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Multiphase pumps are used to dynamically lower backpressure on producing wells. This allows liquid / gas / solids mixtures to be transported over longer distances. The aim is to develop an integrated reservoir simulator based on the commonly applied software solutions and reference case study data sets.
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Twin Screw Multiphase Pumps as a Tool for Reservoir Engineering
Multiphase pumps are used to dynamically lower backpressure on producing wells. This allows liquid / gas / solids mixtures to be transported over longer distances. The aim is to develop an integrated reservoir simulator based on the commonly applied software solutions and reference case study data sets.
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Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Multiphase pumps are used to dynamically lower backpressure on producing wells. This allows liquid / gas / solids mixtures to be transported over longer distances. The aim is to develop an integrated reservoir simulator based on the commonly applied software solutions and reference case study data sets.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Verfügbare Formate
Als PDF, TXT herunterladen oder online auf Scribd lesen
elds is limited to an average of about 20-40 % of the OOIP. Thus enhanced recovery is a topic throughout the world. MPP installations using complex control features are envisaged to provide a highly dynamic tool to improve the reservoir performance increasing the ultimate recovery and favourably affecting project economics. This paper presents a preliminary summary on a research project Verbundprojekt: MPT- Grundlagenuntersuchungen zur Mehrphasen- technologie in Offshore und Onshorefrderung sub-project Lagerstttenverhalten bei Mehr- phasenfrderung (at TU Berlin) funded by the German Government (Federal Ministry for Economics and Technology/BMWi and Federal Ministry for Education and Research/BMBF). Introduction In recent years after more than 20 years of research and development programs on innovative pumping solutions the Multiphase Pump Technology has successfully entered the E & P market. Multiphase pumps are used to dynamically lower backpressure on producing wells with variable oil ows, water ows, gas volume fractions and solid nes from reservoirs under continuously changing process conditions such as pressures and temperatures. Multiphase pumps are capable to increase production rates and recovery efciency for an improved reservoir management and enable liquid/gas/solids mixtures to be transported over longer distances without prior phase separation at well-heads towards gathering stations and central separation units. The sub project reservoir behaviour during multiphase production covers various research topics focusing on the subsurface, the oil and gas reservoirs, their fundamental conditions, the natural production processes and phenomena and the effects of multiphase pumping during the hydrocarbon elds life-cycle. The aim is to develop an integrated reservoir simulator based on the commonly applied software solutions and reference case study data sets (e.g. Gullfaks). The derived workow for the integrated eld models is transferred and applied to run the reservoir simulation on the MPT test site Rtenbrock (Wintershall AG). Gullfaks Case Study/Integrated eld model The Gullfaks reservoir model is a standard/reference Twin-Screw Multiphase Pumps as a Tool for Reservoir Engineering Prof. Dr. Wilhelm R. Dominik Technical University Berlin Technische Universitt Berlin FAKULTT VI Planen Bauen Umwelt Institut fr Angewandte Geowissenschaften Fachgebiet Explorationsgeologie TU-Berlin Sekr. BH 2 Ernst-Reuter-Platz 1 10587 Berlin 2ND INTERNATIONAL EMBT CONFERENCE // TWIN-SCREW MULTIPHASE PUMPS AS A TOOL FOR RESERVOIR ENGINEERING geological reservoir model by Schlumberger (see Fig 1). The model is used to design the workow of building the proper integrated reservoir simulator. For the wells and the surface network model PROSPER and GAP (both Petroleum Experts/PETEX) were applied to construct, validate and to link up with Schlumbergers Gullfaks Reservoir ECLIPSE model; the integrated production model to be calibrated for the project relevant user/test system. Fig 1 ECLIPSE - Gullfaks Reservoir model The second integrated model (based on grids, reservoir properties, uid properties, well data and completion data) was tested by exporting the model from Eclipse to Reveal (PETEX) (gure 2). Fig 2 REVEAL - Gullfaks Reservoir model The surface network facility model includes the downstream elements starting at the sand face, continues to the tubing, the well head, the ow- lines and the pump (for example Multiphase pumps) towards the separator. Figure 3 illustrates the well and surface network model using PROSPER, GAP (PETEX). Fig 3 PROSPER/GAP - Gullfaks surface network