Lesson 2.

6 Transformations of Graphs

A. Some Common Functions and Their Graphs

Sketch the graph of each function. Be sure to label at least 3 key points!

1) Linear Functions Video tutorial #1, 2 f x mx b f x b

2) Power Functions f x x 2 x y x

f x x 3

f x x 4

f x x 5

Lesson 2.6 Transformations of Graphs

3) Root Functions Video tutorial f x x x y x

f x 3 x

f x 4 x

f x 5 x

4) Reciprocal Functions Video tutorial 1 1 f x 2 f x x x x y x y

Lesson 2.6 Transformations of Graphs

5) Absolute Value Function Video tutorial f x x x y

Lesson 2.6 Transformations of Graphs

Transformation Rules
Vertical Shifts Adding a constant, c, to a function will shift the graph c units vertically.
f x c shifts the graph c units up f x c shifts the graph c units down

1. Sketch a graph of the function. Video tutorial a,b a. f x x 5

2

b. f x 5 x

Lesson 2.6 Transformations of Graphs

Horizontal Shifts Adding a constant, c, inside the rule of a function will shift the function c units horizontally. NOTE: The direction of movement is the opposite sign!
f x c shifts the graph c units left f x c shifts the graph c units right

Video tutorial c, d c. f x x 4

d. f x x 3

Lesson 2.6 Transformations of Graphs

Reflections Multiplying the function by a negative results in either an x-axis or yaxis reflection. f x results in an x-axis reflection
f x results in a y-axis reflection

Video tutorial e, f

e. f x x

f.

f x x

Lesson 2.6 Transformations of Graphs

Vertical Stretching and Compressions Multiplying the function by a constant, c, results in a vertical stretch or a vertical compression cf x results in a vertical stretch if c >1. cf x results in a vertical compression if 0 < c < 1 (or if c is a fraction). Video tutorial g, h

g. f x 3 x

h. f x 1 x 3

Lesson 2.6 Transformations of Graphs

Horizontal Stretching and Compressions This occurs when you see a value multiplied by x inside of the function.
f ax , a 0 results in a horizontal stretch if 0 < a < 1 (or if a is a

fraction).

f ax , a 0 results in a horizontal compression if a > 1.

1 . a

To graph this, multiply each x-coordinate of the function by

f x 2 x

i.

Video tutorial i, j

j. f x 1 x
3

Lesson 2.6 Transformations of Graphs

B. Sketch the graph of the function, not by plotting points, but by starting with the graph of a standard function and applying transformations. 1.

g ( x) x 4 5
3

a. What is the common function?

Video tutorial b. Describe the sequence of transformations.

2.

g ( x) 3 x 2

a. What is the common function? Video tutorial

b. Describe the sequence of transformations.

Lesson 2.6 Transformations of Graphs

3.

g ( x) x 5 2

a. What is the common function? Video tutorial

b. Describe the sequence of transformations.

4.

g ( x) 2 x 4 3

a. What is the common function?

Video tutorial

b. Describe the sequence of transformations.

5.

g ( x)

x 5 1

a. What is the common function?

Video tutorial b. Describe the sequence of transformations.

Lesson 2.6 Transformations of Graphs

6.

g ( x)

x 2 3

a. What is the common function?

Video tutorial b. Describe the sequence of transformations.

7.

g ( x) x 4

a. What is the common function?

Video tutorial b. Describe the sequence of transformations.

1 2 g ( x ) 3 x 1 8. 2
a. What is the common function?

Video tutorial b. Describe the sequence of transformations.

Lesson 2.6 Transformations of Graphs C. A function f is given, and the indicated transformations are applied to its graph. Write the equation for the final transformed graph.
1. f x x3 ; shifted 2 units to the left and shift upward 3 units Video tutorial 1-3

2. f x x ; shrink vertically by a factor of , shift to the left 1 unit, and shift downward 4 units.

3. f x x ; shift 3 units to the left, shift upward 1 unit, reflect in the xaxis.

Lesson 2.6 Transformations of Graphs D. The graph of a function f is illustrated. Use the graph of f as the first step toward graphing each of the following functions: a) F x f x 3 b)Gx f x 2 c) Px f x d ) H x f x 1 2
e)Qx 1 f x 2

f ) g x f x

g )hx f 2 x

Video tutorial a-c

Lesson 2.6 Transformations of Graphs

a) F x f x 3
e)Qx 1 f x 2

b)Gx f x 2 f ) g x f x

c) Px f x g )hx f 2 x

d ) H x f x 1 2

Video tutorial d,e

Lesson 2.6 Transformations of Graphs

a) F x f x 3
e)Qx 1 f x 2

b)Gx f x 2 f ) g x f x

c) Px f x g )hx f 2 x

d ) H x f x 1 2

Video tutorial f, g