Complex Arithmetic

Introduction
Each problem in this problem set presents an equation involving complex numbers and variables. Use complex arithmetic to determine the values of the variables. Appendix B of Introduction to Electric Circuits by R.C. Dorf and J.A Svoboda provides a review of complex arithmetic.

Worked Examples
Example 1 Given

6 5 e j 45 = Ae j 15 + j 8
Find the values of A and . Solution:

6 6 30 j 45152) = 1.76 e j107 5 e j 45 = 5 e j 45 = e ( j 152 15 + j 8 17 e 17

Example 2: Given:

10 = 2.36 e j 45 a + jb
Find the values of a and b. Solution:

10 = 4.24 e j 45 = 3 j 3 = a + j b j 45 2.36 e

Example 3 Given: Find the values of A and . Solution:

Ae j =

Ae j ( 3 + j 8 ) = j 32

j 32 32 e j 90 32 j (90111) e = = = 3.75 e j 21 j 111 8.54 3 + j 8 8.54 e

Example 4: Given: Find the values of A and . Solution:

Ae j = ( 2 + j 3) + 5 e j135

Ae j = ( 2 + j 3) + 5 e j135 = ( 2 + j 3) + ( 3.54 j 3.54 ) = ( 2 3.54 ) + j ( 3 j 3.54 ) = 1.54 j 0.54 = 1.63 e j161

Example 5: Given:

4 j3 = Ae j j 15 2e

Find the values of A and . Solution:

Ae j = 4 j 3 5 e j 37 5 j ( 3715) = = e = 2.5 e j 52 2 e j15 2 e j15 2

Example 6: Given:

5 + j 13 = a+ jb 6 e j135

Find the values of a and b. Solution: a+ jb = 5 + j 13 13.9 e j111 13.9 j (111135) = = e 6 e j135 6 e j135 6 = 2.32 e j 24 = 2.12 j 0.94

Example 7: Given:

j6 = 4 j 3 a+ jb

Find the values of a and b. Solution: a + jb = j6 6 e j 90 6 j 90+143) = j143 = e ( 4 j 3 5 e 5 = 1.2 e j 53 = 0.722 + j 0.958

Example 8 Given: Find the values of a and b. Solution:

6 e j120 ( 4 + j 3 + 2 e j15 ) = a + j b

a + j b = 6 e j120 ( 4 + j 3 + 1.93 + j 0.52 ) = 6 e j120 ( 2.07 + j 3.52 ) = 6 e j120 ( 4.08 e j120 ) = ( 6 4.08 ) e = 12.2 j 21.2
j (120+120 )

= 24.48 e j 240

Example 9: Given:

Ae j120 + j b = 4 + j 3
Find the values of A and b.
Solution:
Ae j120 + j b = 4 + j 3 0.5 A + j 0.866 A + j b = 4 + j 3

Equating real and imaginary parts:

0.5 A = 4 A=8

and

0.866 A + b = 3 b = 3 0.866 8 = 3.93

Example 10: Given:

6 e j120 ( 4 + j b + 8 e j ) = 18

Find the values of A and .

Solution:
6 e j120 ( 4 + j b + 8 e j ) = 18 4 + j b + 8cos + j 8sin = 18 = 3 e j120 = 1.5 j 2.6 j 120 6e

Equating real and imaginary parts:

8 cos = 2.5 = 71.8

and
b + 8 sin = 2.6 b = 2.6 8 cos(71.8) = 10.2

Example 11: Given:

( a + j 4)

j 2 = 2 Ae j 60

Find the values of a and A.

Solution:

( a + j 4)

j 2 = 2 Ae j 60

8 + j 2 a = 2 ( 0.5 A + j 0.866 A ) 10 j 2 a = 0.5 A + j 0.866 A Equating real and imaginary parts:

10 = 0.5 A A = 20

and

2 a = 0.866 ( 20 ) a = 8.66