(i) Energy is a basic requirement for economic development.

(ii) Every sector of the national economy- agriculture, industry, transport, commercial and domestic- needs inputs of energy. (iii) The economic development plans implemented since independence necessarily required increasing amounts of energy to remain operational. As a result, consumption of energy in all forms has been steadily rising all over the country and we need to conserve it for the future
We need to because we are starting to use up all the resources that took our world thousands of years to create, and we have become extremely dependent on these things. So if we conserve what we have now than we can prevent running out of resources and make them last longer. It all ties down to global warmingA drilling rig is a machine which creates holes in the ground. Drilling rigs can be massive structures housing equipment used to drill water wells, oil wells, or natural gas extraction wells, or they can be small enough to be moved manually by one person and are called auger. They sample sub-surface mineral deposits, test rock, soil and groundwater physical properties, and also can be used to install sub-surface fabrications, such as underground utilities, instrumentation, tunnels or wells. Drilling rigs can be mobile equipment mounted on trucks, tracks or trailers, or more permanent land or marine-based structures (such as oil platforms, commonly called 'offshore oil rigs' even if they don't contain a drilling rig). The term "rig" therefore generally refers to the complex of equipment that is used to penetrate the surface of the Earth's crust. Small and portable, such as those used in mineral exploration drilling, water wells and environmental investigations. Energold's frontier S-Style drills for example focus on portability, while conventional water well rigs are far heavier for long-term drilling projects Huge, capable of drilling through thousands of metres of the Earth's crust. Large "mud pumps" circulate drilling mud (slurry) through the drill bit and up the casing annulus, for cooling and removing the "cuttings" while a well is drilled. Hoists in the rig can lift hundreds of tons of pipe. Other equipment can force acid or sand into reservoirs to facilitate extraction of the oil or natural gas; and in remote locations there can be permanent living accommodation and catering for crews (which may be more than a hundred). Marine rigs may operate many hundreds of miles or kilometres distant from the supply base with infrequent crew rotation or cycle petroleum Oil and natural gas drilling rigs can be used not only to identify geologic reservoirs but also to create holes that allow the extraction of oil or natural gas from those reservoirs. Primarily in onshore oil and gas fields once a well has been drilled, the drilling rig will be moved off of the well and a service rig (a smaller rig) that is purpose-built for completions will be moved on to the well to get the well on line.

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This frees up the drilling rig to drill another hole and streamlines the operation

as well as allowing for specialization of certain services, i.e., completions vs. drilling. A solar car is a solar vehicle used for land transport. Solar cars combine technology typically used in the aerospace, bicycle, alternative energy and automotive industries. The design of a solar vehicle is severely limited by the amount of energy input into the car. Most solar cars have been built for the purpose of solar car races. Since 2011 also solar-powered cars for daily use on public roads are designed List of solar cars (with homologation). Solar cars are often fitted with gauges as seen in conventional cars. To keep the car running smoothly, the driver must keep an eye on these gauges to spot possible problems. Cars without gauges almost always feature wireless telemetry, which allows the driver's team to monitor the car's energy consumption, solar energy capture and other parameters and free the driver to concentrate on driving. Solar cars depend on PV cells to convert sunlight into electricity. Unlike solar thermal energy which converts solar energy to heat for either household purposes, industrial purposes or to be converted to electricity, PV cells directly convert sunlight into electricity.[1] When sunlight (photons) strike PV cells, they excite electrons and allow them to flow, creating an electrical current. PV cells are made of semiconductor materials such as silicon and alloys of indium, gallium and nitrogen. Silicon is the most common material used and has an efficiency rate of 15-20%. Solar car A solar car is a solar vehicle used for land transport. Solar cars combine technology typically used in the aerospace, bicycle, alternative energy and automotive industries. The design of a solar vehicle is severely limited by the amount of energy input into the car. Most solar cars have been built for the purpose of solar car races. Since 2011 also solar-powered cars for daily use on public roads are designed List of solar cars (with homologation). Solar cars are often fitted with gauges as seen in conventional cars. To keep the car running smoothly, the driver must keep an eye on these gauges to spot possible problems. Cars without gauges almost always feature wireless telemetry, which allows the driver's team to monitor the car's energy consumption, solar energy capture and other parameters and free the driver to concentrate on driving. Solar cars depend on PV cells to convert sunlight into electricity. Unlike solar thermal energy which converts solar energy to heat for either household purposes, industrial purposes or to be converted to electricity, PV cells directly convert sunlight into electricity.[1] When sunlight (photons) strike PV cells, they excite electrons and allow them to flow, creating an electrical current. PV cells are made of semiconductor materials such as silicon and alloys of indium, gallium and nitrogen. Silicon is the most common material used and has an efficiency rate of 15-20%. Hybrid A hybrid vehicle is a vehicle that uses two or more distinct power sources to move the vehicle.