model The integrated reservoir and surface network simulator is applied to evaluate impacts of surface facility modications, expansions, and consolidations on reservoir production proles. An integrated subsurface-to-surface model consists of the following main data modules: Subsurface (Reservoir) model PVT model Well model Surface production system model To simulate the integrated production model, third party communication software is used to link different software package together, such as: ECLIPSE (Schlumberger) GAP (Petroleum Experts) by Resolve (PETEX) which is a tool used to allow connectivity between arbitrary petroleum engineering packages (Fig 4) REVEAL (Petroleum Experts) GAP (Petroleum Experts) by Resolve tool (Figure 5)
Prof. Dr. Wilhelm R. Dominik
PAGES 96 // 97 geological reservoir model by Schlumberger (see Fig 1). The model is used to design the workow of building the proper integrated reservoir simulator. For the wells and the surface network model PROSPER and GAP (both Petroleum Experts/PETEX) were applied to construct, validate and to link up with Schlumbergers Gullfaks Reservoir ECLIPSE model; the integrated production model to be calibrated for the project relevant user/test system. Fig 1 ECLIPSE - Gullfaks Reservoir model The second integrated model (based on grids, reservoir properties, uid properties, well data and completion data) was tested by exporting the model from Eclipse to Reveal (PETEX) (gure 2). Fig 2 REVEAL - Gullfaks Reservoir model The surface network facility model includes the downstream elements starting at the sand face, continues to the tubing, the well head, the ow- lines and the pump (for example Multiphase pumps) towards the separator. Figure 3 illustrates the well and surface network model using PROSPER, GAP (PETEX). Fig 3 PROSPER/GAP - Gullfaks surface network model The integrated reservoir and surface network simulator is applied to evaluate impacts of surface facility modications, expansions, and consolidations on reservoir production proles. An integrated subsurface-to-surface model consists of the following main data modules: Subsurface (Reservoir) model PVT model Well model Surface production system model To simulate the integrated production model, third party communication software is used to link different software package together, such as: ECLIPSE (Schlumberger) GAP (Petroleum Experts) by Resolve (PETEX) which is a tool used to allow connectivity between arbitrary petroleum engineering packages (Fig 4) REVEAL (Petroleum Experts) GAP (Petroleum Experts) by Resolve tool (Figure 5)
Prof. Dr. Wilhelm R. Dominik
ECLIPSE (Schlumberger) OLGA (Scandpower) the options to be tested. In the designed integrated system, both the surface network and reservoir simulator run on the same workstation using communication software as a message-passing communication interface. Two protocols are available for the communication between Eclipse and PETEX (Resolve): PVM parallel virtual machine MPI message passing interface Fig 4 connecting GAP ECLIPSE models Fig 5 connecting GAP REVEAL models
Sensitivity Study using theoretical models
To distinguish the impact of the reduction of well head pressure, which is merely done by the application of the multiphase pump, on the hydrocarbon recovery of different oil and gas reservoirs, sensitivity studies must be implemented using theoretical models on oil and/or gas-lled reservoirs. Each of those reservoirs have different uid properties (PVT and SCAL) and can be changed to recognise the impact of multiphase pumping on various natural reservoir types. Figure 6 is a theoretical oil model. Two producers (wells) are used to deplete the sandstone reservoir. Firstly a normal depletion case has to be run as a base case in order to compare the results of the changing uid properties during the process (for example GOR, Viscosity, Bubble Point Pressure, SCAL properties-Corey exponents). With respect to the gas oil ratio sensitivity study the results of several simulation cases as a consequence of changing the Gas Oil ratio (GOR) demonstrate that the reduction of THP in the highly GOR reservoir (75 -100 Sm3/ Sm3) has a lower impact on the total recovery factor than for reservoirs which have small GOR values (example 5-10 Sm3/ Sm3). The improvement is 1 to 1.5 % more for the higher GOR reservoir values and 5 to 6% for the lower GOR reservoir values (gure 7). Figure 8 shows the 2 cases on the eld production rates and the improvement of recoveries, higher in high-viscous reservoirs compared to low viscous. Fig 6 3D of the theoretical model Twin-Screw Multiphase Pumps as a Tool for Reservoir Engineering Fig 7 Total Oil Production for high and low GOR reservoir values Fig 8 Field oil production rate: natural depletion cases and the onset of multiphase pumping Fig 9 Well Head Pressure (THP) of WELL A Fig 10 Well Head Pressure (THP) of WELL B Fig 11 Field oil production rate: multiphase pumping