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com/Spanish

Hola! Lesson 13 on Basic Spanish!

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Revision : Possessive adjectives

English My Your (informal) His/ Her/ Your (formal)/Their Our Your (informal, pl)

Spanish Mi (s) Tu (s) Su (s) Nuestro (-a, -os, -as) Vuestro (-a, -os, -as)

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Revision : Family relations

English Father Mother Parents Brother (s) Sister (s) Siblings (mixed) Son Spanish Pap / Padre Mam / Madre Padres Hermano (s) Hermana (s) Hermanos Hijo

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Revision : Family relations

English Grandfather Grandmother Grandparents Uncle Aunt Cousin (male) Cousin (female) Spanish Abuelo Abuela Abuelos To Ta Primo Prima

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Revision : Forms of irregular verb To-have

English I have We have You (informal) have You (informal, pl) have You (formal) have/ He/ She has You (formal, pl have)/ They have Spanish Yo tengo Not tieno Nosotros tenemos T tienes Vosotros tenis Usted/ l/ Ella tiene Ustedes/ Ellos/ Ellas tienen

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Revision

English Pet(s) Cat Dog Fish Parrot Bird

Spanish Mascotas (same for singular/ plural) Gato Perro Pescado Loro Pjaro

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Lesson objectives

To-be verb estar

2 Making small talk

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Whats in store today?

Today we will learn the second form of the to-be verb estar and then use it for conversations around making small talk with people! So lets get started with the forms of Estar!

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Lesson objectives

To-be verb estar

2 Making small talk

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Ser vs. Estar

Ser is used for permanent situations (eg: what something is ) while Estar for temporary situations (eg: what something does temporarily) Example Ser = Soy de America = I am from America (permanent) Estar = Estoy en la oficina = I am at the office (temporary) Soy and Estoy are forms of Ser and Estar when To view this with Audio and practice games, used visit www.CultureAlley.com/Spanish with 'Yo' or 'I'

Forms of Estar

English I am We are You (informal) are You (informal, pl) are He is / She is /You (formal) are They are/ You (formal, pl) are

Spanish Yo estoy Nosotros estamos T ests Vosotros estis l / Ella / Usted est Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes estn

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Examples

I am at the office

(Yo) estoy en la oficina

Personal pronoun : Yo (I) Form of estar : Estoy To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Spanish

Examples

She is in the class

Ella est en la clase

Personal pronoun : Ella (She) Form of estar : Est To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Spanish

Grammar tip

Since we said 'la oficina' and 'la clase' we know that office and class take up feminine forms in Spanish Hence, we used the feminine form of 'the' or 'la'

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Examples

They are at the hospital

Ellos/as estn en el hospital

Personal pronoun : Ellos/as (They) Form of estar : Estn To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Spanish

Do you remember?

The = El when used with masculine nouns The = La when used with feminine nouns Hence, office (oficina) and class (clase) take up feminine forms while hospital takes up masculine form

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Examples

Where are you?

Dnde (t) ests?

Personal pronoun : T (You) Form of estar : Ests To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Spanish

Why did we use 'Estar'?

In all the examples we saw, we used estar as they all referred to temporary situations like being at a place

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Try yourself

He is at the church Church = Iglesia (takes up feminine gender)

1
l est en la iglesia

2
l ests en la iglesia

3
l est en el iglesia

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Solution

He is at the church Church = Iglesia (takes up feminine gender)

1
l est en la iglesia

2
l ests en la iglesia

3
l est en el iglesia

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Let's revise!

English I am We are You (informal) are You (informal, pl) are He is / She is /You (formal) are They are/ You (formal, pl) are

Spanish Yo estoy Nosotros estamos T ests Vosotros estis l / Ella / Usted est Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes estn

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Lesson objectives

To-be verb estar

2 Making small talk

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Conversation
Mark goes to a new coffee shop, Lisa is one of the workers there Mark : Hello! How are you? Lisa : I am fine Mark : Can I smoke? Lisa : Yes Mark : Where is the toilet?

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Some new vocabulary!

English How? Fine Smoke Toilet

Spanish Cmo? Bien Fumar Bao

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Making small talk

How are you (informal)?

Cmo ests?

Personal pronoun : T (You) Form of estar : Ests To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Spanish

Why did we use Estar?

