 ft)4
2

Q2 300 ft 1.5 ft 2gA2

= z2 95 ft + 0.0204 s2 /ft5 Q2

The performance curve for the two pumps in series is given below. The initial discharge will be obtained by solving the performance curve and the energy equation (for z 2 = 150 ft) PSfrag replacements Plot this on the same graph and nd the intersection Qi = 25.3 cfs. 300 250 200 h p [ft] 150 System curve Performance Curve h p = 55 ft + 0.0204 s2 /ft5 Q2

100 50

20 30 15 25 Q [cfs] To calculate the time to ll the reservoir consider increments of lling in 5 ft steps. 0 5 10

CEE 345 Spring 2002 z2 [ft] 150 155 157.5 160 162.5 165 167.5 170 172.5 175 177.5 180 182.5 185 187.5 190 192.5 195 197.5 200 t = 10485 s 22.7 25133 1108 23 25133 1093 23.3 25133 1079 23.6 25133 1065 23.9 25133 1051 24.2 25133 1039 24.4 25133 1028 24.7 25133 1018 25 25133 1007 z 2 [ft] 152.5 Q [cfs] 25.2 V [ft3 ] 25133 t [s] 997

Problem set #2 Solutions

So the total time will be t = t = 10485 s or 2 hours 55 minutes. The discharge Q was obtained by solving the system equation with with the performance curve as done for obtaining Qi . Check f : Vi = Qi 25.3 cfs = = 14.34 ft/s A 1.767 ft2 Vi D 14.32 ft/s 1.5 ft = = 1.79 106 5 2 1.2 10 ft /s

for the initial values and V f = 12.82 ft/s in the nal value in our table. So Rei =

and Re f = 1.60 106 . For either of this value we nd our initial assumption of f = 0.013 to be valid. 6

CEE 345 Spring 2002

Problem set #2 Solutions

The maximum pressure will occur immediately downstream of the pumps when the 200 foot level is reached in the tank. Write the energy equation from the maximum pressure point to the water surface in the reservoir. pr Vr2 pmax V 2 + + zp = + + zr + 2g 2g hL

pmax Q2 280 ft Q2 K + f + + z = z + p r E 2g A 2 D 2g A 2 or pmax = zr z p + 1 + 1.0 + f 280 ft Q2 D 2g A 2 (22.7 ft3 /s)2 280 ft = 62.4 lbs/ft3 200 ft 90 ft + 0.013 1.5 ft 2 32.2 ft/s2 (1.767 ft2 )2 1 ft 12 in
2

= 7252 lbs/ft2

= 50.4 psi

Consider parallel pump installation. The performance curve for the two pumps would PSfrag replacements be as shown below. Solving the initial system equation with this performance curve yields Qi = 36.4 cfs. 150 Performance Curve 100 h p [ft] System curve 50

10

20

30 Q [cfs]

40

50

60

CEE 345 Spring 2002

Problem set #2 Solutions

Problem 8.33
The pump of Prob. 8-12 is used to pump water from reservoir A to reservoir B. The pump is installed in a 2-mi long, 12-in pipe joining the two reservoirs. There are two bends in the pipe (r/D = 1.0), and two gate valves are open when pumping. When the water surface elevation in reservoir B is 30 ft above the water surface in reservoir A at what rate will water be pumped?

Solution:
Write the energy equation from the water surface of reservoir A to the water surface in reservoir B:
2 2 p 1 V1 p 2 V2 + + z1 + h p = + + z2 + 2g 2g

hL L V2 D 2g

0 + 0 + 0 + h p = 0 + 0 + 30 ft + Ke + KE + 2Kb + 2KV + f

where Ke = 0.5, KE = 1.0, Kb = 0.35 and KV = 0.20 (Table 5-3). Also k s /D = 0.00015 (Fig. 5-5), assume f = 0.013. h p = 30 ft + 2.6 + 0.013 = 30 ft + 139.9 2 mi 5280 ft/mi V 2 1 ft 2g

Q2 Q2 = 30 ft + 139 . 9 2 2g A 2 2 32.2 ft/s2 16 (1 ft)4 3.52 s2 /ft5 Q2 (448.8 gpm/cfs)2

= 30 ft + 3.52 s2 /ft5 Q2 = 30 ft + = 30 ft + 1.75 105 ft/(gpm)2 Q2

Plotting the above equation (system curve) on the performance curve for problem 8-12 yields a discharge of 1500 gpm or 3.34 cfs V= Q 3.34 ft3 /s = = 4.26 ft/s A 0.785 ft2 VD 4.26 ft/s 1 ft = = 3.5 105 5 2 1.2 10 ft /s

Re =

giving f = 0.016. With this larger f the system equation becomes h p = 30 ft + 2.14 105 ft/(gpm)2 Q2 . 8

CEE 345 Spring 2002 Plotting this new system curve, etc. yields Q = 1450 gpm = 3.23 cfs.

Problem set #2 Solutions

Problem 8.34
Work Prob. 8-33 but have two pumps like that of Prob. 8-12 operating in parallel.

Solution:
Assume same system curve as for the solution to Prob. 8-33: PSfrag replacements The parallel pump performance curve is given below: Plotting the system curve on the performance curve yields a solution of Q = 1650 gpm or 3.67 cfs 120 100 80 h p [ft] 60 40 20 0 0 1000 2000 Q [gpm] 3000 4000 System curve, 18 pipe System curve, 12 pipe Performance Curve h p = 30 ft + 2.14 105 ft/(gpm)2 Q2 .

CEE 345 Spring 2002

Problem set #2 Solutions

Problem 8.35
Work Prob. 8-33 but have two pumps like that of Prob. 8-12 operating in parallel and have an 18-in pipe instead of a 12-in pipe.

Solution:
For this pipe k s /D = 0.0001, assume f = 0.014. Then the energy equation reduces to h p = 30 ft + 2.6 + 0.014 2 mi 5280 ft/mi Q2 2 1.5 ft (1.5 ft)4 2 32.2 ft/s2 16

= 30 ft + 0.503 s2 /ft5 Q2 = 30 ft + 2.50 106 ft/(gpm)2 Q2

Plotting the above equation on the graph of solution for problem 8-34 yields Q = 3300 gpm or 7.35 cfs.

10