Steam Kinetic Electrical

Coil

Turbine
Boils water

M ag
net
Heat
Boiler
Generator ELECTRICITY
Burning of fuel
TURBINE
LUBE OIL SYSTEM
GLAND SEAL STEAM
CONDENSER
EJECTOR
CEP
GLAND STEAM CONDENSER
LP HEATER
DEAREATOR
BFP
HP HEATER
 A steam turbine is a mechanical
device that extracts thermal energy from
pressurized steam, and converts it into
useful mechanical work.
In the 1st century, The first steam
device that may be classified as a
reaction steam turbine was invented by
Hero of Alexandria in Egypt.

The modern steam turbine was

invented in 1884 by the Englishman
Charles A. Parsons, whose first model
was connected to a dynamo that
generated 7.5 kW of electricity.
Impulse Turbine
Reaction Turbine
 For 800MW
 THE MINIMUM STEAM PARAMETERS TO BE CONSIDERED
FOR EACH UNIT WILL BE;
 PRESSURE 247 KG/SQ.CM (abs)
 MAIN STEAM TEMP. 535 0C
 REHEAT TEMP. 565 0C
Purpose of Lube oil system

To reduce the wear and tear of

the rotating elements.
To maintain the temperature of
the bearings.
Using for……
Cooling of Turbine and Generator bearings.
Sealing medium in Hydrogen cooling system
Turbine barring gear operation.
Working fluid in Governing system
 Steam is supplied to the sealing chamber at 1.03
to 1.05 Kg/sq.cm abs and at temperature 130
deg.C To 150 deg.C from the header.
 Air steam mixture from the last sealing chamber
is sucked out with the help of a special steam
ejector to gland steam cooler.
 Provision has been made to supply live steam at
the front sealing of H.P. and I.P. rotor to control
the differential expansion, when rotor goes under
contraction during a trip or sharp load reduction.
Seal Arrangement
<<
 What is condensate?
 The steam after condensing in the
condenser known as condensate, is
extracted out of the condenser hot well
by condensate pump and taken to the
deaerator through ejectors, gland
steam cooler and series of LP heaters.
 Steam Inlet

Cooling
water Outlet

Cooling
water inlet
 Steam Inlet

Tube Bundle
Cooling
water Outlet

Cooling
water inlet
 CONDENSER (For 800MW)

 TYPE SURFACE TYPE

 CW FLOW 89000 M3/HR.
 DESIGN COOLING WATER TEMPERATURE 32 0C
 Purpose of Steam Ejector
Ejector system uses steam as the
motive fluid to remove any non-
condensible gases that may be
present in the surface condenser.
 The function of CEP pumps is to pumps
out the condensate to the deaerator thru'
ejectors, gland steam cooler, and L.P.
heaters. These pumps have multi stages
and since the suction is at a negative
pressure, special arrangements have
been made for providing sealing.
CONDENSATE EXTRACTION PUMPS
3X50% - 850 M3/HR.
Gland Steam Condenser Package pulls a slight
vacuum on the turbine shaft seals by means of
vacuum pumps, centrifugal blowers, or steam
ejectors. This allows capture of the leaked steam
and air mixture. Once captured, the steam is
separated from the air and condensed in a shell
and tube condenser. The condensate drains out the
bottom while the air is pulled out the top. The
condensed steam is then sent back to the steam
cycle with the other condensate.
 Purpose of Deaeration
 To remove oxygen, carbon dioxide and other
non condensable gases from feed water
 To heat the incoming makeup water and return
condensate to an optimum temperature for:
– Minimizing solubility of the undesirable gases
– Providing the highest temperature water for
injection to the boiler
 Principle of Deaeration
 Henrys law: The mass of gas with definite
mass of liquid will dissolve at a given
temperature and is directly proportional to
the partial pressure of the gas in contact with
the liquid. This holds within close limits for
any gas, which does not unite chemically
with the solvent.
 Solubility Law: Solubility of gases decreases
with increase in solution temperature and/or
decrease in pressure.
 Purpose of HP&LP Feed water Heater

 A Feed water heater is a component used

to pre-heat water delivered to the boiler.
Preheating the feed water reduces the
amount of energy needed to make steam
and thus reduces plant operation costs. This
improves the thermodynamic efficiency of
the system.
 For 660 MW

Heater‑1 Heater‑2 Heater‑3 Heater‑4

Shell side : 0.35 MPa 0.35 0.53 0.53
150 oC 150 170 280

Tube side : 4.0 MPa 4.0 4.0 4.0

150 oC 150 160 160
 For 660 MW

Heater‑6 Heater‑7 Heater‑8

Shell side : 2.5 MPa 5.4 7.8
490/230 oC 345/270 400/30

Tube side : 34 34 34
230 270 300
 Purpose of Boiler Feed Water Pump

A boiler feedwater pump is a specific type of pump

used to pump feedwater into a steam boiler. The water
may be freshly supplied or returning condensate
produced as a result of the condensation of the steam
produced by the boiler. These pumps are normally
high pressure units that use suction from a
condensate return system and can be of the
centrifugal pump type or positive displacement type.
 BFP Requirement For 800MW

 NO 2W (TURBINE DRIVEN) + 1S ( AC MOTOR DRIVEN)

 CAPACITY ( 2X50%-1545 M3//HR. APPROX.)
 TURBINE DRIVEN
 AC MOTOR DRIVEN
Horizontal type Multistage Turbine Pump
Boiler Feed Pump for Thermal Power
Plant
200mm x 150mm x 5S GM-CH
285m3/h x 921m x 930kW (Induction
Motor)
By