We used estar and not ser in the last sentence (How are you = Cmo ests?) as How are you refers to a temporary situation, meaning : how are you right now?

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Moving on...

Let's now learn how would we ask the same question to someone in a formal situation?

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Making small talk

How are you (formal)?

Cmo est usted?

Personal pronoun : Usted (You) Form of estar : Est To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Spanish

Making small talk

I am fine

(Yo) estoy bien

Personal pronoun : Yo (I) Form of estar : Estoy To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Spanish

Why did we use Estar?

Again, I am fine (Yo estoy bien) also refers to a temporary situation, meaning, I am fine right now

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Lets revise the conversation we learnt!

English How are you (inf.)? How are you (formal)? I am fine

Spanish Cmo ests? Cmo est usted? Estoy bien

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Making small talk

Can I smoke?

Puedo fumar?

Personal pronoun : Yo (I) Form of Poder(o->ue) : Puedo To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Spanish

Grammar tip
Did you notice that in the last sentence, the verb To smoke = Fumar did not change its form? This is because we already conjugated (changed form) the verb Can = Poder (o->ue) I can = Puedo I can smoke = Puedo fumar Hence, Can I smoke = Puedo fumar?

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Making small talk

Where is the toilet?

Dnde est el bao?

Personal pronoun : 3rd person Form of estar : Est To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Spanish

Grammar tip

Since we said 'el bao' we know that toilet or bao takes up masculine form in Spanish

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Lets revise the conversation we learnt!

English How are you (inf.)? I am fine Can I smoke? Yes Where is the toilet?

Spanish Cmo ests? Estoy bien Puedo fumar? S Dnde est el bao?

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Try yourself

Where is the bar? Bar = Bar (takes up masculine form)

1
Dnde ests el bar?

2
Dnde est la bar?

3
Dnde est el bar?

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Solution

Where is the bar? Bar = Bar (takes up masculine form)

1
Dnde ests el bar?

2
Dnde est la bar?

3
Dnde est el bar?

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Try yourself

How are you (informal)?

1
Cmo es?

2
Cmo eres?

3
Cmo ests?

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Solution

How are you (informal)?

1
Cmo es?

2
Cmo eres?

3
Cmo ests?

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Try yourself

How are you (formal)?

1
Cmo ests?

2
Cmo eres usted?

3
Cmo est usted?

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Solution

How are you (formal)?

1
Cmo ests?

2
Cmo eres usted?

3
Cmo est usted?

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Moving on...

Another common question which we can ask while making small talk is asking someone's birthday

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Some new vocabulary!

English When? Birthday

Spanish Cundo? Cumpleaos

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Grammar tip

Birthday = Cumpleaos is loosely derived from Cumple (koompl-e) = meet/ comply Aos (aa-ny-osh) = years old Loosely meaning to comply with being another year old

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Making small talk

When is your birthday?

Cundo es tu cumpleaos?

Your (informal) = Tu

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Responding to : When is your birthday?

To respond to questions like 'When is your birthday?' - you would need to understand how to say dates in Spanish We will cover this in future lessons... For now, let's revise what we saw today and then learn about Tango dancing!

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Revision

English How are you (inf.)? I am fine Can I smoke? Yes Where is the toilet?

Spanish Cmo ests? Estoy bien Puedo fumar? S Dnde est el bao?

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Culture Leaf

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Culture leaf : Tango dance!

Tango dance originated in Rio de la Plata (Argentina-Uruguay border), and spread to the rest of the world soon after

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Culture leaf : Tango dance!

Tango was inscribed onto the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists in Oct, 2009

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Culture leaf : Tango dance Do(s) and Dont(s)!

Don't hang around the dance floor if you're not dancing Don't stay in a high-traffic dance area if you are trying to show someone a new step Don't stop in the outer lane while dancing. Those are the faster lanes on the dance floor and the slower lane in the middle

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Culture leaf : Tango dance Do(s) and Dont(s)!

Don't talk too much while dancing Do bring a towel if you sweat a lot Do dress nicely, don't wear jeans, sneakers or other casual attire

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Whats next?

In the next lesson, we will learn some common expressions of time!

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Credits

Content Team CultureAlley, Okairy Zuiga, Tomasa Merino Images http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:TangoCouple.jpg User: Raphael Koerich

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See you at the Alley!

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Practice Game: Just type what you hear

Start Game

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