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Conventional Treatment
The standard method by which dissolved metals and other soluble species involves addition of reagents into the process stream to drive precipitation and form solids. Solids precipitated in this manner form very finely divided particles which settle slowly, forming a low density sludge that is difficult to dewater.
The MaxR Process improves on this basic process by using recycled thickener underflow to serve as precipitation sites for fresh solids. Underflow solids are recycled and mixed with incoming feed reducing chemicals required. Newly precipitated solids grow on top of existing particles forming large crystals that settle rapidly to a higher final density. The ultimate discharge slurry density of a material (solids concentration) can be increased by 5-30 wt% over conventional treatment. In addition, if mechanical dewatering is used, the dewatering rate is greatly increased due to the high density of the feed sludge and improved dewatering characteristics of the solids. Subsequently the size and the cost of the dewatering equipment are reduced.
Precipitation Precipitation
Polish Filtration
Polish Filtration
volume/mass
Maximum Rate (Dewatering) Maximum Reaction Rate Maximum Reaction Efficiency Maximum Reaction Stability Maximum Reduction of sludge
Maximum Results Maximum Recovery Maximum Removal Maximum Rho ( density) Maximum Return of Capital
Investment
Reaction Vessels
Sedimentation Process
Oxallizer Oxidation Reactor
Reactor-Clarifier Unit
E-CAT Clarifier
Sludge Disposal
Filtration Process
Final Filtration
SBW
Typical Applications
The MaxR Treatment Process can be applied in any application where chemical precipitation occurs and where the process can be modified to control the reaction process. Applications where Dorr-Oliver Eimco has obtained process improvement include: Magnesium Hydroxide Production Acid Mine Drainage (Metal Hydroxides and CaSO4) Steel Mill Acid Pickle (FeCl3, HCl) Water Softening [Ca(HCO3)2, Mg(HCO3)2, SiO2] Rare Earth Oxide Production (Lead Sulfide) Chemical Plant Wastewater (Calcium Fluoride) Agra-Fuel Ethanol Production (CaSO4, Metal Oxides) Phosphate Wastewater Treatment [CaF2, CaSO4, Ca(PO4)3] Mineral Sands Beneficiation (Iron Hydroxide and CaSO4) Brine Treatment in Caustic Chlorine and Food Applications (CaCO3) Mineral Leaching Solution Treatment (Metal Oxides and CaSO4) Ground Water Treatment in Natural Gas Field (Barium Sulfate)
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Ground Water Treatment (Calcium Carbonate, Fluoride and Boron) Titanium Dioxide Wastewater Treatment (Iron/Metal Hydroxides/Calicum Sulfate) Industrial Wastewater from Latex Manufacture (Magnesium Hydroxide) Fluoro-Hydrocarbon Manufacture Wastewater (Calcium Fluoride & Arsenic) Aluminum Reduction Facility Wet Scrubber (Calcium Fluoride and Sulfate) Power Plant Wastewater (Metal Selenium Sulfites)
Caustic-Chlorine/Brine Treatment
The MaxR Treatment Process
Dramatically Improves Brine Treatment Performance Maximize treatment capacity with minimized capital/operating costs
No External Reaction Tanks Required Reduced Sludge Filter Size
Dorr-Oliver Eimco has successfully applied the MaxR Process for use in brine treatment, where removal of soluble magnesium, silica, and other metals as precipitated solids is required. Several installations have enabled us to demonstrate the MaxR Process performance in saturated brine applications. Specifically at the most recent installation in Louisiana, we had the opportunity to compare the MaxR Process versus a Conventional Treatment System that has yet to be upgraded to a MaxR Process. MaxR treatment technology generated superior effluent quality, produced a more dense sludge, and reduced the quantity of chemicals required.
Filter Press
Vacuum Filter
6 4 2 0 200
Filter Cake
Filter Press
Finished Brine
400
1200
MaxR Process requires less excess chemicals to achieve same removal of a soluble species. Shown, in the chart to the left, is the calcium removal versus excess carbonate required in brine treatment.
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Applications
Acid Neutralization and Metal Hydroxide Removal for Water Treatment and Re-use Acid Mine Drainage Treatment
Virginia
Effluent < 15 NTU Sludge thickener underflow 30 - 50 wt% Vacuum filtration solids 70 - 75 wt%
California
Annual operational savings = $1 million Solids concentration doubled in drying ponds to 65 wt% Vacuum filtration rate increased by 20X Center column pumping - no tunnel required
Super-Phosphate Fertilizer
Louisiana
Silica out < 1 mg/L Sludge thickener underflow = 40 - 60 wt% Excess chemicals decrease by 30 - 50% Water blanket technology utilized
Brazil
Characteristics Inlet (mg/L) Discharge (mg/L) SS 20,000 < 200 F 1,300 <5 PO4 2,500 < 80 Scale formation reduced Sludge thickener underflow = 25 wt%
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Pennsylvania
Provided a complete turnkey project MaxR Process which includes:
Reactor Clarifier Unit Thickener EIMCOBELT RVF and SVG Filters used in conjunction with our advanced biological/aeration technology, Advent Integral System
China
Characteristics Inlet (mg/L) Discharge (mg/L) SS 400 < 20 O&G 400 <5 Zn 80 <2 Filtration cake >50 wt% solids versus 35 wt% solids obtained from parallel conventional treatment train
Underflow to vacuum filter is 40 wt%, cake of 65 wt% Influent SS concentration = 70,000 mg/L, final SS effluent averages less than 20 mg/L
State/ Country
CA WI MS Brazil LA UT OH OH Thailand CA China NV LA PA LA KY VA
Pilot Plant
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Equipment Process Equipment Tankage/ Construct. Start-Up Operator Sizing Design Supply Erection Mangmnt. Services Training
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E = Pilot testing results obtained from Experience/Testing from previous similar projects 7
Birmingham
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