[2]

The term most commonly refers to hybrid electric

vehicles (HEVs), which combine an internal combustion engine and one or more electric motors. However other mechanisms to capture and utilize energy are included.

Windmill A windmill is a machine that converts the energy of wind into rotational energy by means of vanes called sails.

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Originally, windmills were developed

for milling grain for food production. In the course of history, the windmill machinery was adapted to many other industrial uses. to pump water, either for land drainage or to extract groundwater.

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An important non-milling use is

Importance
All of us use energy every day for entertainment, cooking, transportation, lighting, heating and cooling homes, manufacturing, etc. We consume a lot of energy. The United States consumes about one fourth of the world's energy resources.When energy is produced from non-renewable fuels, to heat our homes or power our cars for example, pollutants are released into the air contaminating the air we breathe and water too. The more energy we use or miles we drive in our cars, the more energy power plants must produce or gasoline our cars burn, releasing more pollutants into the air.

We depend on energy for almost everything in our lives. We wish to make our lives comfortable, productive and enjoyable. Hence even if the outside temperature rises a little, we immediately switch on the air conditioner to keep our house cool. This is again using up of energy. Unfortunately, what we do not realize is that we have starting taking things for granted and we have started wasting energy unnecessarily. Most of us forget that energy is available in abundance but it is limited and hence to maintain the quality of life, it is important that we use our energy resources wisely.If we do not conserve energy, the energy will exhaust and we will have nothing to use. Also, energy conservation is also important when it comes to climate change. Currently, erratic climates and climatic changes are the greatest threats that we are facing today. Hence it is important to conserve energy.

Use Fossil fuel power stations have rotating machinery to convert the heat energy of combustion into mechanical energy, which then operates an electrical generator. The prime mover may be a steam turbine, a gas turbine or, in small plants, a reciprocating internal combustion engine. All plants use theenergy extracted from expanding gas - steam or combustion gases. Very few MHD generators have been built which directly convert the energy of moving hot gas into electricity. Byproducts of thermal power plant operation must be considered in their design and operation. Waste heat energy, which remains due to the finite efficiency of the Carnot, Rankine, or Diesel power cycle, is released directly to the atmosphere, directly to river or lake water, or indirectly to the atmosphere using a cooling tower with river or lake water used as a cooling medium. The flue gas from combustion of the fossil fuels is discharged to the air. This gas contains carbon dioxide, water vapour, as well as substances such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), mercury, traces of other metals, and, for coal-fired plants, fly ash. Solid waste ash from coal-fired boilers must also be removed. Some coal ash can be recycled for building materials.[2] Fossil fueled power stations are major emitters of CO2, a greenhouse gas (GHG) which according to a consensus opinion of scientific organisations is a contributor to global warming as it has been observed over the last 100 years. Brown coal emits about 3 times as much CO 2 as natural gas, and black coal emits about twice as much CO2 per unit of electric energy. Carbon capture and storage of emissions is not expected to be available until governmental regulations force big polluters to reduce or eliminate their CO2 emissions.

PERNYATAAN MASALAH : Penutup logam botol sos cili yang baru dibeli oleh Kamal ketat dan sukar untuk dibuka.

Kaedah yang digunakan Kamal untuk menyelesaikan masalah : 1) With a spoon

Wedge the tip of the spoon in the underside of the lid in between the jar and its lid. Wiggle it back and forth to try to break the seal. Do this all the way around the lide. Then, try to open the jar with your hands again.

use the back of a spoon or knife

Put the edges of the utensil right underneath the edge of the bottle cap

2)

Table method

Take the bottle and place the spiky end over a firm flat surface such as a table

Place your other hand (non dominant hand) flat over the bottle cap and hit the cap with the palm of your hand while holding the rest of the bottle with your dominant hand.

Voila! Your opened drink with no damage to your teeth.