on a reservoir supported by water ooding Figures 9 and 10 show, how THP of WELL A and WELL B was reduced from around 8 - 10 bar in the natural base cases to 1 bar, increasing the oil recovery. Figure 11 is demonstrating the recovery to be increasing in case of water-ooding the reservoir. Rtenbrock test site and modelling Building the 3D geometrical model applying PETREL (Schlumberger) is a procedure integrating the whole range of available geological and petrophysical reservoir and eld data by the following stepwise approach: 1. geometrical model - Data import - Horizon- and fault-interpretation - Generating the 3D grid - Modeling the horizons and faults - Zonation and layering / stratigraphy 2. Facies modeling - Data analysis / Log interpretation - Modeling petrophysical data from Logs - Generation and simulation of different facies models 3. Upscaling of the nal model for reservoir-geology 4. Model export to Eclipse Prof. Dr. Wilhelm R. Dominik 2ND INTERNATIONAL EMBT CONFERENCE // TWIN-SCREW MULTIPHASE PUMPS AS A TOOL FOR RESERVOIR ENGINEERING PAGES 98 // 99 Fig 7 Total Oil Production for high and low GOR reservoir values Fig 8 Field oil production rate: natural depletion cases and the onset of multiphase pumping Fig 9 Well Head Pressure (THP) of WELL A Fig 10 Well Head Pressure (THP) of WELL B Fig 11 Field oil production rate: multiphase pumping on a reservoir supported by water ooding Figures 9 and 10 show, how THP of WELL A and WELL B was reduced from around 8 - 10 bar in the natural base cases to 1 bar, increasing the oil recovery. Figure 11 is demonstrating the recovery to be increasing in case of water-ooding the reservoir. Rtenbrock test site and modelling Building the 3D geometrical model applying PETREL (Schlumberger) is a procedure integrating the whole range of available geological and petrophysical reservoir and eld data by the following stepwise approach: 1. geometrical model - Data import - Horizon- and fault-interpretation - Generating the 3D grid - Modeling the horizons and faults - Zonation and layering / stratigraphy 2. Facies modeling - Data analysis / Log interpretation - Modeling petrophysical data from Logs - Generation and simulation of different facies models 3. Upscaling of the nal model for reservoir-geology 4. Model export to Eclipse Prof. Dr. Wilhelm R. Dominik Fig. 12 Data integration on Field model Rtenbrock Fig. 13 Perspective 3D View on Reservoir model Rtenbrock The available eld data on the Rtenbrock test site are integrated by various steps in a model (Figures 12 and 13), the reservoir attributes calibrated by well information, using regional geological and geophysical data as well as data from elds in the vicinity for plausibility runs of the model. The nal model will be exported to ECLIPSE and the integrated reservoir simulator and is prepared for an iterative model reprocessing following the test runs of reservoir simulation. Conclusions The combination of various Software products is needed for the establishment of an integrated reservoir simulator in order to investigate for
dynamical processes and phenomena involved
in oil and gas production by MPT. Reference case study data sets Gullfaks (Schlumberger) are used to calibrate the modular integrated reservoir simulator First test-runs on integrated theoretical reservoir models demonstrate considerable increase of eld recoveries by the application of MPT 3D Geological model on MPT test site Rtenbrock is demonstrated for the upcoming reservoir simulation Acknowledgments The paper was generated within the scope of the joint project (Verbundprojekt): German-Russian cooperation MPT Fundamental Research on Multiphase Technology in Offshore and Onshore Production. Appreciation is expressed to MPT e.V., the industry partners Wintershall AG and Heinr. Bornemann GmbH for permission to publish this paper and to the partner institutions for their support. Appreciation is extended in particular to the Federal Ministry for Economics and Technology (BMWi) and the Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) for funding the project, further to the software companies granting the academic licences and to the instructors of applied software solutions as well as to all the student and expert members involved in the research project. References ECLIPSE Online Manual 2007.2, Schlumberger Geo Quest GAP Online Manual 6.1, Petroleum Experts Ltd. PETREL Online Manual and Release Notes Version 2007.1, Schlumberger Information Solutions, Houston, Texas RESOLVE Online Manual 2, Petroleum Experts Ltd. Yarus, J.M. and R.L. Chambers (eds.), 1994: Stochastic Modeling and Geostatistics: principles, methods and case studies. Volume 3 of AAPG Computer Applications in Geology, Tulsa, Oklahoma Hamilton, D.E. and Jones, T.A, 1992: Computer Modeling of Geologic Surfaces and Volumes, AAPG Computer Applications in Geology, No. 1
Twin-Screw Multiphase Pumps as a Tool for Reservoir Engineering